4. • ART : treatments or procedures that include the handling of
human eggs and sperms or embryos outside the body for the
purpose of establishing a pregnancy
• INFERTILITY : inability to conceive after 1 year of properly
timed unprotected intercourse.
5. • 1978 – first successful birth using IVF
• 1984 - first successful birth using GIFT
• 1986 - first successful birth using ZIFT
7. • The world’s second and India’s first IVF baby Kanupriya, alias
Durga, was born 67 days later on October 3, 1978, through the
efforts of Dr. Subhas Mukhopadhyay and his two colleagues in
Kolkata.
17. TESE – TESTICULAR SPERM
EXTRACTION
INDICATIONS :
1. Failure to find sperm in the epididymis
2. Nonobstructive azoospermia
types
1. Open microsurgical TESE is the best technique in men with
non obstructive azoospermia.
2. Percutaneous core biopsy
3. Percutaneous sperm aspiration(TESA)
22. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
• Sperm is collected, processed and placed into a woman’s vagina, cervical
canal or in the uterus.
• Sperm can come from partner or an anonymous donor.
Insemination is when sperm is collected and processed.
Artificial Insemination is when the sperm used comes from partner.
24. INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION
The seminal fluid is prepared in
the laboratory (washed with
special media)
Injected inside the uterus after
stimulating the ovaries to
produce more eggs per cycle.
26. GAMETE INTRAFALLOPIAN
TRANSFER
• In gamete intrafallopian transfer
(GIFT), eggs are removed from the
woman, and placed in one of the
fallopian tubes, along with the
man's sperm. This allows
fertilization to take place inside the
woman's body.
• Therefore, this variation is actually
an in vivo fertilization, and not an
in vitro fertilization.
A mixture of a woman’s eggs and
sperm are placed into the
fallopian tube
29. IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
• Process refers to the fertilization outside the body.
• Most effective and successful ART, IVF is most often
recommended when fallopian tubes of woman are blocked or in
case when men produce too few sperm. In this process, doctor
prescribed drug that causes the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
• When eggs are mature enough, they are removed trough a
surgical procedure and are put in a dish in the lab along with the
sperm for fertilization. After 3 to 5 days, healthy embryos are
then implanted in the woman’s uterus.
30.
31. FERTILIZATION
• Semen is collected by
mastrubation
• Sperm preparation
• Incubation in high protien
media for 0.5-4hr
• Each oocyte incubated with
50-100 thousand motile sperm
in 5% CO2 in air,
98%humidity,37°C for 12-18hr
32.
33. INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM
INJECTION
• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an in vitro
fertilization procedure in which a single sperm is injected
directly into an egg.
• • This procedure is used to overcome male infertility
problems, although it may also be used where eggs cannot
easily be penetrated by sperm, and occasionally as a method of
in vitro fertilization, especially that associated with sperm
donation.
34.
35.
36. PROCEDURE
• Single sperm is immobilized
• Drawn in to pipette
• Oocyte is stabilized
• Polarbody is 6/12 o’ clock position
• Oocyte is entered 3 o’clock
• Pipette pierce zona and oolemma
• 50-70% fertilization
38. PGS
• Assisted reproductive technology, allows in vitro fertilized
(IVF ET) embryos for preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)
evaluation.
• The is not used to look for a specific disease but a technique to
identify embryos at risk.
42. ASSISTED HATCHING
In vivo zona dissolves on zona- endometrial interface
In vitro embryo make opening in zona and escapes ,leaving
behind an empty zona
Methods
Zona drilling with acidic tyrode’s solution
partial zona dissection with micro glass needle
Laser photo ablation
Enzymatic Hatching
Use of Piezo –micromanipulator
poor prognostic factor
47. ZYGOTE INTRAFALLOPIAN
TRANSFER
• Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) is an infertility
treatment where a blockage in the fallopian tubes are the
cause.
• Egg cells are removed from a woman's ovaries, and in vitro
fertilized.
• The resulting zygote is placed into the fallopian tube by the
use of laparoscopy.
• Embryo transfer is done by laparoscopy 4 cm inside the
fimbria