Can a Greener Internet Help Us Moderate Climate Change?
Canarie Green It Presentation
1. ICT and Climate Change Benefits to Canada Bill St. Arnaud CANARIE Inc – www.canarie.ca [email_address] Unless otherwise noted all material in this slide deck may be reproduced, modified or distributed without prior permission of the author
4. The Planet is Already Committed to a Dangerous Level of Warming V. Ramanathan and Y. Feng, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD September 23, 2008 www.pnas.orgcgidoi10.1073pnas.0803838105 Source: Larry Smarr CAL-It2 Temperature Threshold Range that Initiates the Climate-Tipping Additional Warming over 1750 Level 90% of the Additional 1.6 Degree Warming Will Occur in the 21 st Century
9. IT biggest power draw Heating, Cooling and Ventilation 58% Lighting 11% IT Equipment 25% Other 6% Sources: BOMA 2006, EIA 2006, AIA 2006 Energy Consumption Typical Building Energy Consumption World Wide Transportation 25% Manufacturing 25% Buildings 50%
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20. Many examples Hydro-electric powered data centers Data Islandia Digital Data Archive ASIO solar powered data centers Wind powered data centers 17 Ecotricity in UK builds windmills at data center locations with no capital cost to user
29. The “VM Turntable” Demonstrator seamless remote rendering Korea Chicago Calgary VMs Dynamic Lightpaths Starlight CA*net4 KREOnet APEC TEL 33, Calgary, AL, Apr 24-27 2006 Live VMs migrated from Calgary to Chicago with transit through S. Korea, resulting in just a 1.011 second of application downtime . DRAC sets up and tears down a lightpath w/ each migration.
39. Virtualization and De-materialization Source: European Commission Joint Research Centre, “The Future Impact of ICTs on Environmental Sustainability”, August 2004 Direct replacement of physical goods – 10% - 20% impact
43. Other sectors (40%) (e.g. manufacturing, coal mining, export transport) Emissions under direct consumer control (35%) Consumer influenced sectors (25%) (e.g. retail, food and drink, wholesale, agriculture, public sector) Heating Private cars Electricity Other transport Consumers control or influence 60 per cent of emissions http://www.cbi.org.uk/pdf/climatereport2007full.pdf 30
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Hinweis der Redaktion
ERM has a strong pro-active dimension. As much about proactively managing as measuring It is a key part of our mission to Enable you to make decisions that are based on risk across the enterprise, levels of users,
Assume each higher-ed produces 1-2 x 10e5 metric tons COe2 There are 3 x 10e3 higher ed institutions Therefore total higher ed CO2 emissions = 3-6 x 10e8 tons US total emissions 7 x 10e9 COe2 Therefore high ed percentage 3-6 x 10e8/7 x 10e9= 4.5 – 8.5%
Future projections from Gartner
Source: SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age First study to quantify the enabler effect of ICT on other sectors in terms of reducing CO2 emissions. Emissions from the ICT sector are estimated to rise significantly over the coming years No other sector can supply technology capabilities so integral to energy efficiency across such a range of other sectors or industries By 2020, ICT technologies can reduce global CO2 emissions by 7.8 versus 51.9 if business as usual (BAU) 7.8 Giga-tons of carbon dioxide emissions is greater than the current annual emissions of either the US or China
Protocols have also helped to define the scope of GHG emissions. Scope 1: Direct emissions from sources owned by the institution (heating and cooling?) fleets Scope 2: Indirect emissions from purchased energy (electricity) Scope 3: Other emissions related to the institution but not caused by sources owned by the institution Scope three emissions are voluntary emissions sources Up to the organization to choose weather or not they want to account for Scope 3 Post Sec. has an opportunity to influence emissions reductions beyond the scope of their attributed (scope 1 and 2) emissions. Next Slide- UBC Inventory UBC inventoried a number of scope 3 emissions including transportation, flights, embodied energy in building construction to name a few. I’ll expand on this when I show
Step 3: Select a GHG protocol. GHG protocols provide a methodology for GHG inventory Answer difficult questions such as which emissions to account for, scope and boundary of emissions sources, how and where to obtain emissions factors for your calculations. Other reasons Better off using a standard that everyone else is using to benchmark and for comparison Upcoming legislations Auditable system On the screen are the 2 most commonly used protocols. Both are free to use, and can be found on-line. Anke will send around the link. UBC used the WRI protocol in developing our inventory, as at the time it was the most widely used and recognized. Both protocols adhere to ISO standards for GHG accounting, and both can be used.
Here is a copy of the UBC 2006 GHG emissions inventory. UBC inventoried a number of scope 3 emissions including transportation, flights, embodied energy in building construction to name a few. Rational is that we can have influence even where emissions are not attributed toward us. For example, our context in British Columbia means that we are required by law to be carbon neutral by 2010. We will be carbon neutral in scope 1 and 2 emissions (plus paper), but we continue to take on projects that reduce emissions in all three scopes Example- U-Pass
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