1. Ms. Susan M. Pojer
Matt López

2. Essential Question:
Champion of
the
“Common Man”?
“King”
Andrew?OR

3. Voting Requirements
in the Early 19th Century

4. Voter Turnout: 1820 – 1860
2008: ~56%

5. Why Increased
Democratization?
3 White male suffrage increased
3 Party nominating committees.
3 Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential
electors.
3 Spoils system.
3 Rise of Third Parties.
3 Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)
3 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:
 Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs
(1832)  Republicans (1854)
 Democrats (1828)

7. Born in a log cabin in???
http://www.wistv.com/Global/story.asp?S=14219625

8. Scarred during Revolution for
refusing to shine British
officer’s boots
First Known Painting, 1815

9. General Jackson
During the Seminole
Wars

11. The “Common Man’s”
Presidential Candidate

12. Jackson’s Opponents in
1824
Henry Clay
[KY]
John Quincy Adams
[MA]
John C. Calhoun
[SC]
William H. Crawford
[GA]

13. A
“Corrupt
Bargain?”
Candidate Popular Vote
Electoral Vote
Andrew Jackson 43% 99
J.Q. Adams 31% 84
William Crawford 13% 41
Henry Clay 13% 37

14. Four presidents took office without winning the popular vote; elected,
instead, by the electoral college or in the case of John Quincy
Adams by the House of Representatives after a tie in the electoral
votes. They were:
• John Quincy Adams who lost by 44,804 votes to Andrew Jackson -1824
• Rutherford B. Hayes who lost by 264,292 votes to Samuel J. Tilden -1876
• Benjamin Harrison who lost by 95,713 votes to Grover Cleveland -1888
• George W. Bush who lost by 543,816 votes to Al Gore - 2000

15. Fast Forward 4 years to
election of 1828…

16. 1828 Election Results

17. The Center of
Population:
Country Moves WEST

18. Rachel Jackson
Final Divorce DecreeJackson in Mourning for His Wife

19. The New “Jackson
Coalition”
3 The Planter Elite in the South
3 People on the Frontier
3 State Politicians – spoils system
3 Immigrants in the cities.

20. Jackson’s Faith
in the “Common Man”
3 Intense distrust of Eastern
“establishment,” monopolies, & special
privilege.
3 His heart & soul was with the
“plain folk.”
3 Belief that the common man was
capable of uncommon achievements.

21. The Reign of “King Mob”

22. Andrew Jackson as
President

23. Spoils System
• President Jackson spoiled his friends
and supporters by offering them
government jobs.
• He also listened to close friends, not the
cabinet,
• his “kitchen cabinet”

24. The “Peggy Eaton Affair”

25. The Webster-Hayne Debate
Sen. Daniel
Webster
[MA]
Sen. Robert
Hayne
[SC]
Clash over States’ Rights over
Western land sales

26. Abominations
and
Nullification

27. The United States was trying to help its young
factory system grow.
It did so by trying to encourage Americans to
buy stuff made in American factories, not
European factories,
which are usually cheaper.
Where are the factories?

28. How can they get Americans
to buy more expensive
American manufactured
goods?

29. Protective
Tariffs

30. Protective Tariffs (tax) help American factories by
making foreign made goods cost more.
European Shirt
$8
American Shirt
$10
Which shirt would you buy?
+ $3(tariff) = $11

31. The southern states hated the protective
tariffs and call it the Tariffs of Abominations.
Why?
1. The south grew cotton, sent it to Europe, then bought the
finished goods from them. The tariffs made them cost more
2. Europe might get mad and make its own tariffs…. Bad for
U.S. businesses.
3. The south saw the tariff as an example of growing power of
the Federal government.
Would the Federal government also try to end slavery
soon?????????

32. Most factories are in the
north, so how did
protective tariffs help the
south?
They really didn’t.

33. Nullification
CRISIS
Nullify - to make void, cancel

34. Vice-President Calhoun was from
South Carolina.
What do you think he
thought of the tariffs?

35. V.P. Calhoun said a state should be able to
nullify a national law (like the tariff law) by
declaring it unconstitutional.
The South Carolina legislature liked his idea.
A lot of other people didn’t,
so The U.S. Congress
debated the issue for weeks.

36. Should a state be able to ignore
a national law if it wants to?
What could this mean?

37. What will
President
Jackson do?

39. President Jackson went to a fancy dinner party
with all the other cool Washingtonians.
Vice-President Calhoun was also there.
Jackson was asked to make a toast.

40. Jackson stood up and said,
“Our Federal Union: It must
be preserved!”
(He is basically telling South
Carolina to stop whining.)

41. Vice-President Calhoun then stood up.
His response toast:
“The Union, next to our (the states’) liberty most
dear.”
(He is basically telling Jackson to …?)

42. In 1832, Congress lowered the tariff,
hoping to make South Carolina happy.
South Carolina said it would only be happy
with a complete repeal of the tariff.
It didn’t work.

43. Later that year, a convention met in
South Carolina.
The convention:
- nullified the Tariff of 1828.
- said no Federal Customs could be collected in
S.C.
- threatened to secede (leave) from the Union if
Federal government tried to collect tariffs.

44. Calhoun then
resigned the vice-
presidency to
become a senator
from S.C.

45. Some people called Calhoun the
“First President of the Southern
Confederacy,”
even though he really wasn’t.

47. ...Jackson forces a compromise.
He has Congress pass two bills.
• Bill # 1 gives Jackson
the power to use
Federal troops to
collect taxes and
duties in South
Carolina.
• Bill #2 lowers the
amount of the tariff,
even though South
Carolina already said
they wouldn’t pay
anything.

48. It appeared that fighting was
inevitable, but South
Carolina eventually backed
down.

49. South Carolina didn’t
have the support of any
other southern states.
.

50. Everyone breathed a sigh of
relief.
Another crisis was
averted...

51. ...for a little while.
WATCH THE “VIDEO” FOR TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS

52. Clip 5 – 5:50 http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=fPFshUZxpVs#t=353s
Clip 6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=c4OUlKnWN1M

53. Indian Removal
3 Jackson’s Goal?
3 1830  Indian Removal Act
3 Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831)
* “domestic dependent nation”
3 Worcester v. GA (1832)
3 Jackson:
John Marshall has made his
decision, now let him enforce
it!

54. The Cherokee Nation
After 1820

55. Indian Removal

56. Trail of Tears (1838-
1839)

57. Jackson’s Professed
“Love” for American
Indians

59. Jackson’s Use of
Federal Power
VETO
1830  Maysville Road project
in KY [state of his
political rival, Henry
Clay]

60. The National Bank
Debate
Nicholas
Biddle
President
Jackson

61. Opposition to the 2nd
B.U.S.“Soft”
(paper) $
“Hard”
(specie) $
3 state bankers felt
it restrained their
banks from issuing
bank notes freely.
3 supported rapid
economic growth
& speculation.
3 felt that coin was
the only safe
currency.
3 didn’t like any bank
that issued bank
notes.
3 suspicious of
expansion &
speculation.

62. The “Monster” Is
Destroyed!3 “pet banks”?
3 1832  Jackson vetoed the
extension of the 2nd
National Bank of the
United States.
3 1836  the charter expired.
3 1841  the bank went
bankrupt!

63. The Downfall of “Mother
Bank”

64. An 1832
Cartoon
:
“King
Andrew”

65. 1832 Election Results
Main
Issue?

66. The Specie Circular
(1836)
3 “wildcat banks.”
3 buy future federal
land only with gold or
silver.
3 Jackson’s goal?

67. Results of the Specie
Circular$ Banknotes lose their value.
$ Land sales plummeted.
$ Credit not available.
$ Businesses began to fail.
$ Unemployment rose.
The Panic of 1837!

68. The 1836 Election
Results
Martin Van Buren
“Old Kinderhook”
[O. K.]

69. The Panic of 1837
Spreads Quickly!

70. Andrew Jackson in
Retirement

71. Photo of Andrew Jackson in
1844
(one year before his death)
1767 - 1845