Enviromental chemistry ok1294987679

Atmospheric Chemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formation of the Earth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thermal Consequences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formation of the Mantle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Isotope Distribution of the Earth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Appearance of the Atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Isotopes of Xe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distribution of Xe isotopes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Differentiation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Age of differentiation ,[object Object]

Ratios of Isotopes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusions from Isotope Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Collecting the evidence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Early Atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Origin of Life ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formation of Simple Amino Acids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Murchison Meteor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Early Energy System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Role of Blue Green Algae ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Decline of Anaerobic Bacteria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Oxygen Rich Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The trouble with oxygen ,[object Object],[object Object]

The present atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distance from the Sun ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Influence of Earth’s Mass ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Escape Velocity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Escape Velocity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

No H or He in Earth’s Atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Little CO 2 in atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Earth ,Venus & Mars ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distribution of Gases on Earth Venus & Mars ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Role of Shellfish ,[object Object],[object Object]

Triple point of H 2 O P(H 2 O) in Atmospheres Temperature K Venus Earth Mars ICE WATER VAPOUR Triple Point 1 10 -6 200 380

Water ( Solid,Liquid, Gas) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Super Greenhouse & Acid Rain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Current Atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Present Level of Oxygen ,[object Object],[object Object]

Structure of Atmosphere ,[object Object],Earth’s Surface Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere REGION 10-16 km (-56 o C) 50 km (-2 o C) 85 km (-92 o C) 500 km (1200 o C) 15 o C O 3 O 2 + , NO + O 2 + , O + , NO + N 2 ,O 2 ,CO 2 ,H 2 O 3 x 10 -6 atm 0.001 atm 0.1 atm 1atm

Ozone Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ozone and Radiation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Effects of Reduction in Ozone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chlorofluorocarbons & Ozone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ozone Protection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ozone Destruction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Control of CFC’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Uses of CFC’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lifetime of CFC’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Naming of CFC’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],C H F

Chloromonoxide ,[object Object],[object Object]

Relationship between ClO. & O 3 ,[object Object],Ozone (O 3 ) Chlorine monoxide ClO . Chlorine monoxide ,ppb Ozone, ppm 1.0 0 2.5 0.5 Latitude 63 o S 73 o S

Thickness of Ozone Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other Ozone Depleters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interactive Catalytic Forms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interactive Catalytic Forms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Origin of Ozone Hole ,[object Object],[object Object]

Ice crystal formation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Possible Role of CO 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impenetrable Vortex formation ,[object Object],[object Object]

PSC’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

HCL attachment ,[object Object],Crystal HNO 3 .3H 2 O of HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl Ice Particle formed at low Temperature (-80 o C)

Role of ClONO 2 ,[object Object],Crystal HNO 3 .3H 2 O of HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl ClONO 2 Cl 2 ClONO 2 collides with HCl to form Molecular Chlorine Accumulates in Winter

Formation of Cl . Radicals ,[object Object],Crystal HNO 3 .3H 2 O of HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl ClONO 2 Cl 2 Cl . Cl . . When the Light in Summer appears Cl 2 is converted to Cl . UV light Summer Accumulates in Winter

Hole Closure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dimer ClOOCl ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antarctic and Arctic Vortexes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Possible Link ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Further Reading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enviromental chemistry ok1294987679

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