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Introduction
An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used
to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an
information processing system(such as a computer) to the outside
world.
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What are Printers.....?
Printer are the most commonly used output devices that
provides the user with a permanent visual record of the
output data in human readable form known as hard copy.
They can print on plain paper or on specially prepared
forms such as invoices, labels, bills, checks and other
special purpose forms used in business. Their are several
types of printers designed for wide range of application.
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Impact Printers
Impact printer produces text and images when tiny wire pins on
print head strike the ink ribbon by physically contacting the
paper.
Non Impact Printers
Non-impact printer produces text and graphics on paper
without actually striking the paper.
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Impact vs. Non-impact
Impact - These printers have a mechanism that touches the paper in order to
create an image. There are two main impact technologies:
Dot matrix printers use a series of small pins to strike a ribbon coated
with ink,
Character They have a series of bars with actual characters (letters and
numbers) embossed on the surface .
Non-impact - These printers do not touch the paper when creating an image.
Inkjet printers, which are described in this article, use a series of nozzles
to spray drops of ink directly on the paper.
Laser printers, covered in-depth in How Laser Printers Work, use dry
ink (toner), static electricity, and heat to place.
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Types of Impact
Impact Printer’sImpact Printer’s
 Dot-matrix printer
 Drum printer
 Chain printer
 Daisy Wheel
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Dot-Matrix
Dot MatrixDot Matrix refers to the way the printer creates characters or
images on paper. This is done by several tiny pins, aligned in a
column, striking an ink ribbon positioned between the pins and the
paper, creating dots on the paper. Characters are composed of
patterns of these dots by moving the printhead laterally across the
page in very small increments.
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Advantages
Versatile
Print letters in italics or bold
Relatively inexpensive
Used to print carbon copies
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Drum Printer
An old line printer technology that used formed character images
around a cylindrical drum as its printing mechanism. When the
desired character for the selected position rotated around to the
hammer line, the hammer hit the paper from behind and pushed it
into the ribbon and onto the character.
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Chain Printers
An early line printer that used type slugs linked together in a
chain as its printing mechanism. The chain spins horizontally
around a set of hammers. When the desired character is in front
of the selected print column, the corresponding hammer hits the
paper into the ribbon and onto the character in the chain. Chain
and train printers gave way to band printers in the early 1980s.
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Daisy Wheel Printers
Daisy wheel printers use an impact printing technology invented in
1969 by David S. Lee at Diablo Data Systems. It uses interchangeable
pre-formed type elements, each with 96 glyphs, to generate high-
quality output comparable to premium typewriters such as the IBM
"Golfball" Selectric, but three times faster. Daisyand-wheel printing
was used in electronic typewriters, word processors and computer
systems from 1972.
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Electrostatic Printers
printers use a special photographic paper that allows
characters to be etched onto the paper using a stylus. The stylus,
made up of tiny wires, forms characters by placing an
electrostatic charged image on the paper. Then, as the paper is
moved through a toner solution containing ink particles, the ink
adheres to the charges that form a pattern on the paper to
develop the character. This type of printer can be used for both
printing and plotting (displaying graphic output), and can print up
to 5,000 lines per minute
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Types of Non Impact Printers
Non Impact Printer’s
 Inkjet printers
 Laser printers
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Inkjet Printer
Inkjet printers are non-impact printers which print text and images
by spraying tiny droplets of liquid ink onto paper. They are the
most popular printers for home use.
The inkjet head design is also divided into two main groups: fixed-
head and disposable head. Fixed-head is built into the printer and
should last for the whole life of the printer. It produces more
accurate output than cheap disposable head. The ink cartridges for
fixed head printers are also cheaper as the print head does not
need to be replaced. However, if the head is damaged, the entire
printer has to be replaced.
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Inside an Inkjet Printer.
 Print head.
 Ink Cartridges.
 Stepper motor
 Belt.
 Rollers.
 Control Circuit.
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Laser Printer
Laser printers are non-impact printers which can print
text and images in high speed and high quality
resolution, ranging from 600 to 1200 dpi.
Unlike inkjet printers, laser printer use toner (black or
colored powder) instead of liquid inks
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