1. DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY and REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES Spermatogenesis and Testicular Function www.umanitoba.ca/womens_health REPRODUCTION II - BLOCK IV

2. DOWNLOAD SLIDES FROM: www.umanitoba.ca/womens_health/repro2.htm

3. regardless of whether it is a general, specialty or subspecialty field, you will have to deal with patient infertility issues! In your medical practice... DID YOU KNOW THAT...

4. WHAT THIS LECTURE IS REALLY ABOUT ! MOST COUPLES PLAN TO HAVE CHILDREN. ABOUT 15% EITHER HAVE TROUBLE CONCEIVING OR CANNOT CONCEIVE AT ALL. INFERTILITY IS A SUB-SPECIALTY DEALING WITH THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CONDITIONS THAT PREVENT WOMEN FROM GETTING PREGNANT. IN ABOUT 40% OF COUPLES, THE INFERTILITY PROBLEM IS DUE TO MALE INFERTILITY. FEW CASES OF MALE INFERTILITY ARE TREATABLE. DIAGNOSIS OF MALE INFERTILITY RELIES ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY ON A GOOD HISTORY AND AN ANALYSIS OF THE SEX CELLS (I.e., the semen analysis).

5. 14% decline from 1990

7. The infertility rate in Hutterite communities is only 3%! INFERTILITY: Diminished or absent fertility; does not imply as irreversible a condition as sterility . In developed countries: about 15% of couples of reproductive age are infertile!

8. MALE INFERTILITY: Primary infertility is the term used to describe a couple that has never been able to conceive a pregnancy, after a minimum of one year of attempting to do so through unprotected intercourse. Secondary infertility is the term used to describe couples who have previously been pregnant at least once, but have not been able to achieve another pregnancy Approximately 30 to 40% of all infertility is due to a "male" factor...

9. DIAGNOSIS BY S/A ON 1497 MEN STERILE INFERTILE SUBFERTILE FERTILE 4 24 33 39 PERCENT SEEKING INFERTILITY CONSULT

12. 1 bladder 2 seminal vesicle 3 prostate 4 urethra 5 vas deferens 6 epididymis 7 testis 8 penis Testes (7) not only produce sperm,but also synthesise and secrete the male sex hormone testosterone. Testosterone controls spermatogenesis, the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and male behaviour

13. A - Seminiferous tubules (contain germ (sex) cells & Sertoli cells [that are somatic cells]). B - Interstitial cells (or Leydig cells) produce testosterone in response to LH from the pituitary gland. C - Lumen of a seminiferous tubule (with swirl of sperm tails)