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The Domestic turkey is classed in the taxonomic order of Galliformes. The female (hen) is smaller than the male (tom or gobbler) and is much less colourful. They are raised throughout the world and there are around ten million turkeys in Canada (Poultry and Egg Statistics, 2009) which makes it a 388 million dollar business. The average lifespan for a domesticated turkey is ten years. The incubation period is 28 days. Hens are harvested at about 14 weeks and toms at about 18 weeks. Approximately two to four billion pounds of poultry feathers are produced every year by the poultry industry. Most are ground into filler for animal feed or used for knitting. Broad-breasted White, Broad-breasted Bronze, Bourbon Red, Slate, or Blue Slate, Black, Narragansett, Beltsville small white, Midget White are the common breeds listed in the American Standards of Perfection (1905). Artificial insemination is commonly employed to obtain desired fertility levels. In natural mating, a male female ratio of 1:5 to 10 is desirable. The average age at first egg is around 30 weeks. The average egg production is around 100 eggs/hen turkey/year weighing around 75-80 g. It is noticeably pointed at one end with strong shell, palatable and as nutritious as chicken eggs. Turkeys are traditionally eaten as the main course of Christmas feasts in much of the world, as well as during Thanksgiving. The white meat of turkey is generally considered healthier than dark meat because of its lower fat content, but the nutritional differences are small. Although most commonly used as fertilizer, Turkey litter is being used as a fuel source in electric power plants. One such plant in western Minnesota provides 55 megawatts of power using 700,000 tons of dung per year. References ,[object Object]

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