 ‘We can create a more sustainable, cleaner
and safer world by making wiser energy
choices.’ Robert ALAN
 Energy efficiency is fastest, most cost effective
remedy to satisfy both power needs and
environmental quality concerns.
 Renewable energy and clean distributed
generation provide cleaner energy that reduce
stresses on the electricity grid.

 Energy efficiency increases reliability and supply
 ‘Energy efficiency and renewable energy are said
to be the twin pillars of sustainable energy
policy’*
The Twin Pillars of Sustainable Energy: Synergies between Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technology and
Policy". Aceee.org.
 Energy efficiency is a key requirement for
poverty reduction and sustainable development
•Efficient energy use is essential to
slowing the energy demand growth; clean
energy supplies can make deep cuts in
fossil fuel use
ENERGY EFFICIENCY HELPS ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

Environmental Kuznets Curve
 The composition of economic activity influences
environmental quality.
 Income grows, the structure of economy tends to change and
gradually increases cleaner activities that produce less
pollution.
 The share of industry in GDP first rises with economic growth
and then declines as the country moves from the pre-industrial

• The process of removing carbon from the
atmosphere and depositing it in a reservoir and
the primary goal was to keep global warming.
• Allow the use of fossil energy to continue, while
buying time to make the transition to other
energy sources.
• CO2 The two basic sequestration options
examined were pumping CO2 into the deep
ocean and injecting it into underground
geological formations.
Geological and Oceanic Storage; ocean and
atmosphere are constantly exchanging

Carbon capturing artificial “trees” would be needed for tens of thousands of

GHG EMISSIONS INCREASING 60
PERCENT BY 2025!
Projected U.S. carbon emissions by sector and fuel, 1990-2025 (million metric
tons)
Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2004 with Projections to 2025, January 2004

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1990 2002 2010 2020
Quadrillion
BTUs
USA
Western
Europe
Source: Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration
China
India
Rest of
the world
Forecast

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2001-2005 2006-2010 2011-2015 2016-2020 2021-2025
Coal
Renewables
Source: Department of Energy, Annual Energy Outlook 2005
Giga-
watts
Natural
Gas

Electricity Generation by fuel in EU 25 from 1995 to
2030
The European Environment Agency (EEA)

World Electricity Generation by fuel from 2006 to
2030
Energy Information Administration, Energy Demand Outlook 2006 with Projections to 2030

•A sustainable energy economy requires
major commitments to both efficiency and
renewables.•Including all renewable energy sources;
hydroelectricity, solar energy, wind
energy, wave power, geothermal
energy, bioenergy, and tidal power.
•Making the transition to a more sustainable
energy future!

Improve Energy
Efficiency
Increase fuel efficiency
standars for vehicles,
buildings and
appliances.
Offer tax credits for
investments in
efficiency.
Encourage independent
power producers.
Increase efficiency
research and
development.
Renewable Energy
Increase renewable
energy to % 40 by 2020.
Encourage government
purchase of renewable
energy devices.
Increase renewable
energy research and
development.
Use full cost of
accounting and least
cost analysis for
comparing all energy
alternatives.
Reduce Pollution
Cut Coal use %50 by
2020.
Levy Taxes on coal and
oil use.
Phase out nuclear
power or put it on hold
by 2020.
Phase out nuclear
power subsidies.

 China will maintain its increasing
demand for oil, coal and gas, and
faces a number of challenges in
improving its energy efficiency levels
 67% of the total primary energy
consumption is coal*
 China is in the middle stage of
industrialization
 As a developing country, the Chinese
Government has attached high
importance to the climate change
issue
 recent developments in US-China
clean energy diplomacy
 expect future enhancement of EU-
China dialogue on climate change
U.S. Energy Information Administration

CONCLUDING REMARKS
 Large investment in renewable energy is
necessary and predictable policy regime is
required.
 General understanding of the world energy
situation needs to be promoted.
 Energy efficiency is also cost-effective
opportunity to reduce global greenhouse gas
emissions.
 Carbon capture and storage may have potential,
at least for addressing part of the problem BUT it
leaves many environmental problems associated
with burning coal unaddressed and may not 16

Under the 12th Five Year Plan (2011-2015), China will continue to raise its
investment across a number of green energy sectorsSafe utilization of nuclear power; improving plant
performance, and construction.
Clean coal technologies
 Transportation industries; ‘new fuels, fiscal an
financial incentives’
‘
Renewable power