The document discusses jaguar (Panthera onca) research in Costa Rica, specifically in the Osa Peninsula region. It describes long-term monitoring of jaguars and their prey like white-lipped peccaries and marine turtles that began in 1990. The research aimed to document jaguar movements and activities in relation to their major prey. Results showed jaguars relied heavily on white-lipped peccaries but also took marine turtles and other species. A 2003 camera trap survey estimated the jaguar population in Corcovado National Park to be between 40 to 50 individuals. The research provides important baseline data on jaguar ecology in Costa Rica.

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2. Jaguars (Pantheraonca) in Costa Rica. Eduardo Carrillo, PhD ecarrilloj@gmail.com 9:24 AM 2

3. 9:24 AM 3 Where is Costa Rica ???? 3

4. Costa Rica is known for its efforts in create Protected Areas for Conservation

5. 9:24 AM 5 However, to protect an area is not enough !!

6. To generate information about the resources in the area (base line studies). 9:24 AM 6

7. Long term monitoring of the natural resources (using indicator species??). 9:24 AM 7

8. We began our studies in OSA in 1990.

9. Jaguar (Panthera onca) 9:24 AM 9

10. White-lipped peccary(Tayassu pecari) 9:24 AM 10

11. Threats Habitat loss

12. Threats Jaguar – people conflict

13. Threats Jaguar ‘s poaching

14. Threats Poaching of Jaguar’s preys

15. So.... What did we do ??. We wanted to answer some questions:What was the jaguar’s movements and activities patterns?What was the predator prey relationship? 9:24 AM 15

16. 20 Km 20 Km Corcovado National Park GolfoDulce Forest Reserve PiedrasBlancas National Park Reserva indígena Guaymí Golfito Wildlife Refuge 9:24 AM 16

17. Corcovado National Park 9:24 AM 17

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21. Objective To document the spatial and temporal movements of a jaguar in relation to the behavior of its major prey.

22. Some questions… What was the importance of marine turtles for jaguars? How were jaguars using marine turtles and White-lipped peccaries?

23. Methodology

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25. Tortugas marinas 9:24 AM 25

26. (3-7 days/month) Beach surveyslocation mapbeach photo(frequency of surveys)

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31. Results

32. Photo of turtle on the beach Marine turtles

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35. Home range sizes (km2) of white-lipped peccaries Season N Mean Range _____________________________Dry 3 33.5 30.2-37.0Wet 3 32.8 30.8-35.5Both 3 35.3 32.0-37.8_______________________________________

38. Jaguar photo Jaguars

39. Proportion of 18 jaguar scats with remains of specific prey White-lipped peccary 0.88 Collaredpeccary 0.37 Two toed-sloth 0.22 Three toed-sloth 0.11 Olive ridley turtle 0.11 White-faced monkey 0.05 Agouti 0.05 Toucan 0.05

40. No. of jaguar prey located by telemetry Species N ___________________________________________________________________ Olive ridley turtle 14 Pacific green turtle 2 White-lipped peccary 4 Red snapper (fish) 1 American crocodile 1

41. Home range sizes (km2) of jaguars Season Moon phase Mean Range _____________________________________ Dry All 18.0 15.0-20.6 Wet All 19.9 18.2-22.3 Both First/Full 16.8 13.3-20.2 Both Last/New 12.5 9.2-15.7 Both All 20.6 19.0-23.0

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44. Some new questions… What is the jaguar population in Corcovado National Park? 9:24 AM 44

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46. We set up a camera trap survey in Corcovado National Park in 2003. 9:24 AM 46

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50. We estimated the jaguar population in Corcovado National Park between 40 to 50 animals. 9:24 AM 50

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55. NICARAGUA Costa Rica PANAMA 9:24 AM 55

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61. Thanks!! Eduardo Carrillo, PhD. ecarrilloj@gmail.com 9:24 AM 61