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White Paper




EMC BACKUP-AS-A-SERVICE
EMC Avamar, VMware vCloud Director, and VMware vCenter
Orchestrator
   • Provide portal-based backup management
   • Deliver single click backup and restore for vCloud Director
   • Provide backup services for cloud and traditional hosted
      environments




                   EMC Solutions Group

                   Abstract
                   This white paper provides information on using EMC® technology to create a
                   portal based multitenant Backup-as-a-Service offering which is portal based
                   and extremely easy to use. In addition, design considerations related to its
                   implementation and how the required components are integrated are
                   discussed.

                   December 2012
Copyright © 2012 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its
publication date. The information is subject to change without notice.

The information in this publication is provided “as is.” EMC Corporation makes
no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in
this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this
publication requires an applicable software license.

For the most up-to-date listing of EMC product names, see EMC Corporation
Trademarks on EMC.com.
All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners.

Part Number H10508.1




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                                         EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Contents
 Executive summary....................................................................................................................... 4
    Business case .......................................................................................................................... 4
    Solution overview ..................................................................................................................... 4
    Key results............................................................................................................................... 5

 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6
    Purpose................................................................................................................................... 6
    Scope...................................................................................................................................... 6
    Audience ................................................................................................................................. 6
    Terminology ............................................................................................................................. 6

 Backup-as-a-Service ..................................................................................................................... 7
    Overview.................................................................................................................................. 7
    Self-service portal..................................................................................................................... 7
   Portal implementation .............................................................................................................. 8
   Channel sales model .............................................................................................................. 10
   Design Considerations ............................................................................................................ 12
   Orchestration tool................................................................................................................... 14
      vCO PowerShell.................................................................................................................. 16
   Reporting capabilities ............................................................................................................. 17

 EMC Avamar ............................................................................................................................... 18
   Overview................................................................................................................................ 18
   Multitenant support................................................................................................................ 19
   CLI and API support ................................................................................................................ 19
      MCCLI examples................................................................................................................. 20
   Configuration database access ................................................................................................ 21
   Limitations and workarounds .................................................................................................. 21

 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 22
   Summary ............................................................................................................................... 22
   Findings................................................................................................................................. 22

 References ................................................................................................................................. 23
    White papers.......................................................................................................................... 23
    Product documentation........................................................................................................... 23




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                                                                                            EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Executive summary
Business case       Service providers face the challenge of providing easy to use backup solutions that
                    integrate seamlessly with their hosted VMware vCloud Director (vCD) environments.
                    Providing a simple portal-based graphical solution which allows their technical and
                    non-technical vCD customers to easily backup and restore virtual machines is critical
                    to the successful adoption of this type of offering. In addition, any portal-based
                    Backup-as-a-Service (BaaS) solution of this type must integrate into existing
                    orchestration and management infrastructures. Ideally, the integration of all the
                    different systems must result in a single management interface for the customer’s
                    and service provider’s administrators.

                    Existing dedicated, standalone, disk-based or tape-based backup offerings don’t
                    provide the ease of use or deep integration with vCD that customers require.
                    Therefore the service provider must offer a Backup-as-a-Service solution which
                    provides that ease of use and seamless integration with vCD.

                    This BaaS solution provides service providers with the ability to offer backup services
                    to all of their vCD customers, regardless of their technical abilities or vCD usage
                    model.

Solution overview   This white paper describes a scalable backup solution for a VMware vCloud Director
                    environment, including the backup components and associated proof-of-content
                    portal and orchestration integration.

                    This solution can be used to provide backup services for public or private cloud-
                    based VMware vCloud Director environments. In addition, this solution can be used
                    in the environments that are not provided as a service such as VMware’s vCloud
                    Director environments within a single or multi-organizational enterprise.
                    For this white paper, the service provider or enterprise components are co-located
                    within one geographic data center environment.

                    This white paper validates the integration of the solution’s components and provides
                    broad guidelines about how this type of solution can be built and integrated into the
                    service provider’s environment.

                    Key solution components include:
                      •   EMC Avamar® 6.1 – Provides centralized and scalable backup environment with
                          deduplication and replication capabilities.
                      •   VMware® vCenter™ Orchestrator™ – Provides an IT Process Automation engine
                          that helps automate the cloud solution and integrate the VMware vCloud Suite
                          with other orchestration systems.
                      •   VMware vCloud™ Director™ - Orchestrates the provisioning of software-defined
                          datacenter services as complete virtual datacenters that are ready for
                          consumption in a matter of minutes.
                      •   WaveMaker - Provides a rapid application development environment for
                          building, maintaining and modernizing business-critical Web 2.0 applications.




                                                                                 EMC Backup-as-a-Service      4
                                                                    EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
•   PostgreSQL – Provides a powerful, open source object-relational database
                    system used for storing solution-specific information.

Key results   Backup-as-a-Service enables service providers to fundamentally change the way in
              which they provide backup services for customers who have purchased their hosted
              vCloud Director environments. By leveraging an in-house BaaS infrastructure that is
              integrated with vCloud Director, service providers can provide uniform data backup
              capabilities and offer differentiated offerings across their customer base.
              This solution demonstrates that BaaS:
                •   Can provide a simple ‘one-click’ backup experience
                •   Can be leveraged through direct or channel sales
                •   Improves flexibility and simplifies application deployment
                •   Enables users to focus on revenue generating activities and other projects
                    instead of equipment logistics




                                                                         EMC Backup-as-a-Service     5
                                                             EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Introduction
Purpose        This white paper describes the architecture of an EMC BaaS solution based on EMC
               Avamar and VMware vCloud Director. It also discusses how service providers can
               leverage the BaaS framework to deploy backup services. This framework allows
               service providers to adapt their service portfolio to their customers’ dynamic
               business requirements.

Scope          The scope of this white paper is to demonstrate integration of Avamar and vCloud
               Director in a service provider environment. This solution presents a reference
               implementation of a portal-based channel BaaS offering that provides simple portal
               based configuration and recovery actions.
               In this white paper general configuration and operational procedures are outlined.
               However, for detailed product installation information, refer to the user
               documentation for those products.

               This white paper has been designed to contribute to, but not replace, other
               operational elements such as systems integration, customization, run books,
               maintenance, and support. If the need arises for operational guidance outside the
               scope of this paper, contact your EMC Global Services representative.

Audience       This white paper is intended for EMC employees, partners, and customers including IT
               planners, system architects and administrators, and any others involved in
               evaluating, acquiring, managing, operating, or designing a BaaS infrastructure
               environment leveraging EMC technologies. Throughout this white paper we assume
               that you have some familiarity with the concepts and operations related to backup
               and virtualization technologies, and their use in cloud and data center
               infrastructures.

Terminology    Table 1 defines some of the key terms used in this paper.

               Table 1.    Terminology
                 Term                           Definition
                 Tenant                         A customer of compute/backup services. A service
                                                provider will have multiple tenants within their BaaS
                                                infrastructure.
                 URL                            Uniform Resource Locator
                 API                            Application Programming Interface
                 CLI                            Command Line Interface

                 MCCLI                          Management Console Command Line Interface
                 MCGUI                          Avamar Management Console Graphical User Interface




                                                                             EMC Backup-as-a-Service    6
                                                                EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Backup-as-a-Service
Overview              Backup-as-a-Service (BaaS) uses cloud infrastructure to backup data to a shared,
                      rather than dedicated, backup infrastructure. Service providers can offer BaaS to
                      customers who need a flexible, on-demand backup infrastructure but prefer not to
                      purchase, configure, or maintain it by themselves. This solution focuses on
                      demonstrating how a service provider could provide an integrated and easy-to-use
                      vCloud Director based BaaS offering for those customers looking for simplicity in their
                      backup and recovery procedures.

                      This solution focuses exclusively on a BaaS solution for channel and direct vCD
                      environments unlike ESG’s previous Backup-as-a-Service offering, titled EMC Backup-
                      as-a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC Homebase, which
                      focused on providing a general BaaS solution. By focusing the solution more
                      specifically, additional capabilities and functionality were able to be implemented.
                      Fundamentally, as with any BaaS offering, this solution enables customers to
                      consume cloud infrastructure in much the same manner as they consume electrical
                      power. Users consume and pay for power without needing to understand or maintain
                      the component devices and infrastructure required to provide the service. In a BaaS
                      environment, customers can draw on the elastic resources that cloud infrastructure
                      delivers and pay only for the backup service they consume.

                      The BaaS environment typically consists of:
                        •   Hosted vCloud Director environments
                        •   Self-service portal
                        •   Secure multitenant-enabled shared infrastructure

Self-service portal   The integration of any as-a-Service offering by a service provider is a key part of their
                      solution development and delivery mechanism. Only by integrating a new as-a-
                      Service offering into their existing portal can they continue to offer their services in a
                      cost-effective and scalable fashion. Allowing tenants to sign up for new services,
                      change service levels, and perform basic tasks through a web-based portal is critical
                      to maintaining scalability.

                      In addition, some service providers want to use their portals not only for tenant
                      access but also as the mechanism used by their staff to manage and administer the
                      environment. Regardless, the ability to integrate any new as-a-Service offering into
                      the provider’s existing environment is critical.

                      The focus of this solution, developed as a proof-of-concept portal implementation, is
                      to demonstrate the simplicity of an Avamar-based vCloud Director backup solution.
                      Figure 1 provides a screen view of the customer virtual machine management page.




                                                                                     EMC Backup-as-a-Service       7
                                                                        EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Figure 1.       PoC Customer Virtual Machine Management view

                 VMware vCenter Orchestrator (vCO) was used as an orchestration tool along with
                 VMware’s web portal to provide a proof-of-concept web-based portal implementation.
                 This VMware-based solution is pictorially represented in all figures of this white
                 paper.

                 A web-based portal with underlying orchestration simplifies administration along
                 with management, and thereby avoids requiring users to learn and use the full
                 featured administrative consoles of the underlying applications. A web-based portal
                 also allows service providers to limit and audit what functions are available for each
                 user.

                 The goal of this proof-of-concept was to demonstrate the functionality and usage of a
                 portal.

Portal           For this use case, several different components were used:
implementation
                     1. VMware vCenter Orchestrator was used, leveraging its graphic user interface
                        (GUI) workflow. Each service provider will need to customize and integrate the
                        command-line interface (CLI) and/or application programming interface (API)
                        capabilities into their own service portal offering. In our solution vCO
                        functioned as the broker between Avamar, vCloud Director, and the
                        PostgreSQL database by using the following interfaces:

                             −    SSH calls to Avamar using its SSH plug-in
                             −    REST calls to VMware vCloud Director to get customer information
                             −    Database calls to PostgreSQL database to retrieve and/or modify
                                  database table information

                         While our solution leveraged vCO for these calls, they could be done through
                         (web) server side scripting (some DLLs if it is Microsoft-based, or some jar
                         files if Java-based). In addition, the SSH calls could be done from the client
                         side as well as through server side scripting.

                         VMware vCEnter Orchestrator (vCO) is the central broker for the entire
                         solution. For each customer it will access the database and retrieve customer


                                                                                EMC Backup-as-a-Service    8
                                                                   EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
information. Once retrieved from PostgreSQL it will request from vCD details
       on the all VMs associated with that customer and store the resulting
       information in the database. Then it will check the backup configuration of
       each customer and VM.

       For any newly added VMs, vCO will check to determine if ‘auto protect’ has
       been selected. If it has, the VM will need to be protected (backed up)
       automatically for the customer. vCO will then add the new VM to the
       customer’s Avamar domain and default backup schedule. Customers who
       did not select ‘auto protect’ for their VMs can manually protect their VMs by
       selecting ‘Protect’ in the portal.

       vCO is also integral to the billing information displayed by the portal. It
       retrieves, on a per-customer basis, the Primary Protected Bytes and Unique
       Bytes information from the Avamar database through SQL queries. Once
       retrieved this information is added to tables in the PostgreSQL database.

   2. PostgreSQL Database was used to store distributor, reseller, and customer
      information. In addition, it was used as a repository for all the customer-
      specific information around VMs and backups retrieved from vCD and
      Avamar. By using PostgreSQL tables in this fashion, the WaveMaker portal
      development was simplified as the portal could display information from the
      tables with minimal formatting and filtering.

   3. WaveMaker (aka Portal) was used to simplify and speed the development of
      the web portal portion of this solution. By leveraging WaveMaker’s
      capabilities it was possible to implement the web-portal in days instead of
      weeks or months.

   4. Avamar Virtual Edition Server - To integrate Avamar, command shell scripts
      were created, which were used by vCO to execute (over SSH connections to
      the Avamar server) MCCLI commands. The exact integration and functionality
      provided is further discussed in subsequent sections. In addition, examples
      of scripts we used to enable the vCO workflows are shown later in this
      document.

       The orchestration capabilities used by this solution were modeled on the
       work done in the white paper titled EMC Backup-as-a-Service: EMC Avamar,
       EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC HomeBase. An overview of the
       techniques and tools used will be provided here but for additional
       information and other examples please refer to that white paper.

   5. VMware vCloud Director integration with a backup solution was the primary
      use-case for this solution. The solution made no changes to vCD and only
      accessed it through its RESTful interfaces.

The communication and interdependencies between the components is illustrated in
the following diagram:




                                                            EMC Backup-as-a-Service    9
                                               EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Figure 2.   Component communication

                As the above diagram represents, vCO is the central orchestration component
                communicating with all the other components.

Channel sales   This solution implements a channel-based BaaS sales model in which the service
model           provider sells capacity to distributors. The solution was architected to illustrate how a
                channel-based BaaS solution might be designed and implemented. A three-tiered
                model was constructed based on this architecture. The first tier, referred to as the
                distributor tier, would purchase capacity from the service provider and, in turn, resell
                that capacity to distributors. These distributors would sell the backup capacity to
                customers who would either manage it themselves or have the distributor manage
                the backups for them. This is graphically represented in the following diagram:




                Figure 3.   Hierarchical view of channel implementation




                                                                              EMC Backup-as-a-Service       10
                                                                 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
The following figure illustrates the distributor view of the resellers purchasing backup
capacity from them:




Figure 4.    Distributor Management View of Resellers

The above illustrates the ‘Reseller View’ for the ‘Orographic Distributor Corp’ and lists
the resellers Orographic is selling to along with their allocated and consumed space.

The following figure illustrates the reseller view of their customers:




Figure 5.    Distributor Management View of Resellers

Figure 5 illustrates the ‘Customer View’ for the ‘Nene Reseller Inc’ and lists the
customers Nene is providing backup capacity to. This overview also details whether
an individual customer is a managed customer and their total amount of Protected
Bytes, also known as primary protected storage, as well as how much unique data
each customer has.




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                                                 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
The following figure illustrates the customer’s view of the virtual machines and vApps
                 in the vCD environment:




                 Figure 6.   Customer View of Virtual Machines

                 The above illustrates what a customer, ‘Mercury Themometers Inc’ in this case, will
                 see in the ‘VMs View’ of their portal. This view lists the individual VM’s included in
                 Mercury’s vCD environment and the protected status of each VM. For simplicity the
                 amount of protected bytes, or primary protected storage, is listed for each VM as well
                 as whether or not the VM is powered on or off within the vCD environment.

Design           One major design consideration for this solution was implementing a solution which
Considerations   provided a simple-to-use portal suitable for non-technical users. In addition to being
                 easy-to-use the portal had to provide automated discovery of any newly created
                 vApps and VMs in addition to self-service restoration and backup management.
                 Secure multitenancy to the back-end infrastructure was provided through the use of
                 authentication and access controls within the solution.

                 Once a customer creates a new VM or vApp through vCD it is automatically detected
                 and listed as ‘unprotected’ in the portal as illustrated below by ‘Uranus_VM12’:




                 Figure 7.   Automatic Detection of a newly added VM




                                                                              EMC Backup-as-a-Service     12
                                                                 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Once a vApp or VM is detected, protecting it is a simple matter of highlighting the VM
and clicking on the ‘Protect’ button as is illustrated below:




Figure 8.   Customer Protecting a Virtual Machine

Similarly, unprotecting a virtual machine is as easy selecting the VM to be
unprotected and clicking the ‘unProtect’ button as shown by the following figure:




Figure 9.   Customer Unprotecting a Virtual Machine

While this portal didn’t include an option to auto-protect newly added vApps and
VMs, it would be simple to implement that feature.




                                                            EMC Backup-as-a-Service      13
                                                EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
This solution also simplified the steps required to restore a VM, thereby enabling
                     customers to perform self-service recovery operations. To restore a VM, a customer
                     need only select that VM from the ‘VM’s View’, click on the ‘Restore’ button, and then
                     pick which of the backups should be restored. The following figure illustrates this:




                     Figure 10.   Customer Restoring a Virtual Machine


Orchestration tool   An orchestration tool allows you to define a workflow and the operations needed to
                     execute it on demand. For example, it can provision the server using Cisco UCS
                     Manager plug-ins, deploy the storage using automated processes, configure the
                     network, update CMDB, and provision the provider vDC and organization vDC.

                     There are various orchestration tools available to perform all or some of the
                     orchestration functions. Choosing an orchestrator depends on what functionality or
                     infrastructure integration is needed, existing systems, price, and other
                     considerations. For this use case, we focused on vCO.




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                                                                         EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
vCO uses an open and flexible plug-in architecture to automate provisioning and
operational tasks across both VMware and third-party applications, as shown in
Figure 11.




Figure 11.   VMware vCenter Orchestrator architecture

The process for developing a workflow involves a series of phases:
  1.    Provide general information about the workflow.
  2.    Create the input parameters.
  3.    Create the logical flow of the workflow by laying out and linking the schema.
  4.    Bind the input and output parameters of each element to workflow attributes,
        creating the necessary parameters and attributes as you define each element.
  5.    Create supporting scripts for scriptable tasks or custom decision elements.
  6.    Create the layout and behavior of the input parameters dialog box that the
        user sees when they run the workflow by creating the workflow presentation.
  7.    Validate the workflow.




                                                             EMC Backup-as-a-Service     15
                                                 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
An overview of this workflow is shown below.




Figure 12.   Example of designing a workflow using vCO

vCO PowerShell
The reference implementation also leveraged the vCenter Orchestrator Windows
PowerShell plug-in for simple and rapid prototyping. Windows PowerShell is a
command-line shell and scripting language designed for system administration, and
as such it has wide-spread industry support. There are PowerShell scripts already
written for many common tasks, and vCO users can easily use and reuse these
scripts.

The vCO PowerShell plug-in is used to call PowerShell scripts and commandlets
(cmdlets) from Orchestrator actions and workflows, and to work with the result. For
Avamar integration, the PowerShell script will use SSH to connect to the Avamar
server, run the MCCLI commands, and return the output.

PowerShell requires Windows to run, so we have a Windows machine with PowerShell
installed on it (PowerShell host). Connection between the PowerShell plug-in and
remote host machine is established using Secure Shell (SSH).

For this project, we used the SSH plug-in of vCO to create workflows that gather user
input and then call the underlying CLI commands and shell scripts. A production
implementation would also need to strictly enforce user authorization checks and
validate user input.




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                                                 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Reporting      For this solution none of the standard reports included with Avamar were used.
capabilities   Instead, the solution leveraged Avamar’s read-only ODBC interface to directly extract
               backup usage. After extracting it from Avamar the information was uploaded into the
               solution’s internal PostgreSQL database every few minutes. The portal then displayed
               the information as represented by the figure below. The billing model used by the
               solution was based purely on “primary protected” data which is the amount of actual
               disk capacity used by each protected virtual machine.




               Figure 13.   Sample reporting page




                                                                          EMC Backup-as-a-Service      17
                                                              EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
EMC Avamar
Overview     EMC Avamar provides scalable backup and restore capabilities with integrated data
             deduplication and support for multisite replication. It also supports multitenant
             implementations through the use of domains. Avamar deduplicates backup data
             across sites and servers to reduce total disk storage, making backup a cost-effective
             solution. Backup data can also be encrypted in-flight and at-rest for security and
             privacy reasons.

             With the release of Avamar 6.1, Change Block Tracking (CBT) support has been added
             for VMware client recoveries, in addition to the existing CBT backup support that was
             added in Avamar 5.0. Similarly, Avamar 6.1 included an automatic function to load-
             balance across multiple Avamar VMware proxies to simplify and speed-up VMware
             backups and recoveries.

             Figure 14 illustrates the Avamar Web administrative portal.




             Figure 14.   Standard Avamar administrative GUI

             This solution utilized the Avamar Virtual Edition (AVE) for testing and simulation
             purposes. This implementation was deployed as a virtual machine within VMware. It
             is intended for smaller deployments up to 2 TB but is functionally compatible with a
             full multinode Avamar grid deployment scaling to over 100 TB of deduplicated
             storage.




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                                                               EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Multitenant   Avamar provides “domains,” a built-in paradigm for segregating user data. This
support       Avamar management feature is not tied to Internet domains. Each domain is logically
              segregated within the Avamar system, with backup metadata for each client assigned
              and accessible via that domain. By utilizing domains and other actions within
              Avamar, a set of actions can be restricted to hosts, clients, and groups within a
              specific domain or sub-domain. By organizing clients within this hierarchy, it is
              possible to use Avamar’s built-in reporting capabilities (with some modifications) to
              generate status and statistical reports about backup related operations.

              When implementing user access controls in the service portal, each customer should
              be assigned a domain or sub-domain within the Avamar hierarchy. This hierarchy
              should be enforced on all backup calls placed by the user to the Avamar system
              through the portal.

              Whichever service portal is used to connect to the Avamar system, Console Command
              Line Interface (MCCLI) should be granted access to the appropriate levels of the
              Avamar hierarchy. This is how multitiered access controls could be implemented at
              both the service portal and Avamar levels if required for audit or compliance reasons.

CLI and API   Through the use of the Avamar Management MCCLI, service providers can provide
support       customized access to the backup, restore, configuration, and reporting aspects of
              Avamar without requiring direct access to the Avamar Management Console GUI
              (MCGUI). The MCGUI is a Java software application that can be installed on a
              Windows or Linux client.

              For this project, we utilized the vCO SSH plugin to create workflows that gather user
              input, connect to the AVE server, run the required MCCLI commands or shell scripts,
              and then return any output or error codes.

              One important aspect of implementing portal integration around Avamar MCCLI
              involves identity management and access controls. When the SSH plugin connects to
              the MCCLI application, it runs as a privileged Avamar administrator that can access
              any and all available commands. The commands are not run as the portal user. It is
              the responsibility of the portal code to validate the input and parse the returning
              MCCLI attributes to determine what information can be presented to the requesting
              individual.

              For example, if a tenant administrator requests to see all domains within the Avamar
              instance, the MCCLI request will return all domains – not just those that are within
              that tenant’s domain. It is the responsibility of the portal code to review and edit the
              values passed to and returned from the MCCLI, to validate what subset of domains
              the requesting user is permitted to see. It may also be necessary for the portal to
              make multiple MCCLI calls on behalf of a particular user to first determine what
              information they are permitted to see and then actually request that information. In
              this way, the portal, which is vCO in this solution, manages identities and their
              access to the Avamar environment.

              The following figure shows a workflow design in vCO.




                                                                            EMC Backup-as-a-Service      19
                                                               EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Figure 15.   Designing workflow in vCO

MCCLI examples
The following are two sample MCCLI commands. In these examples, “ROOT” is the
tenant’s top-level domain, which can be “/” for service provider administrators
creating a new tenant.

Example script using MCCLI to create a new domain:
/usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add –-domain=”${ROOT}”
–-location=”${NAME}” -–email=”${EMAIL}” -–contact=”${CONTACT}”
--name=”${DOMAIN}”

Example script using MCCLI to add a host to a domain:
/usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli client add
--location=”${LOCATION}” –contact=”{CONTACT}”
--domain=”${ROOT}${DOMAIN}” –name=”${HOST}”

The MCCLI returns errors, status codes, and messages on the execution of each
command. And the command output is also returned as shown in the following code
example:
# /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add --name="/cust001"
0,22527,Domain added.
Attribute Value




                                                         EMC Backup-as-a-Service      20
                                              EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
--------- --------------------------------------------------------
                  -----------------------
                  domain <appdircomponent contact="" domain="/" email="" id=""
                  name="cust001" phone=""/>
                  # echo $?
                  0
                  # /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add --name="/cust001"
                  1,22541,Domain already exists.
                  # echo $?
                  1

                  The error code and message numbers can be used to quickly parse and process the
                  output from each MCCLI command.

                  Only a few of the scripts included in this solution are provided here. Additional detail
                  and other sample scripts are available in the EMC White Paper titled: EMC Backup-as-
                  a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC Homebase.
                  Full documentation for configuring Avamar using MCCLI is provided in the Avamar
                  Management Console Command Line Interface (MCCLI) Programmer Guide.

Configuration     It is possible to directly access the Enterprise Management Server (EMS) or
database access   Management Console Server (MCS) databases in a read-only manner to provide direct
                  access to the Avamar configuration. Querying the database directly may allow more
                  customization of the service provider’s portal integration. The database views
                  exposed are documented in the Avamar Administration Guide.

Limitations and   One of the challenges involved in deploying Avamar in service provider environments
workarounds       is the requirement that each Avamar client should have a unique IP address with
                  which to communicate with the Avamar backup server. This unique IP address is
                  required to establish bi-directional communication between the backup client and
                  the Avamar server. A unique IP address is not required to backup the client. For more
                  details on how to architect solutions refer to the BRS white paper Creating Backup as
                  a Service (BaaS) Solutions Leveraging EMC Avamar as well as the product
                  documentation.




                                                                               EMC Backup-as-a-Service       21
                                                                  EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
Conclusion
Summary      This EMC Backup-as-a-Service solution provides service providers with a simple to
             use, integrated carrier-grade, scalable, multitenant backup service, which can easily
             and simply backup and restore vCloud Director environments.

             This solution also allows service providers to provide robust backup protection
             leveraging EMC Avamar which can:

               •   deduplicate data stored in virtual disks
               •   leverage Change Block Tracking (CBT) in VMware environments
               •   significantly reduce storage consumption
               •   enable replication of virtual disks across data center locations

             This solution provides a reference implementation for delivering backup services that
             leverage a service provider’s existing orchestration and portal infrastructure.

             EMC BaaS provides the reporting capabilities that customers demand, including
             backing up job status, restoring job status, and daily compressing rate reports.

Findings     We found the following key results during the testing of this solution:
               •   The EMC BaaS solution with EMC Avamar and VMware’s vCloud Director can
                   provide an extremely easy to use multitenant backup service on a service
                   provider cloud platform.
               •   The EMC BaaS solution with VMware vCloud Director and vCloud Orchestrator
                   can integrate Avamar with industry-leading orchestration and portal solutions.
               •   The EMC BaaS solution successfully backed up and restored a newly created
                   virtual machine in approximately 3 minutes.
               •   The backup and restore support of virtual machine image backups provided the
                   ability to restore the entire virtual machine as well as individual files and
                   folders.




                                                                          EMC Backup-as-a-Service     22
                                                              EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
References
White papers    For additional information, see the white papers listed below. EMC documents are
                available on the EMC online support website.
                  •   EMC Backup-as-a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC
                      Homebase
                  •   Compute-as-a-Service
                  •   Understanding EMC Avamar with EMC Data Protection Advisor — Applied
                      Technology
                  •   Applied Best Practices for Service Provider Billing

Product         For additional information, see the product documents listed below.
documentation     •   VMware vCloud Director Documentation (VMware.com)
                  •   VMware vSphere Documentation (VMware.com)
                  •   VMware vCenter Orchestrator Documentation (VMware.com)

                  •   Avamar 6.1 Management Console Command Line Interface (MCCLI) Programmer
                      Guide




                                                                            EMC Backup-as-a-Service     23
                                                                EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director

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White Paper: EMC Backup-as-a-Service

  • 1. White Paper EMC BACKUP-AS-A-SERVICE EMC Avamar, VMware vCloud Director, and VMware vCenter Orchestrator • Provide portal-based backup management • Deliver single click backup and restore for vCloud Director • Provide backup services for cloud and traditional hosted environments EMC Solutions Group Abstract This white paper provides information on using EMC® technology to create a portal based multitenant Backup-as-a-Service offering which is portal based and extremely easy to use. In addition, design considerations related to its implementation and how the required components are integrated are discussed. December 2012
  • 2. Copyright © 2012 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice. The information in this publication is provided “as is.” EMC Corporation makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. For the most up-to-date listing of EMC product names, see EMC Corporation Trademarks on EMC.com. All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Part Number H10508.1 EMC Backup-as-a-Service 2 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 3. Contents Executive summary....................................................................................................................... 4 Business case .......................................................................................................................... 4 Solution overview ..................................................................................................................... 4 Key results............................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6 Purpose................................................................................................................................... 6 Scope...................................................................................................................................... 6 Audience ................................................................................................................................. 6 Terminology ............................................................................................................................. 6 Backup-as-a-Service ..................................................................................................................... 7 Overview.................................................................................................................................. 7 Self-service portal..................................................................................................................... 7 Portal implementation .............................................................................................................. 8 Channel sales model .............................................................................................................. 10 Design Considerations ............................................................................................................ 12 Orchestration tool................................................................................................................... 14 vCO PowerShell.................................................................................................................. 16 Reporting capabilities ............................................................................................................. 17 EMC Avamar ............................................................................................................................... 18 Overview................................................................................................................................ 18 Multitenant support................................................................................................................ 19 CLI and API support ................................................................................................................ 19 MCCLI examples................................................................................................................. 20 Configuration database access ................................................................................................ 21 Limitations and workarounds .................................................................................................. 21 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 22 Summary ............................................................................................................................... 22 Findings................................................................................................................................. 22 References ................................................................................................................................. 23 White papers.......................................................................................................................... 23 Product documentation........................................................................................................... 23 EMC Backup-as-a-Service 3 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 4. Executive summary Business case Service providers face the challenge of providing easy to use backup solutions that integrate seamlessly with their hosted VMware vCloud Director (vCD) environments. Providing a simple portal-based graphical solution which allows their technical and non-technical vCD customers to easily backup and restore virtual machines is critical to the successful adoption of this type of offering. In addition, any portal-based Backup-as-a-Service (BaaS) solution of this type must integrate into existing orchestration and management infrastructures. Ideally, the integration of all the different systems must result in a single management interface for the customer’s and service provider’s administrators. Existing dedicated, standalone, disk-based or tape-based backup offerings don’t provide the ease of use or deep integration with vCD that customers require. Therefore the service provider must offer a Backup-as-a-Service solution which provides that ease of use and seamless integration with vCD. This BaaS solution provides service providers with the ability to offer backup services to all of their vCD customers, regardless of their technical abilities or vCD usage model. Solution overview This white paper describes a scalable backup solution for a VMware vCloud Director environment, including the backup components and associated proof-of-content portal and orchestration integration. This solution can be used to provide backup services for public or private cloud- based VMware vCloud Director environments. In addition, this solution can be used in the environments that are not provided as a service such as VMware’s vCloud Director environments within a single or multi-organizational enterprise. For this white paper, the service provider or enterprise components are co-located within one geographic data center environment. This white paper validates the integration of the solution’s components and provides broad guidelines about how this type of solution can be built and integrated into the service provider’s environment. Key solution components include: • EMC Avamar® 6.1 – Provides centralized and scalable backup environment with deduplication and replication capabilities. • VMware® vCenter™ Orchestrator™ – Provides an IT Process Automation engine that helps automate the cloud solution and integrate the VMware vCloud Suite with other orchestration systems. • VMware vCloud™ Director™ - Orchestrates the provisioning of software-defined datacenter services as complete virtual datacenters that are ready for consumption in a matter of minutes. • WaveMaker - Provides a rapid application development environment for building, maintaining and modernizing business-critical Web 2.0 applications. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 4 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 5. PostgreSQL – Provides a powerful, open source object-relational database system used for storing solution-specific information. Key results Backup-as-a-Service enables service providers to fundamentally change the way in which they provide backup services for customers who have purchased their hosted vCloud Director environments. By leveraging an in-house BaaS infrastructure that is integrated with vCloud Director, service providers can provide uniform data backup capabilities and offer differentiated offerings across their customer base. This solution demonstrates that BaaS: • Can provide a simple ‘one-click’ backup experience • Can be leveraged through direct or channel sales • Improves flexibility and simplifies application deployment • Enables users to focus on revenue generating activities and other projects instead of equipment logistics EMC Backup-as-a-Service 5 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 6. Introduction Purpose This white paper describes the architecture of an EMC BaaS solution based on EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director. It also discusses how service providers can leverage the BaaS framework to deploy backup services. This framework allows service providers to adapt their service portfolio to their customers’ dynamic business requirements. Scope The scope of this white paper is to demonstrate integration of Avamar and vCloud Director in a service provider environment. This solution presents a reference implementation of a portal-based channel BaaS offering that provides simple portal based configuration and recovery actions. In this white paper general configuration and operational procedures are outlined. However, for detailed product installation information, refer to the user documentation for those products. This white paper has been designed to contribute to, but not replace, other operational elements such as systems integration, customization, run books, maintenance, and support. If the need arises for operational guidance outside the scope of this paper, contact your EMC Global Services representative. Audience This white paper is intended for EMC employees, partners, and customers including IT planners, system architects and administrators, and any others involved in evaluating, acquiring, managing, operating, or designing a BaaS infrastructure environment leveraging EMC technologies. Throughout this white paper we assume that you have some familiarity with the concepts and operations related to backup and virtualization technologies, and their use in cloud and data center infrastructures. Terminology Table 1 defines some of the key terms used in this paper. Table 1. Terminology Term Definition Tenant A customer of compute/backup services. A service provider will have multiple tenants within their BaaS infrastructure. URL Uniform Resource Locator API Application Programming Interface CLI Command Line Interface MCCLI Management Console Command Line Interface MCGUI Avamar Management Console Graphical User Interface EMC Backup-as-a-Service 6 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 7. Backup-as-a-Service Overview Backup-as-a-Service (BaaS) uses cloud infrastructure to backup data to a shared, rather than dedicated, backup infrastructure. Service providers can offer BaaS to customers who need a flexible, on-demand backup infrastructure but prefer not to purchase, configure, or maintain it by themselves. This solution focuses on demonstrating how a service provider could provide an integrated and easy-to-use vCloud Director based BaaS offering for those customers looking for simplicity in their backup and recovery procedures. This solution focuses exclusively on a BaaS solution for channel and direct vCD environments unlike ESG’s previous Backup-as-a-Service offering, titled EMC Backup- as-a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC Homebase, which focused on providing a general BaaS solution. By focusing the solution more specifically, additional capabilities and functionality were able to be implemented. Fundamentally, as with any BaaS offering, this solution enables customers to consume cloud infrastructure in much the same manner as they consume electrical power. Users consume and pay for power without needing to understand or maintain the component devices and infrastructure required to provide the service. In a BaaS environment, customers can draw on the elastic resources that cloud infrastructure delivers and pay only for the backup service they consume. The BaaS environment typically consists of: • Hosted vCloud Director environments • Self-service portal • Secure multitenant-enabled shared infrastructure Self-service portal The integration of any as-a-Service offering by a service provider is a key part of their solution development and delivery mechanism. Only by integrating a new as-a- Service offering into their existing portal can they continue to offer their services in a cost-effective and scalable fashion. Allowing tenants to sign up for new services, change service levels, and perform basic tasks through a web-based portal is critical to maintaining scalability. In addition, some service providers want to use their portals not only for tenant access but also as the mechanism used by their staff to manage and administer the environment. Regardless, the ability to integrate any new as-a-Service offering into the provider’s existing environment is critical. The focus of this solution, developed as a proof-of-concept portal implementation, is to demonstrate the simplicity of an Avamar-based vCloud Director backup solution. Figure 1 provides a screen view of the customer virtual machine management page. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 7 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 8. Figure 1. PoC Customer Virtual Machine Management view VMware vCenter Orchestrator (vCO) was used as an orchestration tool along with VMware’s web portal to provide a proof-of-concept web-based portal implementation. This VMware-based solution is pictorially represented in all figures of this white paper. A web-based portal with underlying orchestration simplifies administration along with management, and thereby avoids requiring users to learn and use the full featured administrative consoles of the underlying applications. A web-based portal also allows service providers to limit and audit what functions are available for each user. The goal of this proof-of-concept was to demonstrate the functionality and usage of a portal. Portal For this use case, several different components were used: implementation 1. VMware vCenter Orchestrator was used, leveraging its graphic user interface (GUI) workflow. Each service provider will need to customize and integrate the command-line interface (CLI) and/or application programming interface (API) capabilities into their own service portal offering. In our solution vCO functioned as the broker between Avamar, vCloud Director, and the PostgreSQL database by using the following interfaces: − SSH calls to Avamar using its SSH plug-in − REST calls to VMware vCloud Director to get customer information − Database calls to PostgreSQL database to retrieve and/or modify database table information While our solution leveraged vCO for these calls, they could be done through (web) server side scripting (some DLLs if it is Microsoft-based, or some jar files if Java-based). In addition, the SSH calls could be done from the client side as well as through server side scripting. VMware vCEnter Orchestrator (vCO) is the central broker for the entire solution. For each customer it will access the database and retrieve customer EMC Backup-as-a-Service 8 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 9. information. Once retrieved from PostgreSQL it will request from vCD details on the all VMs associated with that customer and store the resulting information in the database. Then it will check the backup configuration of each customer and VM. For any newly added VMs, vCO will check to determine if ‘auto protect’ has been selected. If it has, the VM will need to be protected (backed up) automatically for the customer. vCO will then add the new VM to the customer’s Avamar domain and default backup schedule. Customers who did not select ‘auto protect’ for their VMs can manually protect their VMs by selecting ‘Protect’ in the portal. vCO is also integral to the billing information displayed by the portal. It retrieves, on a per-customer basis, the Primary Protected Bytes and Unique Bytes information from the Avamar database through SQL queries. Once retrieved this information is added to tables in the PostgreSQL database. 2. PostgreSQL Database was used to store distributor, reseller, and customer information. In addition, it was used as a repository for all the customer- specific information around VMs and backups retrieved from vCD and Avamar. By using PostgreSQL tables in this fashion, the WaveMaker portal development was simplified as the portal could display information from the tables with minimal formatting and filtering. 3. WaveMaker (aka Portal) was used to simplify and speed the development of the web portal portion of this solution. By leveraging WaveMaker’s capabilities it was possible to implement the web-portal in days instead of weeks or months. 4. Avamar Virtual Edition Server - To integrate Avamar, command shell scripts were created, which were used by vCO to execute (over SSH connections to the Avamar server) MCCLI commands. The exact integration and functionality provided is further discussed in subsequent sections. In addition, examples of scripts we used to enable the vCO workflows are shown later in this document. The orchestration capabilities used by this solution were modeled on the work done in the white paper titled EMC Backup-as-a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC HomeBase. An overview of the techniques and tools used will be provided here but for additional information and other examples please refer to that white paper. 5. VMware vCloud Director integration with a backup solution was the primary use-case for this solution. The solution made no changes to vCD and only accessed it through its RESTful interfaces. The communication and interdependencies between the components is illustrated in the following diagram: EMC Backup-as-a-Service 9 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 10. Figure 2. Component communication As the above diagram represents, vCO is the central orchestration component communicating with all the other components. Channel sales This solution implements a channel-based BaaS sales model in which the service model provider sells capacity to distributors. The solution was architected to illustrate how a channel-based BaaS solution might be designed and implemented. A three-tiered model was constructed based on this architecture. The first tier, referred to as the distributor tier, would purchase capacity from the service provider and, in turn, resell that capacity to distributors. These distributors would sell the backup capacity to customers who would either manage it themselves or have the distributor manage the backups for them. This is graphically represented in the following diagram: Figure 3. Hierarchical view of channel implementation EMC Backup-as-a-Service 10 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 11. The following figure illustrates the distributor view of the resellers purchasing backup capacity from them: Figure 4. Distributor Management View of Resellers The above illustrates the ‘Reseller View’ for the ‘Orographic Distributor Corp’ and lists the resellers Orographic is selling to along with their allocated and consumed space. The following figure illustrates the reseller view of their customers: Figure 5. Distributor Management View of Resellers Figure 5 illustrates the ‘Customer View’ for the ‘Nene Reseller Inc’ and lists the customers Nene is providing backup capacity to. This overview also details whether an individual customer is a managed customer and their total amount of Protected Bytes, also known as primary protected storage, as well as how much unique data each customer has. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 11 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 12. The following figure illustrates the customer’s view of the virtual machines and vApps in the vCD environment: Figure 6. Customer View of Virtual Machines The above illustrates what a customer, ‘Mercury Themometers Inc’ in this case, will see in the ‘VMs View’ of their portal. This view lists the individual VM’s included in Mercury’s vCD environment and the protected status of each VM. For simplicity the amount of protected bytes, or primary protected storage, is listed for each VM as well as whether or not the VM is powered on or off within the vCD environment. Design One major design consideration for this solution was implementing a solution which Considerations provided a simple-to-use portal suitable for non-technical users. In addition to being easy-to-use the portal had to provide automated discovery of any newly created vApps and VMs in addition to self-service restoration and backup management. Secure multitenancy to the back-end infrastructure was provided through the use of authentication and access controls within the solution. Once a customer creates a new VM or vApp through vCD it is automatically detected and listed as ‘unprotected’ in the portal as illustrated below by ‘Uranus_VM12’: Figure 7. Automatic Detection of a newly added VM EMC Backup-as-a-Service 12 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 13. Once a vApp or VM is detected, protecting it is a simple matter of highlighting the VM and clicking on the ‘Protect’ button as is illustrated below: Figure 8. Customer Protecting a Virtual Machine Similarly, unprotecting a virtual machine is as easy selecting the VM to be unprotected and clicking the ‘unProtect’ button as shown by the following figure: Figure 9. Customer Unprotecting a Virtual Machine While this portal didn’t include an option to auto-protect newly added vApps and VMs, it would be simple to implement that feature. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 13 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 14. This solution also simplified the steps required to restore a VM, thereby enabling customers to perform self-service recovery operations. To restore a VM, a customer need only select that VM from the ‘VM’s View’, click on the ‘Restore’ button, and then pick which of the backups should be restored. The following figure illustrates this: Figure 10. Customer Restoring a Virtual Machine Orchestration tool An orchestration tool allows you to define a workflow and the operations needed to execute it on demand. For example, it can provision the server using Cisco UCS Manager plug-ins, deploy the storage using automated processes, configure the network, update CMDB, and provision the provider vDC and organization vDC. There are various orchestration tools available to perform all or some of the orchestration functions. Choosing an orchestrator depends on what functionality or infrastructure integration is needed, existing systems, price, and other considerations. For this use case, we focused on vCO. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 14 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 15. vCO uses an open and flexible plug-in architecture to automate provisioning and operational tasks across both VMware and third-party applications, as shown in Figure 11. Figure 11. VMware vCenter Orchestrator architecture The process for developing a workflow involves a series of phases: 1. Provide general information about the workflow. 2. Create the input parameters. 3. Create the logical flow of the workflow by laying out and linking the schema. 4. Bind the input and output parameters of each element to workflow attributes, creating the necessary parameters and attributes as you define each element. 5. Create supporting scripts for scriptable tasks or custom decision elements. 6. Create the layout and behavior of the input parameters dialog box that the user sees when they run the workflow by creating the workflow presentation. 7. Validate the workflow. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 15 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 16. An overview of this workflow is shown below. Figure 12. Example of designing a workflow using vCO vCO PowerShell The reference implementation also leveraged the vCenter Orchestrator Windows PowerShell plug-in for simple and rapid prototyping. Windows PowerShell is a command-line shell and scripting language designed for system administration, and as such it has wide-spread industry support. There are PowerShell scripts already written for many common tasks, and vCO users can easily use and reuse these scripts. The vCO PowerShell plug-in is used to call PowerShell scripts and commandlets (cmdlets) from Orchestrator actions and workflows, and to work with the result. For Avamar integration, the PowerShell script will use SSH to connect to the Avamar server, run the MCCLI commands, and return the output. PowerShell requires Windows to run, so we have a Windows machine with PowerShell installed on it (PowerShell host). Connection between the PowerShell plug-in and remote host machine is established using Secure Shell (SSH). For this project, we used the SSH plug-in of vCO to create workflows that gather user input and then call the underlying CLI commands and shell scripts. A production implementation would also need to strictly enforce user authorization checks and validate user input. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 16 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 17. Reporting For this solution none of the standard reports included with Avamar were used. capabilities Instead, the solution leveraged Avamar’s read-only ODBC interface to directly extract backup usage. After extracting it from Avamar the information was uploaded into the solution’s internal PostgreSQL database every few minutes. The portal then displayed the information as represented by the figure below. The billing model used by the solution was based purely on “primary protected” data which is the amount of actual disk capacity used by each protected virtual machine. Figure 13. Sample reporting page EMC Backup-as-a-Service 17 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 18. EMC Avamar Overview EMC Avamar provides scalable backup and restore capabilities with integrated data deduplication and support for multisite replication. It also supports multitenant implementations through the use of domains. Avamar deduplicates backup data across sites and servers to reduce total disk storage, making backup a cost-effective solution. Backup data can also be encrypted in-flight and at-rest for security and privacy reasons. With the release of Avamar 6.1, Change Block Tracking (CBT) support has been added for VMware client recoveries, in addition to the existing CBT backup support that was added in Avamar 5.0. Similarly, Avamar 6.1 included an automatic function to load- balance across multiple Avamar VMware proxies to simplify and speed-up VMware backups and recoveries. Figure 14 illustrates the Avamar Web administrative portal. Figure 14. Standard Avamar administrative GUI This solution utilized the Avamar Virtual Edition (AVE) for testing and simulation purposes. This implementation was deployed as a virtual machine within VMware. It is intended for smaller deployments up to 2 TB but is functionally compatible with a full multinode Avamar grid deployment scaling to over 100 TB of deduplicated storage. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 18 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 19. Multitenant Avamar provides “domains,” a built-in paradigm for segregating user data. This support Avamar management feature is not tied to Internet domains. Each domain is logically segregated within the Avamar system, with backup metadata for each client assigned and accessible via that domain. By utilizing domains and other actions within Avamar, a set of actions can be restricted to hosts, clients, and groups within a specific domain or sub-domain. By organizing clients within this hierarchy, it is possible to use Avamar’s built-in reporting capabilities (with some modifications) to generate status and statistical reports about backup related operations. When implementing user access controls in the service portal, each customer should be assigned a domain or sub-domain within the Avamar hierarchy. This hierarchy should be enforced on all backup calls placed by the user to the Avamar system through the portal. Whichever service portal is used to connect to the Avamar system, Console Command Line Interface (MCCLI) should be granted access to the appropriate levels of the Avamar hierarchy. This is how multitiered access controls could be implemented at both the service portal and Avamar levels if required for audit or compliance reasons. CLI and API Through the use of the Avamar Management MCCLI, service providers can provide support customized access to the backup, restore, configuration, and reporting aspects of Avamar without requiring direct access to the Avamar Management Console GUI (MCGUI). The MCGUI is a Java software application that can be installed on a Windows or Linux client. For this project, we utilized the vCO SSH plugin to create workflows that gather user input, connect to the AVE server, run the required MCCLI commands or shell scripts, and then return any output or error codes. One important aspect of implementing portal integration around Avamar MCCLI involves identity management and access controls. When the SSH plugin connects to the MCCLI application, it runs as a privileged Avamar administrator that can access any and all available commands. The commands are not run as the portal user. It is the responsibility of the portal code to validate the input and parse the returning MCCLI attributes to determine what information can be presented to the requesting individual. For example, if a tenant administrator requests to see all domains within the Avamar instance, the MCCLI request will return all domains – not just those that are within that tenant’s domain. It is the responsibility of the portal code to review and edit the values passed to and returned from the MCCLI, to validate what subset of domains the requesting user is permitted to see. It may also be necessary for the portal to make multiple MCCLI calls on behalf of a particular user to first determine what information they are permitted to see and then actually request that information. In this way, the portal, which is vCO in this solution, manages identities and their access to the Avamar environment. The following figure shows a workflow design in vCO. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 19 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 20. Figure 15. Designing workflow in vCO MCCLI examples The following are two sample MCCLI commands. In these examples, “ROOT” is the tenant’s top-level domain, which can be “/” for service provider administrators creating a new tenant. Example script using MCCLI to create a new domain: /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add –-domain=”${ROOT}” –-location=”${NAME}” -–email=”${EMAIL}” -–contact=”${CONTACT}” --name=”${DOMAIN}” Example script using MCCLI to add a host to a domain: /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli client add --location=”${LOCATION}” –contact=”{CONTACT}” --domain=”${ROOT}${DOMAIN}” –name=”${HOST}” The MCCLI returns errors, status codes, and messages on the execution of each command. And the command output is also returned as shown in the following code example: # /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add --name="/cust001" 0,22527,Domain added. Attribute Value EMC Backup-as-a-Service 20 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 21. --------- -------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- domain <appdircomponent contact="" domain="/" email="" id="" name="cust001" phone=""/> # echo $? 0 # /usr/local/avamar/bin/mccli domain add --name="/cust001" 1,22541,Domain already exists. # echo $? 1 The error code and message numbers can be used to quickly parse and process the output from each MCCLI command. Only a few of the scripts included in this solution are provided here. Additional detail and other sample scripts are available in the EMC White Paper titled: EMC Backup-as- a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC Homebase. Full documentation for configuring Avamar using MCCLI is provided in the Avamar Management Console Command Line Interface (MCCLI) Programmer Guide. Configuration It is possible to directly access the Enterprise Management Server (EMS) or database access Management Console Server (MCS) databases in a read-only manner to provide direct access to the Avamar configuration. Querying the database directly may allow more customization of the service provider’s portal integration. The database views exposed are documented in the Avamar Administration Guide. Limitations and One of the challenges involved in deploying Avamar in service provider environments workarounds is the requirement that each Avamar client should have a unique IP address with which to communicate with the Avamar backup server. This unique IP address is required to establish bi-directional communication between the backup client and the Avamar server. A unique IP address is not required to backup the client. For more details on how to architect solutions refer to the BRS white paper Creating Backup as a Service (BaaS) Solutions Leveraging EMC Avamar as well as the product documentation. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 21 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 22. Conclusion Summary This EMC Backup-as-a-Service solution provides service providers with a simple to use, integrated carrier-grade, scalable, multitenant backup service, which can easily and simply backup and restore vCloud Director environments. This solution also allows service providers to provide robust backup protection leveraging EMC Avamar which can: • deduplicate data stored in virtual disks • leverage Change Block Tracking (CBT) in VMware environments • significantly reduce storage consumption • enable replication of virtual disks across data center locations This solution provides a reference implementation for delivering backup services that leverage a service provider’s existing orchestration and portal infrastructure. EMC BaaS provides the reporting capabilities that customers demand, including backing up job status, restoring job status, and daily compressing rate reports. Findings We found the following key results during the testing of this solution: • The EMC BaaS solution with EMC Avamar and VMware’s vCloud Director can provide an extremely easy to use multitenant backup service on a service provider cloud platform. • The EMC BaaS solution with VMware vCloud Director and vCloud Orchestrator can integrate Avamar with industry-leading orchestration and portal solutions. • The EMC BaaS solution successfully backed up and restored a newly created virtual machine in approximately 3 minutes. • The backup and restore support of virtual machine image backups provided the ability to restore the entire virtual machine as well as individual files and folders. EMC Backup-as-a-Service 22 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director
  • 23. References White papers For additional information, see the white papers listed below. EMC documents are available on the EMC online support website. • EMC Backup-as-a-Service: EMC Avamar, EMC Data Protection Advisor, and EMC Homebase • Compute-as-a-Service • Understanding EMC Avamar with EMC Data Protection Advisor — Applied Technology • Applied Best Practices for Service Provider Billing Product For additional information, see the product documents listed below. documentation • VMware vCloud Director Documentation (VMware.com) • VMware vSphere Documentation (VMware.com) • VMware vCenter Orchestrator Documentation (VMware.com) • Avamar 6.1 Management Console Command Line Interface (MCCLI) Programmer Guide EMC Backup-as-a-Service 23 EMC Avamar and VMware vCloud Director