A presentation giving an overview of common and proper nouns, when to capitalise them and how to make plural with an emphasis on the rules for irregular plurals.

1. NOUNS
Correctly using nouns as a the subject of a sentence.

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
 By the end of this lesson students should be able
to:
 Use plural and singular nouns.
 Recognise and identify the noun in a sentence.
 Identify the parts of a sentence.
 Increase vocabulary.
 Use capital letters for the correct noun type.

3. WHAT IS A NOUN?
 A noun is a person, a place, a thing, an idea or a
concept.
 Person: the postman, a teacher, Tom, a
neighbour.
 Place: a village, England, Hubli, a street, a park.
 Thing: a box, a banana, a computer.
 Idea or concept: beauty, information,
importance.

4.  The subject of a sentence is always a noun:
 Children play
 Students studied

5. COMMON AND PROPER NOUNS
 A noun is a person, place, or thing
 Common Nouns
 A general word used to name a person, animal, place,
thing, or abstract idea.
 Ex. teacher, bottle, boy, computer, hope, love, city
 Proper Nouns
 Proper nouns are the names of specific things, people, or
places. They always begin with a capital letter.
 Examples include days of the week, months, historical
documents, institutions, organizations, religions, their hold
texts and their adherents are proper nouns.
 Ex. Hubli, Joseph, Christian, Friday, Coca- Cola

6. POSSESSIVE NOUNS
 In the possessive case, a noun or pronoun
changes its form to show that it owns or is
closely related to something else.
 When a noun does not end in with an “s,” the
possessive is formed with an apostrophe “s.”
 The bus driver’s seat was worn.
 David’s hair was brown.
 When a noun does end with an “s,” simply add
an apostrophe.
 The bus’ seats were worn.
 James’ hair was brown.

7. WHICH NOUNS SHOULD BE CAPITALIZED/
OR SHOW POSSESSION?
1. The telephone company suspended babus account.
 The telephone company suspended Babu’s account.
2. The doctor said that he bought his honda in japan last
february.
 The doctor said that he bought his Honda in Japan last
February.
3. My son, david, has many books, but his favorite is
gullivers travels.
 My son, David, has many books, but his favorite is Gulliver’s
Travels.

8. SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS
 Nouns can be singular (there is one thing):
 My chair is near the window.
 Or they can be plural (there is more than one
thing):
 There are enough chairs in the classroom.

9. IRREGULAR PLURALS
 Plural nouns usually end in ‘s’, but are sometimes
irregular:
 Woman - women
 Child - children
 Person- people
 Man- men
 Myself – ourselves

10. PAIR WORK ACTIVITY
 Write a list of 5 singular nouns
 Swap lists with your partner, and make the nouns
plural.

11. POSTCARD ACTIVITY

12. ANY QUESTIONS SO FAR?
 Singular
 Plural
 Possessive

13. CLASS ACTIVITY
Person Place Thing Concepts/i
deas
In your groups, you have 30 seconds per
column to write as many nouns which are in
that category as possible. (2 minutes in total!)

14. 5 RULES
 Rule 1: To change a singular form of a word to a
plural we usually just add s to the end of the word.
E.g. girl/girls, shoe/shoes, bangle/bangles
 Rule 2:If the singular form of the word ends in ss,
 X, zz, ch or sh, then add es on the end of the word
to make its plural form.
 E.g. Box boxes
Church churches

15.  Rule 3: If the singular form of the vowel ends in y,
but is preceded by a vowel, then for the plural add
s. E.g. boy/boys, tray/trays,
 Rule 4: If the singular form of the verb ends in y and
the preceding letter is a consonant, replace y with i
and add ies to the end. E.g. baby/babies, city/cities,
country/countries.
 Rule 5: If the singular form of the letter ends with f,
or fe, to make the plural you take the v and add
ves, e.g. leaf/leaves, knife/knives.

16. SOME EXCEPTIONS
Singular Plural
half halves
fish fish
sheep sheep
goose geese
fly flies
ox oxen
mouse mice
foot feet
church churches

17. SINGULAR (1) PLURAL (+1)

18. QUIZ
 Please go to:
 http://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/topic/nouns
 Click Entry 3 Quiz, then complete level C.

19. WRITING ACTIVITY
 Write 1 paragraph about your favourite thing. This
can be a person, place, object or idea.
 Try to include. Singular, plural and possessives in
your writing.
 After this, cross out all of the nouns.
 See how nouns are a very important part of the
sentence, and commonly occurring.

20. SUMMARY
 A noun is a person, place, thing, idea or concept.
 The subject of a sentence is always a noun.
 Nouns can be singular and plural.
 Capital letters for proper nouns.
 ‘s for possessives: e.g. Lindsey’s, Wednesday’s,
the cat’s, if the noun ends in s, then it is Jesus’.