SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 14
Edward Jenner
Gopisankar.M.G.
2008 MBBS
Edward Jenner(1749-1823)
 Pioneer of small
pox vaccine
 Father of
immunology
life of Jenner….
 Born on 17th
May 1749(Berkeley)
 From the age of 14yrs ,trained as
apprentice to Daniel Ludlow, a surgeon
 In 1770-worked under surgeon John
Hunter at St.George’s hospital.
 Returned to Berkeley in 1773,practised
as GP & surgeon.
 Edward Jenner died of stroke at the age
of 73, on 26 January 1823
Small pox
 Disease goes
through stages of
macules ,papules,
vesicles,pustules
over the skin.
 Severe forms-
hemorrhagic
 Greatly feared disease for thousands of years
 Caused by Variola virus
 1/3rd
of the patients died
 Survivors –badly disfigured
 10 yrs before eradication ,the disease was
present in 44 countries, with a global incidence
of around 10 million cases annually !!!
Jenner Vs Pox
 Jenner’s initial theory-
The initial source of infection was a disease of
horses, called "the grease", and that this was
transferred to cows by farm workers,
transformed, and then manifested as cowpox.
 He noted-Milkmaids don't generally get small
pox
 He theorized it-pus in the blisters which
milkmaids received from cowpox (a disease
similar to smallpox, but much less virulent)
protected the milkmaids from smallpox.
 On 14 May 1796,
 Inoculated James Phipps, a young boy of 8
years (the son of Jenner's gardener), with
material from the cowpox blisters of the hand of
Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid who had caught
cowpox from a cow called Blossom
 produced a fever and some uneasiness but no
great illness
 Injected Phipps with variolous material –No
disease followed
 Again challenged with variolous material-but no
sign of infection
Why Jenner was successful??
 Not only inoculated cowpox ,but also
proved that they are immune to small
pox
 Demonstrated that the protective
cowpox could be effectively inoculated
from person to person, not just directly
from cattle.
 He tested his theory on a series of 23
subjects. This aspect of his research
method increased the validity of his
evidence.
 He continued his research and reported it
to the Royal Society, who did not publish
the initial report.
 After improvement and further work, he
published a report of twenty-three cases
 In 1803 in London he became involved
with the Jennerian Institution, a society
concerned with promoting vaccination to
eradicate smallpox.
Post- Jenner era
 17 yrs after his death(1840), British
government banned variolation ( the
use of smallpox itself)  and provided
vaccination (using cowpox )free of
charge.
 In 1976,Global eradication programme
of Smallpox –initiated by WHO.
 After 10 years-disease was wiped out ,
 .
 Last stock is in – USA and Russia
 They were to be destroyed by June 30 ,
1999.
 But fears of the possible use of small pox
in bioterrorism led to an indefinite
extension of the deadline.
 Whole world was certified “small pox free
area” in October 1979.

Formally declared by WHO in 8th
May
1980
Remembering the great man…..
-Jenner's house is now a small museum
housing among other things the horns of
the cow, Blossom (Berkeley).
-Near the small Gloucestershire village of
Uley, Downham Hill is locally known as
'Smallpox Hill', with a possible connection
to Jenner's local work with the disease.
 A statue was erected
in Trafalgar Square,
later moved to
Kensington Gardens.

Edward Jenner: Pioneer of Smallpox Vaccine

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming Marcia
 
Introduction to microbiology
Introduction to microbiologyIntroduction to microbiology
Introduction to microbiologyAshfaq Ahmad
 
Joseph Lister Presentation
Joseph Lister PresentationJoseph Lister Presentation
Joseph Lister Presentationthatpho
 
History of microbiology
History of microbiologyHistory of microbiology
History of microbiologyShahasad Shaz
 
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to Science
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to ScienceLouis Pasteur - Contributions to Science
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to ScienceDhanya K C
 
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem Beijerinck
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem BeijerinckMicrobiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem Beijerinck
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem BeijerinckSt Mary's College,Thrissur,Kerala
 
Golden age of microbiology
Golden age of microbiology Golden age of microbiology
Golden age of microbiology kessiyaTpeter
 
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENTOFMEDICAL MICROBIOLOGYHISTORY & DEVELOPMENTOFMEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGYSaajida Sultaana
 
Antoine van leeuwenhoek
Antoine van leeuwenhoekAntoine van leeuwenhoek
Antoine van leeuwenhoekBeulahJayarani
 
Host pathogen interactions
Host pathogen interactionsHost pathogen interactions
Host pathogen interactionsthuphan95
 
Industrial microbiology
Industrial microbiologyIndustrial microbiology
Industrial microbiologyanjusha suki
 
1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiology1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiologyUiTM Jasin
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming
 
History of microbiology
History of microbiologyHistory of microbiology
History of microbiology
 
Introduction to microbiology
Introduction to microbiologyIntroduction to microbiology
Introduction to microbiology
 
Joseph Lister Presentation
Joseph Lister PresentationJoseph Lister Presentation
Joseph Lister Presentation
 
History of microbiology
History of microbiologyHistory of microbiology
History of microbiology
 
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to Science
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to ScienceLouis Pasteur - Contributions to Science
Louis Pasteur - Contributions to Science
 
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem Beijerinck
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem BeijerinckMicrobiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem Beijerinck
Microbiology:Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky And Martinus Willem Beijerinck
 
1 history of microbiology
1 history of microbiology1 history of microbiology
1 history of microbiology
 
Golden age of microbiology
Golden age of microbiology Golden age of microbiology
Golden age of microbiology
 
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENTOFMEDICAL MICROBIOLOGYHISTORY & DEVELOPMENTOFMEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
 
Contributions of louis Pasteur
Contributions of louis PasteurContributions of louis Pasteur
Contributions of louis Pasteur
 
Antoine van leeuwenhoek
Antoine van leeuwenhoekAntoine van leeuwenhoek
Antoine van leeuwenhoek
 
Medical microbiology
Medical microbiologyMedical microbiology
Medical microbiology
 
MicrobiologyAn Introduction to Robert Koch
MicrobiologyAn Introduction to Robert KochMicrobiologyAn Introduction to Robert Koch
MicrobiologyAn Introduction to Robert Koch
 
History of microbiology
History of microbiologyHistory of microbiology
History of microbiology
 
POXVIRUSES.ppt
POXVIRUSES.pptPOXVIRUSES.ppt
POXVIRUSES.ppt
 
Host pathogen interactions
Host pathogen interactionsHost pathogen interactions
Host pathogen interactions
 
Microbial pathogenicity
Microbial pathogenicityMicrobial pathogenicity
Microbial pathogenicity
 
Industrial microbiology
Industrial microbiologyIndustrial microbiology
Industrial microbiology
 
1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiology1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiology
 

Andere mochten auch

Andere mochten auch (20)

Jenner And Smallpox
Jenner And SmallpoxJenner And Smallpox
Jenner And Smallpox
 
Edward jenner
Edward jennerEdward jenner
Edward jenner
 
Jenner
JennerJenner
Jenner
 
The discovery of vaccination
The discovery of vaccinationThe discovery of vaccination
The discovery of vaccination
 
Jenner and disease
Jenner and diseaseJenner and disease
Jenner and disease
 
Alexander fleming
Alexander flemingAlexander fleming
Alexander fleming
 
Louis Pasteur
Louis PasteurLouis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
 
A descoberta da vacina
A descoberta da vacinaA descoberta da vacina
A descoberta da vacina
 
Robert hooke
Robert hookeRobert hooke
Robert hooke
 
Louis Pasteur
Louis PasteurLouis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
 
Rosalind elsie franklin
Rosalind elsie franklinRosalind elsie franklin
Rosalind elsie franklin
 
Robert Koch
Robert KochRobert Koch
Robert Koch
 
Fleming
FlemingFleming
Fleming
 
Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke
 
Robert Koch
Robert KochRobert Koch
Robert Koch
 
Louis Pasteur
Louis PasteurLouis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
 
Pure culture techniques
Pure culture techniquesPure culture techniques
Pure culture techniques
 
Louis pasteur - Hechos más importantes
Louis pasteur - Hechos más importantesLouis pasteur - Hechos más importantes
Louis pasteur - Hechos más importantes
 
Robert Hooke
Robert HookeRobert Hooke
Robert Hooke
 
Robert hooke
Robert hookeRobert hooke
Robert hooke
 

Ähnlich wie Edward Jenner: Pioneer of Smallpox Vaccine

Smallpox vaccine
Smallpox vaccineSmallpox vaccine
Smallpox vaccineHuMnTrn
 
Physicians that changed our world
Physicians that changed our worldPhysicians that changed our world
Physicians that changed our worldlolaceituno
 
History of epidemiology
History of epidemiologyHistory of epidemiology
History of epidemiologyImroseRashid
 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptx
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptxHISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptx
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptxakshyhari
 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.Amisav
 
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptx
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptxContribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptx
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptxAbhiChaudhary33
 
Introduction to microbiology
Introduction  to microbiologyIntroduction  to microbiology
Introduction to microbiologyKHyati CHaudhari
 
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220abdalwhabshams
 
History of Microbiology.ppt
History of Microbiology.pptHistory of Microbiology.ppt
History of Microbiology.pptAbiramiAzhagesan
 
Introduction Microbiology
Introduction MicrobiologyIntroduction Microbiology
Introduction Microbiologydeepak deshkar
 
Vaccination history
Vaccination historyVaccination history
Vaccination historyJohn Bergman
 
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).pptFekaduDagnaw2
 
History of Microbiology by Tahaa Saeed
History of Microbiology by Tahaa SaeedHistory of Microbiology by Tahaa Saeed
History of Microbiology by Tahaa SaeedTahaaSaeed
 

Ähnlich wie Edward Jenner: Pioneer of Smallpox Vaccine (20)

Smallpox vaccine
Smallpox vaccineSmallpox vaccine
Smallpox vaccine
 
Jenner and disease
Jenner and diseaseJenner and disease
Jenner and disease
 
Edward Jenner
Edward JennerEdward Jenner
Edward Jenner
 
Physicians that changed our world
Physicians that changed our worldPhysicians that changed our world
Physicians that changed our world
 
History of epidemiology
History of epidemiologyHistory of epidemiology
History of epidemiology
 
History of virology
History of virologyHistory of virology
History of virology
 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptx
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptxHISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptx
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.pptx
 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGY.
 
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptx
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptxContribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptx
Contribution of various scientist in public health [Autosaved].pptx
 
Introduction to microbiology
Introduction  to microbiologyIntroduction  to microbiology
Introduction to microbiology
 
History of Small Pox
History of Small PoxHistory of Small Pox
History of Small Pox
 
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220
Virology Lecture 1.pdf12232134443213443220
 
History of Microbiology.ppt
History of Microbiology.pptHistory of Microbiology.ppt
History of Microbiology.ppt
 
Introduction Microbiology
Introduction MicrobiologyIntroduction Microbiology
Introduction Microbiology
 
The science of virology
The science of virologyThe science of virology
The science of virology
 
Smallpox4 27
Smallpox4 27Smallpox4 27
Smallpox4 27
 
Vaccination history
Vaccination historyVaccination history
Vaccination history
 
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt
404330_Introduction to Microbiology (1).ppt
 
History of Microbiology by Tahaa Saeed
History of Microbiology by Tahaa SaeedHistory of Microbiology by Tahaa Saeed
History of Microbiology by Tahaa Saeed
 
Introduction to Immunology
Introduction to ImmunologyIntroduction to Immunology
Introduction to Immunology
 

Mehr von Gopi sankar

Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"
Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"
Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"Gopi sankar
 
Oncolytic virotherapy
Oncolytic virotherapy Oncolytic virotherapy
Oncolytic virotherapy Gopi sankar
 
Menstrual cycle & abnormalities
Menstrual cycle & abnormalitiesMenstrual cycle & abnormalities
Menstrual cycle & abnormalitiesGopi sankar
 
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemiaIron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemiaGopi sankar
 
Liver disease in pregnancy
Liver disease in pregnancyLiver disease in pregnancy
Liver disease in pregnancyGopi sankar
 
Medical mycology 2
Medical mycology 2Medical mycology 2
Medical mycology 2Gopi sankar
 
Medical mycology
Medical mycologyMedical mycology
Medical mycologyGopi sankar
 
Kyasanur forest disease
Kyasanur forest diseaseKyasanur forest disease
Kyasanur forest diseaseGopi sankar
 
General examination
General examinationGeneral examination
General examinationGopi sankar
 

Mehr von Gopi sankar (20)

Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"
Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"
Debate on " Whether clinical trials in developing countries are expolitative?"
 
Oncolytic virotherapy
Oncolytic virotherapy Oncolytic virotherapy
Oncolytic virotherapy
 
Sulfasalazine
SulfasalazineSulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine
 
Methotrexate
MethotrexateMethotrexate
Methotrexate
 
DNA extraction
DNA extractionDNA extraction
DNA extraction
 
Menstrual cycle & abnormalities
Menstrual cycle & abnormalitiesMenstrual cycle & abnormalities
Menstrual cycle & abnormalities
 
Manstrual cycle
Manstrual cycleManstrual cycle
Manstrual cycle
 
Mcq
McqMcq
Mcq
 
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemiaIron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia
 
Liver disease in pregnancy
Liver disease in pregnancyLiver disease in pregnancy
Liver disease in pregnancy
 
Medical mycology 2
Medical mycology 2Medical mycology 2
Medical mycology 2
 
Medical mycology
Medical mycologyMedical mycology
Medical mycology
 
.Newborn
.Newborn.Newborn
.Newborn
 
Bells palsy
Bells palsyBells palsy
Bells palsy
 
Kyasanur forest disease
Kyasanur forest diseaseKyasanur forest disease
Kyasanur forest disease
 
Cardiac poisons
Cardiac poisonsCardiac poisons
Cardiac poisons
 
Spinal poisons
Spinal poisonsSpinal poisons
Spinal poisons
 
General examination
General examinationGeneral examination
General examination
 
WHEn i was born
WHEn i was bornWHEn i was born
WHEn i was born
 
Skin pathology
Skin pathologySkin pathology
Skin pathology
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...
Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...
Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...narwatsonia7
 
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...narwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Service
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort ServiceCall Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Service
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Serviceparulsinha
 
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptx
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptxGlomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptx
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptxDr.Nusrat Tariq
 
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowVIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknownarwatsonia7
 
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxGlomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxDr.Nusrat Tariq
 
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingCall Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Bookingnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...narwatsonia7
 
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service MumbaiLow Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbaisonalikaur4
 
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls ServiceCall Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Servicesonalikaur4
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000aliya bhat
 
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAAjennyeacort
 
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Miss joya
 
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosBook Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photosnarwatsonia7
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...
Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...
Russian Call Girl Brookfield - 7001305949 Escorts Service 50% Off with Cash O...
 
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...
Housewife Call Girls Bangalore - Call 7001305949 Rs-3500 with A/C Room Cash o...
 
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Service
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort ServiceCall Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Service
Call Girls Service In Shyam Nagar Whatsapp 8445551418 Independent Escort Service
 
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptx
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptxGlomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptx
Glomerular Filtration rate and its determinants.pptx
 
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service LucknowVIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
VIP Call Girls Lucknow Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Lucknow
 
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptxGlomerular Filtration and  determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
Glomerular Filtration and determinants of glomerular filtration .pptx
 
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingCall Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Call Girl Koramangala | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hebbal Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbersBook Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
Book Call Girls in Kasavanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone numbers
 
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
Call Girls Kanakapura Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service A...
 
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service MumbaiLow Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
Low Rate Call Girls Mumbai Suman 9910780858 Independent Escort Service Mumbai
 
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls ServiceCall Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
Call Girls Thane Just Call 9910780858 Get High Class Call Girls Service
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
 
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA
97111 47426 Call Girls In Delhi MUNIRKAA
 
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hsr Layout Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
 
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Hosur Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Servicesauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
 
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosBook Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Book Call Girls in Yelahanka - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
 

Edward Jenner: Pioneer of Smallpox Vaccine

  • 2. Edward Jenner(1749-1823)  Pioneer of small pox vaccine  Father of immunology
  • 3. life of Jenner….  Born on 17th May 1749(Berkeley)  From the age of 14yrs ,trained as apprentice to Daniel Ludlow, a surgeon  In 1770-worked under surgeon John Hunter at St.George’s hospital.  Returned to Berkeley in 1773,practised as GP & surgeon.  Edward Jenner died of stroke at the age of 73, on 26 January 1823
  • 4. Small pox  Disease goes through stages of macules ,papules, vesicles,pustules over the skin.  Severe forms- hemorrhagic
  • 5.  Greatly feared disease for thousands of years  Caused by Variola virus  1/3rd of the patients died  Survivors –badly disfigured  10 yrs before eradication ,the disease was present in 44 countries, with a global incidence of around 10 million cases annually !!!
  • 6. Jenner Vs Pox  Jenner’s initial theory- The initial source of infection was a disease of horses, called "the grease", and that this was transferred to cows by farm workers, transformed, and then manifested as cowpox.  He noted-Milkmaids don't generally get small pox  He theorized it-pus in the blisters which milkmaids received from cowpox (a disease similar to smallpox, but much less virulent) protected the milkmaids from smallpox.
  • 7.  On 14 May 1796,  Inoculated James Phipps, a young boy of 8 years (the son of Jenner's gardener), with material from the cowpox blisters of the hand of Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid who had caught cowpox from a cow called Blossom  produced a fever and some uneasiness but no great illness  Injected Phipps with variolous material –No disease followed  Again challenged with variolous material-but no sign of infection
  • 8. Why Jenner was successful??  Not only inoculated cowpox ,but also proved that they are immune to small pox  Demonstrated that the protective cowpox could be effectively inoculated from person to person, not just directly from cattle.  He tested his theory on a series of 23 subjects. This aspect of his research method increased the validity of his evidence.
  • 9.  He continued his research and reported it to the Royal Society, who did not publish the initial report.  After improvement and further work, he published a report of twenty-three cases  In 1803 in London he became involved with the Jennerian Institution, a society concerned with promoting vaccination to eradicate smallpox.
  • 10. Post- Jenner era  17 yrs after his death(1840), British government banned variolation ( the use of smallpox itself)  and provided vaccination (using cowpox )free of charge.  In 1976,Global eradication programme of Smallpox –initiated by WHO.  After 10 years-disease was wiped out ,
  • 11.  .  Last stock is in – USA and Russia  They were to be destroyed by June 30 , 1999.  But fears of the possible use of small pox in bioterrorism led to an indefinite extension of the deadline.  Whole world was certified “small pox free area” in October 1979.  Formally declared by WHO in 8th May 1980
  • 12. Remembering the great man….. -Jenner's house is now a small museum housing among other things the horns of the cow, Blossom (Berkeley). -Near the small Gloucestershire village of Uley, Downham Hill is locally known as 'Smallpox Hill', with a possible connection to Jenner's local work with the disease.
  • 13.  A statue was erected in Trafalgar Square, later moved to Kensington Gardens. 