The document outlines an action plan to further engender disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts in Tajikistan through gender integration. The plan has four main components: 1) gender incorporation in disaster prevention and mitigation; 2) disaster preparedness of all community members; 3) gender incorporation in disaster response; and 4) gender incorporation in disaster rehabilitation and recovery. Each component identifies goals, objectives, expected outcomes, activities, indicators, timeline, and responsible organizations to mainstream gender considerations across DRR policies, plans, and programming in Tajikistan.

1. Page1
Action Plan for further
engendering DRR through
REACT operations
04-Jan-15
Nizamuddin Al-Hussainy, Consultant, UN Women

2. Page2
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................3
2. ACTION PLAN FOR FURTHER ENGENDERING
DRRincludingRoadmaponhowDRRshallcontributetogender-responsiveandrights-based sustainable
development. Priority steps as determined/identified by the consultativeinitiatives taken by UN Women,
Tajikistan hasbeen summarized in a matrix 4
3. IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEDRR ACTIVITIES .....................................................12
4. GENDER WORKING GROUPS AT REGIONAL LEVEL......................................15
5. DISASTER RECOVERY ..............................................................................................16
Annex A: Gender related potential work and priorities in Humanitarian Actions/DRR by
gender groups...........................................................................................................................18
Annex B: Scenarios and Planning Assumptions......................................................................23
Annex: C: Cluster Approach of REACT ................................................................................30

3. Page3
1. INTRODUCTION
UN Women’s global ‘concept of humanitarian action includes Disaster Risk Reduction and
preparedness for risk prevention and mitigation, and early recovery. UN Women engages
across this space in order to complement and enhance UN efforts to move away from a short-
term, service provision model to one that builds on development gains, enhances
sustainability and national ownership, strengthens the resilience of communities and
countries - and is accountable to the populations affected by crisis.1Outcome 4.3 of the same
strategy of‘UN Women Humanitarian Strategy, 2014-2017’ says “Gender equality and
women’s empowerment commitments adopted and implemented throughout humanitarian
action including preparedness, disaster risk reduction, response and early recovery of the
Strategy”2.Thus, Disasters Risk Reduction3 and incorporation of gender issues in DRR& later
development of programmes/projects in Tajikistan sets out the objective of this paper.
The consultations for the post-2015 framework for DRR in Almaty in April 2014 strongly
challenge the notion of considering women as helpless victims in disasters and voice the need
to better recognise women’s skills, capacities and leadership, demanding that the role of
women must be acknowledged and inclusion of women must be enhanced in post-2015
framework for disaster risk reduction (HFA2).4
On the other hand, the UNDP Tajikistan in the draft DRR guidance proposes to the
government of Tajikistan to establish a“Tajikistan’s Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction&
Management”drawing on the National Disaster Risk Management Strategy, to consider by
the Government of Tajikistan to establish a specific policy on the integrating disaster risk
reduction into development projects.
‘The disaster risk reduction measures in Tajikistan are formulated within the
National Disaster Risk Management Strategy (NDRMS) for 2010-2015. In
December 2013 UNDP commissioned an analysis of the national strategy as
well as legislation on disaster risk management in compliance with standards
and requirements for integration of disaster risk reduction norms and
commitments into the national policy framework. The findings of the analysis
demonstrated that objectives and tasks of the national policy in general
correspond with the Hyogo Framework Action Plan’s priorities. However,
issues such as gender mainstreaming, cultural diversity and participation of
volunteers and local populations in the national disaster risk reduction efforts
are not addressed. The national legislation in the area of disaster risk
management has very weak linkages with the national legislation on
environment protection and management and climate change. In 2015 the
Government intends to revise its NDRMS to integrate DRR related priorities
more prominently into the Post-2015 national development framework’5.
Till now the proposal of UNDP is under considerations of the government of
Tajikistan.Within the process, specific attention may be paid to the impacts of disasters on
1
UN Women Humanitarian Strategy, 2014-2017
2
UN Women Humanitarian Strategy, 2014-2017 page 5
3The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematicefforts to analyse and manage the causal factors of
disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, decreased vulnerability of peopleand property, wisemanagement
of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.
4
http://unwomen-eeca.org/en/news/news/un_women_eeca_news/brief_on_findings
5 Quoted from UN women-Taj TOR of the DRR consultant

4. Page4
gender and gender-directed risk reduction actions will be identified when one gender is
identified as more at risk than others. A similar differentiation of risk impact and targeted risk
reduction will be undertaken for identified vulnerable groups, including women, children, the
elderly and the disabled.6 A mechanism for collecting information on the success of disaster
risk reduction integration will be established under the authority of the National Platform for
Disaster Risk Reduction. To this end, the Platform may be established a technical gender
working groups at National and grass roots level toincorporate gender and other cross-cutting
issues while Addressing Disaster Effects on Development Projects and specifically the
development of a risk assessment process for Tajikistan. This is needed because women are
particularly vulnerable to natural disasters and their lack of access to resources post-disaster
delays recovery and leaves them vulnerable to future shocks.
2. ACTION PLAN FOR FURTHER ENGENDERING DRR
Action Plan for further engendering DRRsetsdownthe
expectedoutcomes,outputs,keyactivities,indicators,leadagencies,implementingpartnersand
timelinesundereachofthefourbelow mentioned distinctyetmutuallyreinforcingthematicareas.
2.1. Defining Goals:
The overall goal of gender inclusion in DRR is to support REACT to ensure gender-
responsive disaster risk reduction efforts, guided by the Tajikistan Government’s National
Strategy on Disaster Risk Management for 2010-2015, Tajikistan Women’s Machinery
aimed to coordinate gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment, commitment ofUN
Commission on Status of Women,adopted in March 2014 on the issue “Gender equality and
the empowerment of women in natural disasters” and international agencies working in
Tajikistan as members of REACT, UN sister organizations like UNDP( who has 8 points
agenda practical, positive outcomes for women and girls in crisis) , WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA,
UNHCR, WFP, FAO, ILO, OCHA, international NGOs/banks like OXFAM,ACTED,
CESVI, FOCUS, IFAD, WBG, ADB and specifically UN Women SP for 2014-2017 and the
Humanitarian Strategy and other strategies and plans.
To incorporate this goal to attain the country’s overall DRR vision, it is necessary to include
gender-focused language, data collection and programming throughout the following four
disaster preparedness areas detailed below. The four DRR components(as detailed in the next
page) represent the inclusion of gender issues within them:
Specific aims of UN Women Tajikistan are to:
 Facilitate building safer, adaptive and disaster resilient Tajikistan communities
through gender integration in Disaster Risk Reduction collaborative efforts of the
country.
 Support REACT and national partners in Tajikistan to identify and integrate gender-
related priorities and needs into the national disaster risk reduction and management
6
UNDP, Tadjikistan draft DRR guidance, 2013 pages 3

5. Page5
policies and humanitarian response measures and to monitor gender data tracking7,
assessment and knowledge sharing8.
 Support REACT with a preparatory assistance(PA)/ programming directions in the area
of gender responsive disaster risk reduction and humanitarian assistance in line with UN
Women’s corporate mandate and advantages aimed at addressing the current gaps and
challenges with regard to integrating gender equality considerations into humanitarian
preparedness and response efforts.
.Building safer, adaptive and disaster resilient Tajikistan communities through gender
integration
7
Collection ofgender vulnerabilities and statistics and sex-disaggregated data – which prevent a clear understanding and
analysis of the differentiated nature of the risks for and vulnerabilities of men and women, boys and girls; incorporation of
gender-specific data and statistics on the impacts of disasters and sex-disaggregated data of loss and damage fills the gender
gaps.
8Connect relationships between gender equality and DRR and to enhanceinstitutional and individual capacities and tools to
mainstream gender into DRR policies and measures.
•Providelifepreservation and
meet the basic subsistence
needs of affected population of
both sexes-different ages,
different needs based on
acceptablestandards duringor
immediately after a disaster
•Restore and improve facilities,
livelihood and livingconditions
of all withoutdiscrimination
and organizational capacities
of affected communities, and
reduced disaster risksof all in
accordancewith the “building
back better” principle
•Establish and strengthen
capacities ofmen,women,
boys and girls and all
communities to anticipate,
cope and recover from the
negative impacts of
emergency occurrences and
disasters
•Avoid hazards and mitigatetheir
potential impacts by reducing
vulnerabilities and exposureand
enhancingcapacities of
communities
Disaster
Prevention
and
Mitigation
Disaster
Preparedness
Disaster
Response
Disaster
Rehabilitation
and Recovery

6. Page6
RoadmaponhowDRRshallcontributetogender-responsiveandrights-based sustainable development.Priority steps as determined/identified by the consultative initiatives
taken by UN Women, Tajikistanhasbeensummarized in the following matrix
Sl
#
DRR
Thematic
Area
Goal Objective Outcome Expected results Activities Indicators Time line9
Probable
responsible
organization
1 Gender
incorporatio
n in Disaster
Prevention
and
Mitigation
Avoid
hazardand
mitigate their
potential
impacts by
reducing
vulnerabilitie
s and
exposures
enhancing
capacities of
all members
of the
communities
Women,
men, boys
andgirls of
all ages.
Reduce
vulnerability and
exposure of
communities of
all hazards.
Enhance
capacities of
communities to
reduce their own
risks andwith the
impacts of all
hazards.
1. DRR andCCA
mainstreamedand
integratedin national,
sectoral, regionaland
Local development policies,
plans andbudgets.
2. DRR andCCA-sensitive
environmental
Management.
3. Increasedresiliency of
infrastructuresystems.
4. Enhancedandeffective
community-based
scientific DRR andCCA
assessment,
Mapping, analysis and
monitoring.
5. Communities access to
effectiveand
applicable disaster risk
financingand
insurance (if possible)
6. End-to-endmonitoring
(monitoringand
response), forecastingand
early warningusingall
means including mobile
Avoidhazards and
mitigate their
potential impacts by
reducing
vulnerabilities and
exposure and
enhancing
capacities of
communities of
people of all sexes
andages.
Mainstreamingandintegration ofDRR
andCCA into national, sectoral,
regional andlocal development
policies, plans, program andbudget,
especially in regional physical
framework plans ( proposed)..
Development of science-based
mainstreamingtools for DRR and
CCA.
Institutionalization ofREACT.
Utilization ofpartofthe local fundfor
DRR activities.
Development of a joint work-planand
alignment ofthe REACT members.
Advocacy forthe strict or effective
implementationof thebuildingcode
anduse of green technology.
Conduct ofhazardmappingand
vulnerability assessments.
Informationdisseminationtrough
partnershipwith various press and
% of reductionof
loss of lives,
livelihoodand
assets of any
gender andage.
% of
communities in
high risks areas
reduced.
% of reductionin
poverty
incidence.
All REACT
members.
Department
of Science
and
Technology.
9Timelines:Ingeneral,thesetofactivitiesaredividedintothreetimelines:Shortterm, MediumtermandLongterm.Inthe time line of the .DRR gender p rogramming,
theMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsandHyogo Framework for Action must be taken care of.Theuseofoperational
timelinesisdeemedusefulatthelocallevelduringactualoperationsinresponse,rehabilitationand recovery.Iftheactivitieslastbeyondsixyearsforrehabilitationandrecovery,thedurationis
consideredlongterm.IntheareaofDisasterResponse,themaximumtimelineis“beyondthree months.”

7. Page7
Sl
#
DRR
Thematic
Area
Goal Objective Outcome Expected results Activities Indicators Time line9
Probable
responsible
organization
telephones
Systems are established
gender friendly and/or
improved.
electronic media.
Develop advocacyandrisk
communicationplantoencourage
communities speciallywomenand
girls to avail of risk financingoptions
Develop andinstitutionalize
informationsharingandcommunication
systems between Local communities
andnational government.
Develop community-basedandlocal
early warningsystems for various
hazards anddissemination ofearly
warningthrough all available means.
2 Disaster
Preparednes
s of men,
women,
boys and
girls of all
ages.
To increaselevel
of awareness of
all members of
the communities
to the threats and
impacts of all
hazards, risks
and
vulnerabilities.
To equip the
community with
the necessary
skill to cope with
the negative
impacts of a
disaster.
To increasethe
capacity of
7. Increasedlevel of
awareness andenhanced
capacity ofthe community
to the threats and
impacts of all hazards
8. Communities are
equippedwith necessary
skills andcapability tocope
with the impacts
Of disasters.
9. IncreasedDRR and CCA
capacity ofLocal
DRR committees,Offices
andOperation
Centers at all levels.
10. Developedand
implemented
comprehensive national and
local
Establish and
strengthen
capacities of men,
women,boys and
girls andall
communities to
anticipate, cope and
recover fromthe
negative impacts of
emergency
occurrences and
disasters
Develop DRR andCCA information,
education, communication(IEC)and
advocacy plans andmaterials.
Development of standardDRR training
modules.
Conduct of trainingandsimulation
exercises.
CustomizedandspecializedDRR
capacity buildingactivities forspecific
groups.
Integration ofDRR andCCA in school
curricula, textbooks,andmanuals.
Selection andaccreditation ofNGO
representatives andvolunteer groups
None Department
of Interior
andLocal
Government
authority in
collaboration
with REACT
clusters.10
.
10Please see Annex C

8. Page8
Sl
#
DRR
Thematic
Area
Goal Objective Outcome Expected results Activities Indicators Time line9
Probable
responsible
organization
institutions.
To developand
implement
comprehensive
national and
local disaster
preparedness
policies, plans
andsystem in
line with nation
policies.
To strengthen
partnership
amongall key
players and
stakeholders.
preparedness andresponse
policies, plans,
andsystems
11. Strengthenedpartnership
andcoordination
Amongall key players,
REACT members and
stakeholders.
Develop enhance ICScoordination and
communications systems
Development, maintenance andupdate
of partner’s andkey stakeholder’s
database for DRR.
Formulate coordinationmechanism and
guidelines in the contingencyplanfor
partnershiparrangements
Increasedparticipationof CSOs in
preparedness activities
3 Gender
incorporatio
n in Disaster
Response
To decrease the
number of
preventable
deaths and
injuries of human
beings,
animals,pets.
To provide basic
subsistence
needs of affected
population
(women, men,
boys, girls)
To immediately
restore basic
social services
accordingto the
needs of all.
12. Well-establisheddisaster
response
operations
13. Adequate andprompt
assessment of needs
anddamages at all levels
14. Integratedand
coordinatedSearch, Rescue
AndRetrieval (SRR)
capacity.
15. Safe andtimely
evacuationof affected
communities
16. Temporaryshelter needs
of all adequately addressed.
17. Basic social services
providedto affected
population (whetherinside
or outside
Provide life
preservation and
meet thebasic
subsistence needs of
affectedpopulation
of both sexes-
different ages,
different needs
based on acceptable
standards duringor
immediatelyafter a
disaster
Establishment of coordination systems
for effectiveandefficient relief and
response operations as per needs of all
Activationof relief distribution
points/centers
Activationof assessment teams at all
levels
Develop andimplement systems for
SRR with concernedagencies
Activate an evacuation systemand/or
set of procedure
Establishment of womenandchild-
friendly spaces andother learningareas
in the evacuationcenters
Provisionofspaces forpeople’s as per
the needs of different groups,sexes,
ages including, livestock,poultryand
pets in the Evacuation Centers.
Number of
deaths, injured,
andmissing
Number of
persons served
Number of
restoredbasic
services as per
needs of all.
Department
of Social
Welfare, all
clusters
members of
REACT
accordingto
their
mandates of
the
organization
they are
serving.
UNICEF,
UNHCR,
UNFPA, UN
women,
IRED cross,
redcrescent
society.

9. Page9
Sl
#
DRR
Thematic
Area
Goal Objective Outcome Expected results Activities Indicators Time line9
Probable
responsible
organization
evacuationcenters)
18. Psychosocial needs of
victims of all ages and
sexes directly andindirectly
Affectedvulnerable
populationaddressed.
19. Coordinated, integrated
system for early
Recovery implemented.
Conduct of livelihood-oriented
activities for internallydisplaced
persons as per their skills.
Conduct of medical consultationand
nutritional assessment.
Assessment of waterquality and
conduct of quick damage repairs and
roadclearingoperations
Determination ofexistingandavailable
hospital services
Development andconduct of
psychological programandreferral
systems
Conduct of traumatic andpsychological
stress debriefings
Develop partnership mechanisms with
utility providers andkey stakeholders
Design andimplement temporary
livelihoodandincomegenerating
activities (i.e.,cash, foodfor work;
micro andsmall enterpriserecovery,
micro credit)
4 Gender
incorporatio
n in Disaster
Rehabilitati
on and
Recovery
To restore the
people means of
livelihoodand
continuityof
economic
activities and
business for
men, women
boys andgirls
To restore
shelter andother
buildings/installa
tion
incorporating
20. Damages, losses and
needs assessed
21. Economicactivities
restored, andif possible
strengthenedor expanded
22. Houses rebuilt or
repairedto be more
resilient tohazardevents;
safer sites for
housing
23. Disaster andclimate
change-resilient
Restore and
improve facilities,
livelihoodand
livingconditions of
all without
discrimination and
organizational
capacities of
affected
communities, and
reduceddisaster
risks of all in
accordance with the
“building back
better” principle
Conduct post-disaster needs assessment
one monthafter theoccurrence of
disaster with the REACT members
takingtheleadandusingas basis the
preliminary data gatheredfromthe field
by different clusters of REACT &
regional/ local district offices.
Coordinatethe formulationof the
strategic actionplanfor disaster
affectedareas.
Identify andprovide suitable relocation
sites for affectedpopulation
Assistance
providedto
sectors affected
(e.g., for
agriculture,
assistance in
terms of credit
andtechnical
support
Government
housing
assistance proved
such as loans for
housingrepair
UNHCR,
WFP,
UNDP,
IOM/UNHC
R, FAO.
Andas per
mutual
understandin
g among
REACT
members.

10. Page10
Sl
#
DRR
Thematic
Area
Goal Objective Outcome Expected results Activities Indicators Time line9
Probable
responsible
organization
gender issues (
different needs
but equal
opportunities for
all)
To reconstruct
infrastructure
andother public
utilities as per
needs and equal
opportunities for
all sexes and
ages
To assist in the
physical and
psychological
rehabilitationof
persons who
sufferedfrom
the effects of
disaster
infrastructure
constructed/reconstructed
24. A psychologically
sound, safe andsecure
citizenrythat is protected
from theeffects of
disasters is able to restore to
normal
functioningaftereach
disaster
Conduct trainings forsocial preparation
of host communities andthosewho will
be relocatedto reduce conflict.
Conduct monitoringandtrackingof
approval of infrastructure projects and
permits
Build capacities of psychosocial care
providers
Populationof
people from
hazardprone
areas relocateto
safe areas
Essential services
such as
electricity,water
and
communication
restored
Infrastructures
facilities
rehabilitatedor
reconstructed
No. of people
who are
undergoing
traumatic
debriefing
Percentage of
vulnerable
population
providedwith
adequate and
appropriate risk
protection
measures

11. Page11
 Gender Budgeting for DRR
objectives.TheneedforinstitutionalizingDRRpolicies,structures,coordin
ationmechanismsand
programswithcontinuingbudgetappropriationonDRRfromnationaldownt
olocallevels.
Thus,severalactivitieswillstrengthenthecapacityofthepersonnelofnation
algovernment andthe local government units and partner stakeholders,
build the disaster resilience
ofcommunitiesandinstitutionalizearrangementsandmeasuresforreducing
disasterrisks, including climaterisks.
 Integrating gender responsive DRR into policy
planning.Theimportanceofmainstreaminggender responsive
DRRandClimate Change Adaptation
(CCA)inthedevelopmentprocessessuchas policyformulation,socio-
economicdevelopmentplanning,budgetingandgovernance,
particularlyintheareaofenvironment,agriculture,water,energy,health,edu
cation, povertyreduction,land-
useandurbanplanningandpublicinfrastructureandhousing,
amongothers.Thisisachievedthroughactivitiessuchasdevelopmentofcom
montoolsto
analysethevarioushazardsandvulnerabilityfactorswhichputcommunities
andpeople of all sexes,ages, groups.
 Knowledge development.Competencyandscience-
basedcapacitybuildingactivitiesalongsidethenurturingof
continuouslearningthroughknowledgedevelopmentandmanagementofg
oodDRR practicesonthe ground.
 Theinclusionofhuman-
induceddisastersthatresultininternallydisplacedpersons,public
anxiety,and lossoflives,destructionofpropertyandsometimessocio-
economic security and stability.
 Improving gender issues in housing and construction.Gender
issues, related to construction workers, decisions on housing
construction methods and materials, and the management of family-
focused shelter, will also be taken care of/ included in the groups work.
Once accepted by the Platform, the gender group will responsible for
formulating an Action Plan to address the DRR issues. This Action
Plan will be submitted to stakeholders for comment and eventual
approbation by the Government. Implementation of the action plan will
involve financing from the Government’s own resources, through
projects proposed to donors through projects initiated by the relevant
organization.The Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCM) and
logistics groups11
of REACT will identify specific financial risk transfer
issues relate to gender or specific human vulnerabilities faced in
Tajikistan.12
 Good governance.Incorporate
goodgovernanceprincipleswithinthecontextofpovertyalleviationand
11Please see Annex C
12
Disaster Risk Reduction Integration Guidance – DRAFT, UNDP Tajikistan October 2013

12. Page12
environmentalprotection.Itisaboutpartnershipstowardseffectivedelivery
ofservicestothe
citizenry,i.e.workingtogetherthroughcomplementationofresources.Thus
,harnessingand
mobilizingtheparticipationofcivilsocietyorganizations(CSOs),theprivat
esectorandvolunteersin theDRR
programsandprojectsispartandparceloftheplan.Effortsshould be madeto
aligntheDRRwithnationalplanswith
budgetallocationbyrelevantgovernmentlineagencies.

13. Page13
3. IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEDRR ACTIVITIES
Atthenationallevel,implementationoftheDRRshalltake
placethroughtheintegrationofDRRintorelevantnationalplans.
3.1. ResourceMobilization.
Atthenationalandlocallevels,thefollowingsourcescanbetappedto fundthe variousDRR
programs and projects:
 throughtheexistingbudgetsofthenationallineand government agencies
 NationalDisaster Risk Reduction andManagementFund/ priority development
assistance fund may be established by the government of Tajikistan with
collaboration with donors, private sectors investors
 International Donor Funds
 Adaptation and Risk Financing
 DisasterManagement Assistance Fund of WB, ADB and other different donors.
Asidefromthefundsources,theDRR may alsotapintothenon-monetaryresourcesavailable which
canhelp attainthe targets identified in this plan, namely:
 Community-based goodpracticesforreplication andscalingup
 Indigenous practiceson DRR
 Public-Private-Partnerships
 E U PIECHO
 EU Humanitarian and civil protection
 The UK Government has set up the ICF to provide £3.87 billion between April 2011
and March 2016 to help the world’s poorest people adapt to climate change and
promote cleaner, greener growth.13
3.2. Disaster Effect Reduction Plans Developed And Implemented. Based on the
work under Defining and Addressing Disaster Effects on Development Projects
and other risk assessments, include climate risk assessments, conducted in
Tajikistan, a gender group established by the Platform will develop an
assessment of expected disaster effects at the District level. The results of this
assessment will be, together with risk management plans, be incorporated into
District Development Plans. The assessments will give specific attention to the
impacts of disasters by gender as well as on identified vulnerable groups. Where
District Development Plans exist, these will be updated through this process.
The Government will cause to be allocated specific sums (from its own or other
resources) to Districts to specifically to address the disaster effects identified in
the Development Plans. These funds can be used to address disaster effects
within existing operations, as part of new projects or as components of existing
projects or projects initially focusing on other issues.
13See:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/48217/3389-
uk-international-climate-fund-brochure.pdf for more information.

14. Page14
3.3. Monitoring&Evaluation.Results-based programming shall be used in ensuring
that implementation is on time and learning from experiences is built into the
DRR system.Need to develop a standard monitoring indicators as per
internationally agreed/targets and as per Hyogo Framework, post HF 2015
agenda14. To monitor and evaluate, the indicators will be used against targets
and activities identified in each of the four thematic areas of the DRR with the
aid of the identified means of verification.Annual reporting by all cluster lead to
REACT may be done.The HFA Monitor online tool may be used as a working
format to undertake national multi-stakeholder consultation processes as
progress is reviewed and challenges are systematically identified.
3.4. Role of REACT members
Acknowledging the role which REACT has played in the coordination of disaster prevention
and risk reduction as well as disaster response at all levels and particularly those focused on
the community level, and the scope for further reduction of disaster risk in Tajikistan,
REACT members recognize that:
 The Government of Tajikistan has a sovereign responsibility to reduce the impact of
disasters before they occur.
 The Government of Tajikistan has a sovereign responsibility to assist the population
of the country in times of disaster.
 The REACT of Tajikistan, chaired by the Chairman of the Government and consisting
of line ministries and UN agencies, INGOs is responsible for disaster risk
management activities. Subsidiary commissions with similar responsibilities and
composition exist at the regional and district levels.
 The Committee of Emergency Situations and Civil Defence is the focal organization
responsible for disaster prevention and response actions.
 The humanitarian imperative places a specific responsibility on REACT members to
assist Tajikistan in the case of a disaster.
 It is more effective to reduce disaster risk than provide assistance after a disaster has
occurred.
 Transparency and collaboration are critical to effective disaster response.
 The free flow of information on disaster impacts and response operations is critical
for transparency and collaboration.
 The Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response
(“Sphere Standards”) and other best practice in humanitarian assistance should guide
efforts to lessen the impact of disasters in Tajikistan.
 Those affected by a disaster should be consulted on and engaged in the provision of
disaster-related humanitarian assistance.
 The Hyogo Framework for Action provides an overall guiding for disaster risk.
14http://www.preventionweb.net/posthfa/proposed-elements

15. Page15
4. GENDER WORKING GROUPS AT REGIONAL LEVEL
REACT members may establish sub-gender working groups at regional level similar to
Gender working group to be established by the National platform gender group at National
level.This sort of technical Working Group membership can be drawn from REACT
membership (including Government institutions), and also include individuals or
organizations who are part of the REACT. REACT members will designate a member
organization as the Chair of the gender working group by mutual consent.
Gender Working sub- groups will report regularly to the general membership on activities
and consult with the general membership before taking decisions affecting the current
Statement, or policy and practice of activities conducted under REACT.Regional
coordinating working group as deemed necessary to ensure effective disaster risk reduction
management coordination.
Suggested ToRs for gender sub-group/s – main tasks, responsibilities may be defined
following the objectives and road maps as stated in 2.1 and 2.2
4.1. Consultations and Meetings. Gender working group members will conduct
consultations, share experiences and hold meetings necessary to accomplish the
objectives(as stated in 2.1) of the group. To the extent possible, members will
use emails, web sites and other means to share information and for coordination
to reduce workload on members.
4.2. Data Backup Planning Is Essential for Disaster Recovery.Disaster recovery
planning is the process of creating a document that details how to recover from a
catastrophic event. Many organizations take the time to create a disaster
recovery plan and then it sits on a shelf collecting dust. Nobody every reviews it
to make sure it meets the goals of the company and it will be successful if
implemented. Here are seven goals and objectives we can use to make sure
disaster recovery plan will be successful.

16. Page16
5. DISASTER RECOVERY
5.1. Reduce Overall Risk. The main goal of any disaster recovery plan is to reduce
the overall risk to the people men, women, boys and girls.We may look carefully
at the plan and ask the question "Is there anything missing that would prevent
the normal life from restarting rapidly?" In the event of a disaster, our biggest
enemy is time. The plan must be concise and yet comprehensive. We may look
for holes that will jeopardize the successful implementation of your disaster
recovery plan.
5.2. Maintain and Test of Disaster Recovery Plan Many plans are written and few
are ever updated. Even fewer are ever tested. A disaster recovery plan that was
written long time ago will not be effective for a rapid recovery. Review the plan
every year to insure new aspects of the livelihoods/business are covered. Test
the plan at least every two years.
5.3. Alleviate Owner/Investor Concerns. Once developed and tested, you should
present your disaster recovery plan to the owners and/or board of directors.
Record any and all feedback and make sure it is addressed in the revised plan. If
they are more apprehensive after you present your disaster recovery plan, you
need to revisit each and every item before you present it again.
5.4. Restore Day-To-Day Operations. The bottom line is "Can our disaster
recovery plan restore the day-to-day operations in a reasonable time?" Affected
people will not wait forever to get feet back on the ground. Operations must be
restored quickly.
5.5. Comply With Regulations. If the organization/ business is in a regulated
industry (healthcare, food, education, etc.) it will fall under all government
regulations.
5.6. Rapid Response. Any disaster recovery plan must be written and developed
with the goal of responding rapidly to any disaster. Time is the biggest enemy
after disaster strikes. An emergency contact list with multiple phone numbers for
each manager must be accessible at any time of the day or night.
5.7. Prepare Up-to-date Inter-Agency Contingency Plan.In accordance with
General Assembly Resolution 46/182, the UN and partners recognize that the
Government of Tajikistan has “the primary role in the initiation, organization,
coordination and implementation of humanitarian assistance within its territory”
and is thus fully responsible for the protection and well-being of its people,
including all activities related to emergency preparedness and disaster risk
reduction. The humanitarian partners in Tajikistan support the Government in
these efforts and maintain a permanent link to agree on strategies, priorities and
response mechanisms. Tajikistan Inter-Agency Contingency Plan (IACP) is
based on the ‘Inter-Agency Contingency Planning Guidelines for Humanitarian
Assistance’, is being developed/updated every year by the IASC Sub-Working
Group on Preparedness and Contingency Planning. These Guidelines establish a
coherent and consistent methodology for agencies in country to develop and
present a coordinated preparedness and response plan based on the specific
characteristics of disaster risks and hazards in country situation. The current
(updated in December 2013) Contingency Plan15 was developed under the
leadership of the UN Resident Coordinator16 has been put under gender lens
(see annex-B). UNOCHA Regional Office for Caucasus and Central Asia, in
15Engendered of the 2013-2014 contingency plan (column 3) prepared by UN Res Cor Tadjikistan. At. annexite B
16Détails of the contingence planning at. Annexture B (column 1,2)

17. Page17
cooperation with the Committee of Emergency Situations and the REACT
Secretariat. The objective of the Inter-Agency Contingency Plan is to increase
the level of preparedness for any disaster and to enhance the ability to support
the Government of Tajikistan to respond through the effective provision of relief
and recovery assistance. The plan focuses on two scenarios: (I) a small- to
medium-scale natural disaster (mudflow/flash flood) and (ii) a rapid-onset large-
scale disaster (earthquake of high magnitude).Inter-agency contingency planning
does not replace the need for contingency planning and preparedness measures
by individual agencies and organizations.
The contingency plan captures the overall management and coordination mechanisms for
disaster preparedness and response. The plan briefly describes the primary role of the
Government of Tajikistan in responding to disasters and the mechanism for overall
coordination through the Commission of Emergency Situations and Civil Defence.
Furthermore, the plan outlines the mechanisms for international humanitarian assistance in
Tajikistan, including REACT and established sector coordination groups for small-medium
scale disasters. Standing arrangements for large-scale emergencies describe key roles and
responsibilities of the UN Resident Coordinator/Humanitarian Coordinator, Humanitarian
Country Team (HCT) and the Cluster Lead Agencies, as well as introduction of the global
cluster approach during a large-scale emergency.
Finally, the plan sets priority preparedness actions, including the terms and responsibilities
for updating inter-agency contingency plans, cluster/sector specific plans and other follow-up
actions.
The plan is guided by the international humanitarian law, legal international instruments
defining human rights, and the guiding principles on internal displacements.

18. Page18
Annex A: Gender related potential work and priorities in Humanitarian Actions/DRR by gender groups/sub groups
Sl# Theme Gender related potential work and priorities Status of action
(covered or not
covered)
Probable
facilitator
1 Policy Dissemination of information on preventive measures conducted through jamoats paying
attention to different target groups such as elderly, housewives,children, boys, elderly men,
non-working citizens17
Not done Gender groups
sub-gendergroups
to be established at
National level and
regional level
2 Policy Develop Early warning mechanism for DRR taking into account vulnerable groups such as
the elderly, female heads of households, women without husbands18
-single women
Not done RT Government in
collaboration of
dev. Partners
3 Policy Mobilizing existing in-country coordination mechanisms this is already
being done
OCHA
4 Policy Ensuring adequate communication between all humanitarian partners and the Government
With special focus on inclusion of women and women’s NGOs
Not done UNDP
5 policy Development of recovery strategies – is this being done? Ensuring safety for response teams
Ensuring logistics support for response activities
Done REACT /UNDP
6 policy Ensuring security of UN/NGOs staff Development of recovery strategies Ensuring safety for
response teams
Done Govt. of
Taj/REACT
7 Humanitarian
action
Managing of severe acute malnutrition and promotion of pregnant women, infant and young
child, elderly people feeding
Not covered WFP & UNICEF
8 Humanitarian
action
Provision of relief assistance,based on specific needs of different social groups with focus
on women and children needs within its actions
done WFP
17 7As recommended by the report “ Gender assessment of humanitarian situations”, Zerkalo/UN women, Nov, 2014
18A8s recommended by the report “ Gender assessment of humanitarian situations”, Zerkalo/UN women, Nov, 2014

19. Page19
Sl# Theme Gender related potential work and priorities Status of action
(covered or not
covered)
Probable
facilitator
9 Capacity
development
Psychosocialsupport for affected population in the rehabilitation period. Provision of relief
assistance,based on specific needs of different social group’s Rapid assessment ofthe
situation followed by analysis to define strategies/objectives/activities which form the basis
for appeal.
Organize and conduct training for psychologists aimed at strengthening local partners’
capacities to provide efficient mental health and psychologicalassistance to women affected
by disasters and their deployment into the national/local rapid response teams.
Not done UN Women, Red
Crescent Society
of Tajikistan, Red
Cross
10 Capacity
development
Management of severe acute malnutrition and promotion of infant and young child feeding
Psychosocialsupport for affected population Provision of relief assistance,based on specific
needs of different social groups
Not done UNICEF
11 capacity
development
Ensuring safety for response teams Ensuring logistics support for response activities
Management of severe acute malnutrition and promotion of infant and young child feeding
UNDP/UNICEF
12 Programme Support in establishment of humanitarian operations centre and activation of Cluster
Approach Ensuring security of UN/NGOs staff Development of recovery strategies
Not done Govt. of
Taj/REACT
13 programme Provision of first aid and establishment of health points Support to international search and
rescue teams Support in establishment of humanitarian operations centre and activation of
Cluster Approach
Done WHO
14 Programme/projec
t
Providing first aid to survivors,ensuring that specific needs of the most vulnerable groups
(e.g. women headed households,pregnant women, children, elderly people etc.) are met
covered WHO
15 Programme/Prior
ity Needs
Gender responsive rapid assessment ofthe situation followed by analysis to define
strategies/objectives/activities which form the basis for appeal
Not done OCHA
16 Programme/Prior
ity Needs
Provide emergency Food Aid Provision of first aid and establishment of health points
Support to international search and rescue teams
Done WFP/WHO/Govt.
of Taj

20. Page20
Sl# Theme Gender related potential work and priorities Status of action
(covered or not
covered)
Probable
facilitator
17 Programme/Prior
ity Needs
Ensuring access to drinking water and sanitation facilities for all according to different needs
of different groups
Not done UNFPA
18 Programme/Prior
ity Needs
Support in debris removal ( with UNDP) Ensuring access to drinking water and sanitation
facilities Provide emergency Food Aid
Partially done UNDP
19 programme The households where there are no migrant workers and men, provide financial support to
affected vulnerable groups to rebuild house,livestock, agricultural land, nutritional food for
children to restore income of people 19
Not done All clusters of
REACT
20 programme Strengthening preventive work to mitigate the impact of flooding in areas where floods
occurs on a regular basis 20
Not done REACT
21 programme Monitoring on-going disastermanagement activities Develop parameters for needs
assessments
All clusters of
REACT
23 programme Monitoring of on-going disastermanagement activities REACT
19A20s recommended by the report “ Gender assessment of humanitarian situations”, page 33, Zerkalo/UN women, Nov, 2014
20As recommended by the report “ Gender assessment of humanitarian situations”, page 33, Zerkalo/UN women, Nov, 2014

21. Page21
In the DRR areas:
1. Strengthening ties and collaboration among experts of DRR: for shared learning, avoiding
duplication of work and improved efficiency. The REACT committee is important as is the
network of community disaster preparedness and education, however there are currently gaps
in the coordination and cooperation among all stakeholders, including: UN Women, NGOs,
local and national government. UN women need to improve communication between
agencies responsible for humanitarian response. UN women may focus on strengthening and
/or establishing disaster preparedness and emergency response practices in hazard prone areas
and communities. Within the process, specific attention must be paid to the impacts of
disasters by gender. Gender-directed risk reduction actions may be identified when one
gender is identified as more at risk than others. A similar differentiation of risk impact and
targeted risk reduction may be undertaken for identified vulnerable groups, including
children, the elderly and the disabled.
2. Training in preparedness and contingency planning, development of
preparedness/contingency plans and their subsequent simulations will constitute major
deliverables under this. Plans may focus on drought, snowfall and floods as potential hazards
in Tajikistan.
3. At community level, Tajikistan is still behind in improving inclusion of women in key
decision making processes. UN Women may seek to strengthen this process through ensuring
full and active participation of women and other vulnerable groups in contingency
/preparedness planning. Preparedness and contingency plans will be designed in such a way
that the needs and perspectives and participation of the most vulnerable segments of the
community assume the central focus.
4. Gender equality in Disaster Risk Reduction strengthening:Considering that disaster impacts
are more pronounced on vulnerable communities, gender considerations and a focus on
women and children will be undertaken in the policy development and implementation,
identifying risks and their outcomes/impacts on women and children. UN women’s potential
work may be to take a conscious approach in advocating for and ensuring participation of the
most affected populations both at national and local levels.(in line withthe UN Women
Humanitarian Strategy, 2014-2017) Therefore UN Women Tajikistan may work with the
government of Tajikistan to promote gender equality in DRR. Gender analysis may also be
incorporated in the assessment of disaster risks, impacts and needs. In Tajikistan, it is
important for gender considerations to be focused on both sexes as males are generally
equally educated as women. However, the patriarchal nature of Tajikistan society impinges
on women’s rights to decision making. UN Women may ensure that women’s unique needs
are addressed and value women’s knowledge in disaster reduction and recovery policies,
plans and program. Women’s networks and community based organizations that facilitate
women’s active engagement in DRR may be strengthened especially at community level.
Activities to prevent personal violence and abuse against women and children during natural
disasters may be undertaken by all structures within the disaster management system in
Tajikistan.
5. There is a need to coordinate work with established ‘women’s network’ and members have to
be trained in gender in disaster reduction and preparedness with a structure which can be
replicated. Women’s network should focus on social support which is crucial at times of
disasters such as: emotional, advisory and information support, as well as day care and cash
loans (sort of practical needs) and identified ‘strategic needs’. The development of strong,
well-managed and professional institutions in Tajikistan those are able to implement a
comprehensive range of risk reduction programmes and interventions incorporating gender

22. Page22
needs and specific actions at the national level, as well as contributing to regional actions and
international learning and best practice.

23. Page23
Annex B: Scenarios and Planning Assumptions
Scenario 1 Gender gap/ how to
engender
Contingency
A flash flood/mudflow hitting two rural
districts in April-May
Humanitarian
Impact (planning
assumptions)
 20,000 people affected (many of them
displaced)
 40 deaths, 200 injured
 400 houses completely damaged
 2,000 houses affected (partially damaged)
 14 medical points/centres and 6 schools
destroyed/damaged
 Access to drinking water is hampered.
Irrigation channels are damaged.
 Physical access is limited (due to damages
to bridges and roads
 Local power distribution system destroyed
(affecting all social aspects and
infrastructure)
 Livelihoods (agricultural lands, livestock
and most of food and NFI) are
destroyed/lost
 The affected population includes a high
proportion of women and children (up to
70%) taking into account labour migration
rates
Humanitarian impact
(planning assumptions
were notsex-
disaggregated! At
Planningstage response
objectives are
genderinsensitive).
Response
Objective
Provide relief and recovery assistance to the
disaster-affected population and their
communities to reduce suffering and restore
access to basic services in an effective and
timely manner.
Response objectives are
genderinsensitive
Priority Needs
 Provision of shelter, including
establishment of camp,
emergency/temporary shelters (along with
relevant NFIs) and then support in
relocation and construction of permanent
shelters
 Access to drinking water, sanitation and
Priority needs were not
assessed
As per need of the
victims (men, women,
Boys, girls and age).

24. Page24
hygiene, including provision of water
tanks, chorine tables, water filters,
temporary toilets, hygiene kits
 Access to food, including kitchen utensils,
fuel for cooking
 Access to health care, including first aid,
establishment of temporary medical points,
sanitary disposal of health care waste
 Management of severe acute malnutrition
and promotion of infant and young child
feeding
 Access to education, including tents for
schools, education kits
 Separation prevention, identification,
documentation, family tracing and
reunification
 Psychosocial support for affected
population, including building the capacity
of the local staff and direct support to
affected population
Engender as per need of
different groups
Age, needs.
Response
Strategies
 Activate in-country coordination
mechanisms (REACT and sector
coordination groups)
 Liaise with Government on damage and
needs identified.
 Multi-Sector rapid needs assessment
 Develop Response Strategy and Plan
(based on IACP and results of rapid
assessments)
 Provide relief, based on specific needs of
different social groups
 Ensure adequate communication between
all humanitarian partners and the
Government
 Ensure logistics support for response
activities
 Ensure safety for response teams
Response strategy
formulated
Partly gender based

25. Page25
 Develop recovery strategies
 Ensure communication means (regular
meetings, established channels for
exchange of information, etc.) between
REACT partners, the Government and
community leaders
 Ensure that cross-cutting issues integrated
into response strategy (e.g. protection, etc.)
 Ensure the team of Psycho- social service
provides are in place for deployment
 Ensure that specific needs of the most
vulnerable groups (e.g. women headed
households, children, etc.) are met
Constraints and
Gaps
 Response capacity of the Government is
not clearly determined or communicated
(e.g. existing stocks/reserves)
 Limited resources (financial, human,
material, pre-positioned supplies) available
by REACT members for effective response
to disasters of such scale
 Access to the affected populations is likely
to be difficult in the immediate aftermath
of the disaster
 Limited communication with the field and
lack of information during first hours/days
following the disaster
 Tajikistan Monitoring and Warning System
and response mechanisms do not include
Standard Operating Procedures
determining actions and responsibilities
when thresholds are reached. Thresholds
need to be quantified.
 Limited number of psycho-social service
providers in place for immediate coverage
of affected population
 Restrictions imposed by the national
security forces in control of the work/
operational area. Unavailability/ shortage
of communications means. Movement
restrictions imposed by local Authorities.
Gaps well identified.

26. Page26
EW Indicators &
Triggers
Indicators:
 Prolonged abnormal rainfall
 Water levels in rivers
Triggers:
 Weather forecast predict above normal
precipitation for 2 to 3 consecutive days
 Water levels in river above normal and
rising
 Above normal snow pack in river source
mountain ranges combined with high
temperatures in early spring
Scenario 2
Contingency
A high magnitude earthquake (7 (MMI))
strikes Dushanbe at mid-winter night
Gender gap/
engendered
Humanitarian
Impact (planning
assumptions)
 > 200,000 people affected
 > 10,000 deaths
 >50,000 injured
 Centralized power/water/heating system
collapsed
 Breakdown of law and order (looting cases)
 Health system damaged and unable to
provide first aid to survivors
 Up to 20% of education facilities destroyed
 Dushanbe airport is not operational (but
Kurgan-Tube and Kulyab airports function)
 Limited or no communication
 No road access to Dushanbe from the
North, at least 50% of in-city roads blocked
hampering the access for rescue teams.
# of affected people
Were not
sex-disaggregated

27. Page27
Road access from the South could be open.
 UN/NGOs operations are significantly
compromised due to staff losses.
Response
Objective
Providing timely life-saving relief assistance to
the affected population
Priority Needs
 Establishment of earthquake proof
communication and meeting locations for
humanitarian agencies (UNDSS)
 Provision of first aid and establishment of
health points (Health cluster)
 Provision of emergency shelter
(Emergency Shelter and Camp
Coordination/Management cluster)
 Emergency Food Aid (Food Security
cluster including nutrition)
 Management of severe acute malnutrition
and promotion of infant and young child
feeding (Health and Food Security clusters
(including nutrition))
 Ensuring access to drinking water and
sanitation facilities (WASH cluster)
 Access to education, including tents for
schools, education kits
 Provision of psychosocial support (Health
cluster)
 Support in debris removal (UNDP)
 Protection, with priority issues as child
protection and prevention of gender based
violence (Protection cluster)
 Separation prevention, identification,
documentation, family tracing and
reunification
“Different need-
equal opportunities “
should be the
guidance principle
for engendering
priority needs &
response strategies
Response
Strategies
 Ensuring welfare of UN/NGOs staff
 Support in establishment of humanitarian
operations centre and activation of
Humanitarian Country Team and Cluster
Different need-
equal opportunities “

28. Page28
Approach
 Support to international search and rescue
teams (with assistance of Logistics cluster
and UN OCHA (INSARAG))
 Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment
(leaded/coordinated by UNDAC),
followed by cluster in-depth assessments
and PDNA (all clusters)
 Development of Strategic Statement,
Response Plan and Appeals (Flash Appeal,
CERF Application)
 Ensuring that specific needs of the most
vulnerable groups (e.g. women headed
households, children, etc.) are met
 Ensure the team of Psycho- social service
provides are in place for deployment
should be the
guidance principle
for engendering
priority needs &
response strategies
Constraints and
Gaps
 Domestic search and rescue capacity is
very limited
 Government, UN Agencies and NGOs’
emergency capacity hampered due to staff
losses
 No clear information about existing
emergency supplies (stocks) in the country
(both in relation to the Government’s
stocks and stocks of REACT partners)
 Government and REACT partners’
capacity to respond to a disaster of such
scale is largely insufficient
 Potential legal problems for international
rescue and humanitarian teams entering
the country.
 Tense political relations with neighbouring
countries hamper access to Tajikistan by
land
 Aftershocks may further impede search
and rescue and relief operations
 Limited number of psycho-social service
providers in place for immediate coverage

29. Page29
of affected population
EW Indicators &
Triggers
None

30. 30
Annex: C: Cluster Approach of REACT
In the event of a major emergency, the HCT would trigger the activation of the global cluster
approach for Tajikistan in accordance with recommendations made by the Inter Agency Standing
Committee. Agencies in-country (and when applicable from the relevant regional delegations) will
assume the cluster lead responsibilities accepted in the framework of the global humanitarian response
review arrangement. These responsibilities are to:
 Ensure that adequate preparedness measures are taken prior to the crisis
 Assume the leadership role in coordination arrangements during the response to the crisis
 Ensure that gaps in the response are properly identified and addressed
 Act as provider of last resort in case no other partner has the capacity to address the identified
gaps
Cluster and Area ofResponsibility Global Cluster Leads
Camp Coordination and Camp Management
(CCM)
IOM/UNHCR
Early Recovery UNDP
Education UNICEF and Save the Children
Emergency Shelter UNHCR – conflicts; IFRC – natural disasters
Emergency Telecommunications WFP (OCHA)
Food Security FAO/WFP
Health WHO
Logistics WFP
Nutrition UNICEF
Protection UNHCR (UNOHCHR/UNICEF)
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) UNICEF