1. Formation of Delta
• At the river mouth, a river loses energy and
starts to deposit its sediments.

2. Formation of Delta
• As the
sediments build
up, the mouth
will be blocked
• The river also
split into several
small channels
called
distributaries to
flow to the sea.

3. DistributariesDelta
Over time, the accumulated
sediments that rise over the water
and the distributaries form a delta.

4. Meander
• A river that follows a
winding course, usually
forming hoop-like bends.
• River may meander
because
Lower gradient lower
speed lower river
energy river turns to
avoid obstacles

5. Meander
Note:
Outer Bank = Concave Bank
Note:
Inner Bank = Concave Bank

6. River Cliff
• Constant
erosion
(undercutting)
erodes the outer
(concave) bank
of the meander
• forming a river
cliff.
Slip-off slope
River cliff

7. Slip-off slope
• Constant
deposition at
the outer
(convex) bank
deposits
sediments
• forming a slip-
off slope.
Slip-off
slope
River cliff

8. Positive Impact of river
• Rivers provide water
for domestic
purposes such as
drinking, bathing
and washing.
• Rivers are a good
source of food such
as fish and prawns.

9. Positive Impact of river
• Rivers are important
waterways for
transporting people
and goods.

10. Negative Impact of river
•River water
overflows river
bank cause lives to
be lost and destroy
property and crops.

11. Negative Impact of river
• Consuming
contaminated river
water can cause
people to fall ill
• Eg contract
diseases such as
cholera.