Psychiatric termanology

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 Ablutomania :- Excessive interest in bathing and
cleaning oneself. It is common in obsessive compulsive
disorder.
 Aboiement :- Involuntary production of abnormal
sounds.
 Abreaction :- A process used in some forms of
psychotherapy especially psychoanalytically oriented
ones.
 Abstinence Syndrome (Withdrawal
syndrome) :-In the area of alcohol or drug
dependence, being without the substance on which the
subject is dependent.
 Abstraction :- The process whereby thoughts or
ideas are generalized and dissociated from particular
concrete instances or material objects.

 Abulia :- Lack of will or motivation, often expressed
as inability to make decisions.
 Abuse :- of substances, using them inappropriately in
a way that is harmful to the individuals.
 Acatalepsia :- A mental deficiency characterized by
the inability to reason or comprehend.
 Addiction :- A state of physiological or psychological
dependence on some substance, usually a drug.
 Affect :- The subjective and immediate experience of
emotion attached to ideas of mental representation of
objects.
 Aggression :- forceful physical, verbal or symbolic
action.
 Agitation :- Excessive motor activity, usually no
purposeful and associated with internal tension.

 Agoraphobia :- Fear of open places: as phobic disorder
characterized by a fear of leaving one’s home.
 Agroinania :- Excessive interest in living alone or in rural
seclusion; it is sometimes associated with schizophrenia.
 Akathisia ;- A state of motor (or less often verbal)
restlessness manifested by the compelling need to be in
constant movement.
 Akinesia :- Lack of physical movement, as in the extreme
immobility of catatonic schizophrenia.
 Alcoholism :- Excessive dependence on or addiction to
alcohol usually to the point that the person’s physical and
mental health is threatened or harmed.
 Ambivalence :- Presence of strong and often
overwhelming simultaneous contrasting
attitudes, ideas, feelings and drives towards an
object, person or goal.

 Amnesia :- Pathologic loss of memory; phenomenon in
which an area of experience becomes inaccessible to
conscious recall.
 Ataxia :- lack of coordination, either physical or mental. In
neurology it refers to loss of muscular coordination.
 Anxiety :- It is a pervasive feeling of dread , apprehension
& impending disaster.
 Aphasis:- A disturbance of language function due to
organic brain disorder.
 Apraxia :- Inability to perform a voluntary purposeful
motor activity.
 Attention :- Concentration, the aspect of consciousness.
 Attitude :- A ‘mental set’ held by an individual which
affects the ways that person responds to event & organizes
his cognitions.

 Autism :- Thought & fantasy determined entirely by the
person’s needs & wishes & Not constrained by reality in any
way.
 Automatic obedience :- The phenomenon of undue
compliance with instruction, a feature of command
automatism associated with catatonic syndrome & hypnotic
state.
 Automatism :- Automatic & apparently undirected
nonpurposive behaviour that is not consciously controlled.
Seen in the psychomotor epilepsy.
 Behaviour therapy :- A psychiatric treatment modality
that focuses on overt & objectively observable behaviour &
uses various conditioning techniques devired from learning
theory to modify patient behaviour directly.
 Cacosomnia :- Sleeplessness.

 Cataplepsy :- Condition in which a person maintains the
body position which he is placed.
 Cataplexy:- Temporary sudden loss of muscle
tone, causing weakness and immobilization.
 Catatonic waxy flexibility:- The person’s limbs can be
‘molded’ into any position which is then maintained.
 Circumstantiality :- Disturbance in the associative
thought and speech processes in which the patient
digresses into unnecessary details and inappropriate
thoughts before communicating the central idea.
 Clang association:- Association or speech directed by
the sound of a word, rather then its meaning.
 Community psychiatry:- psychiatry focusing on the
detection, prevention and early treatment of mental
disorders.

 Compulsion:- Uncontrollable, repetitive and unwanted
urge to perform the act.
 Confabulation:- Unconscious filling the gaps in memory
by imaging experiences or events that have no basis in fact.
 Confusion:- A term usually employed to designate a state
of impaired consciousness associated with acute or chronic
cerebral organic disease.
 Convulsive therapy:- A from of therapy involving a
group of techniques that induces seizures.
 Crisis:- A state of psychological disequilibrium, turning
point in person’s life.
 Crisis intervention:- A brief therapeutic approach used
in emergency rooms of general psychiatric hospital that is
ameliorative, rather than curative, of acute psychiatric
emergency.

 Deja entendu :- Illusion that what one is hearing one
has heard previously.
 Déjà vu :- Illusion of visual recognition in which a new
situation incorrectly regarded as a repetition of a
previous experience.
 Delirium :- An acute, reversible organic mental
disorder characterized by confusion & some impairment
of consciousness.
 Delusion :- A false belief that is firmly held, despite
objective & obvious contradictory proof of evidence &
despite the fact that other member of the culture do not
share the belief.
 Dementia :- A organic mental disorder characterized
by general impairment in intellectual functioning.

 Depersonalization :- Sensation of unreality concerning
oneself, parts of oneself, or one’s environment which occurs
under extreme stress or fatigue.
 Depression :- A mental state characterized by feeling of
sadness, loneliness, despair, low self-esteem & self-
approach.
 Detoxification :- Treatment by the use of
medication, diet, rest, fluid & nursing care to restore
physiological functioning after it has been seriously
disturbed by the overuse of alcohol.
 Doctor-patient relationship :- Human interchange
that exist between the person who is sick & the person who
is selected because of training & experience to heal.
 Drug abuse :- the self-administration of a medicinal or
pleasurable substance in a quantity or manner that impairs
health or social function.

 Drug dependence :- A state, psychic & sometime also
physical, resulting from taking a drug.
 Dystonia :- Extrapyramidal motor disturbance consisting
of slow, sustained contraction of axial or appendicular
musculature.
 Echolalia :- Repetition of another person’s words or
phrase.
 Echopraxia:- Repetition of another person’s movement.
It is observed in some cases of schizophrenia.
 Eestasy:- State of rapturous belight.
 Elation:- An affective state of joyous gaiety which, when
intensified and out of keeping with life circumstances, is a
dominant symptom of mania and hypomania.
 Emotion:- The experience of subjective feelings which
have positive or negative value for the individual.

 Empathy:- The intellectual and emotional awareness
and understanding of another person’s state of mind.
 Exhibitionism:- A paraphilia in which a man exposes
his genitals to females in a socially inappropriate
fashion.
 Fellatio:- Use of the mouth or tongue to stimulate the
male genitalia.
 Flight of ideas :- A nearly continuous flow of
accelerated speech with abrupt changes from topic to
topic, usually based on understandable
associations, distracting stimuli.
 Floccillation :- Aimless plucking or picking, usually at
bedclothes or clothing.
 Forensic psychiatry :- The branch of psychiatry that
is concerned with the legal aspects of mental illness.

 General adaptational syndrome (GAS) :- The
responses of the body to major stress, passing through the
alarm reaction, resistance and, finally, exhaustion.
 Habituation:- A very basic from of learning which
involves gradually ceasing to respond to a non-significant
stimulus which is repeatedly experienced.
 Halfway house :- A specialized residence for patients
who do not require full hospitalization but who need an
intermediate degree of care before returning to
independent community living.
 Halo’s effect:- The improvement in anxiety may
sometime spuriously improve depression is known as
Halo’s effect.
 Hypersomnia:- Execessive time spent asleep. It is not
related to narcolepsy.

 Hypnosis:- Artificially induced alteration of
consciousness characterized by increased suggestibility and
receptivity to direction.
 Hypomania:- A psychopathologic state and abnormality
of mood falling somewhere between normal euphoria and
mania.
 Illusion:- Perceptual misinterpretation of a real external
stimulus.
 Incoherence :- Speech that, for the most part, is not
understandable.
 Insomnia :- Difficulty in falling asleep or difficulty in
staying asleep.
 Introvert :- An individual inclined towards a
solitary, reflective lifestyle.
 Isolation :- In psychoanalysis, a defense mechanism
involving the separation of an idea or memory from its
attached feeling tone.

 Judgement :- Mental act of comparing or evaluating
choices within the framework of a given set of values
for the purpose of electing a course of action.
 Kleptomania :- An outmoded term for a
morbid, often sudden and usually irresistible impulse
to steal without an apparent need.
 Loosening of associations :- A characteristic
schizophrenic thinking or speech disturbance involving
a disorder in the logical progression of thoughts.
 Mania :- Mood disorder characterized by
elation, agitation, hyperactivity and
hyperexcitability, and accelerated thinking and
speaking (flight of ideas).
 Masochism:- A paraphilia in which sexual
gratification is derived from being physically or
psychologically maltreated by the partner or oneself.

 Mental retardation :- A condition of arrested or
incomplete development of the mind which is especially
characterized by subnormality of intelligence.
 Mental status :- General functional condition of mental and
behavioural process as determined by psychiatric assessment
of a variety of areas of functioning, such as state of
consciousness, mood and affect, thinking and speech, motor
behaviour, general
knowledge, memory, calculation, judgement, abstraction, and
insight.
 Mood :- A pervasive and sustained emotion that in
extreme, markedly colours the person’s perception of the
world.
 Mourning :- Reaction to a loss of a love object (important
person, object, role status, or anything considered part of
one’s life) consisting of a process of emotional detachment
from that object which frees the subject to find other interests

 Narcolepsy :- Uncontrollable, recurrent, brief episodes of
sleepassociated with excessive daytime
sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic
hallucinations, and often disturbed nocturnal sleep.
 Negativism :- Verbal or nonverbal opposition or resistance
to outside suggestions & advice.
 Neologism :- New word or phrase, often seen in
schizophrenia.
 Neurosis :- Mental disorder characterized primarily by
anxiety.
 Nightmare :- Anxiety attack while dreaming. It
characterized by mild anxiety, good recall of dream, & mild
autonomic reaction.
 Night-terror :- Extreme panic attack while dreaming . It is
characterized by verbalization, confusion, autonomic activity
& poor recall of dream.

 Obsession :- Persistent & recurrent idea, thought or
impulse that can not be eliminated from consciousness
bylogic or reasoning.
 Occupational psychiatry :- Area of psychiatric
concerned with mental illness in industry.
 Oedipus complex:- Constellation of feeling, impulses, &
conflict in the developing child that concern sexual impuses
& attraction toward the opposite-sex parent &
aggressive, hostile, or envious feeling toward the same-sex
parent.
 Organic mental disorder :- mental disorder caused by
transient or permanent brain dysfunction attributable to
specific organic factor.
 Paranoia:- A rare condition characterized by the gradual
development of an intricate, complex & elaborate system of
thinking based on misinterpretation of an actual event.

 paraphillia :- Types of psychosexual disorder. The term
refer to a sexual deviation characterized by persitent &
recurrent sexual fantasies, often of an unusual
nature, without which imagery erotic arousal or orgasm in
not attained.
 Parapraxis :- A faulty act, blunder, or lapse of memory
such as a slip of the tongue or misplacement of an article.
 Pederasty:- Homosexual & intercourse between men &
boys with the latter as the passive partner.
 Pedophilia :- A paraphilia involving sexual activity of
adult with the children as the object.
 Perseveration :- Persistent repetition of words, idea, or
subjects so that , once an individual begins speaking about
a particular subject or uses aparticular word, it continually
recurs.

 Perversion :- Deviation from the expected norm. In
psychiatric, it commonly signifies sexual perversion.
 Phobia :- An obsessive, persistent, unrealistic, intense fear
of an object or situation.
 Phobic disorder :- An anxiety disorder characterized by
intense specific fear of an object.
 Pica :- An eating disorder consisting of the craving &
eating of unusual foods or other substances.
 Schizophrenia :- Psychotic mental disorder characterized
by disturbances in thinking, mood & behaviour.
 Transsexualism:- A gender identity disorder in which a
person has a desire to be of the opposite sex.
 Uxoricide :- Killing of a wife by her husband.
 Verbigeration :- Senseless repetition of same words or
phrases over & over again.

 Waxy flexibility :- Parts of body can be placed in
positions that will be maintained for long periods of
time, even if very uncomfortable .
 withdrawal symptoms :- It is an organic mental
disorder following stopping or reduction in theintake
of a substance such as alcohol, opioids etc.
 Zoolagnia :-Sexual attraction to animals.

Psychiatric termanology

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Psychiatric termanology