3. ● Gender: Male
● Age:70
● Race: Caucasian
● Marital Status: Married
● Employment Status: Self Emloyed- Certified
Cannabis grower
● Chief Complaint: “I have severe sharp pain in lower
right side. I don’t want any denture.”
Patient Demographics
5. BP= 156/78; Pulpse = 66
ASA Physical Status Classification II
Patient has hypertension, high cholesterol, benign
prostatic hyperplasia, and depression
Medical History
6. He is taking these medicines:
Dyazide(spironolactone/HCl)= a combined diuretic for HTN,
Lotensin(benazipril) = an ACE angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor for HTN,
Flomax (tamsulosin HCl) for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Lipitor(atorvastatin) = an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (3-Hydroxy-3-
methylglutaryl- CoenzymeA) a lipid lowering agent for high cholesterol
Marijuana-Cannabis –THC agent for depression and recreation
Patient has smoked marijuana for 45 years.
Medical History Continue
8. Head and Neck = within normal limit
FacialAsymmetries: symetric
TMJ: asymptomatic
Lymph Nodes: not palpable.
Extra-Oral Findings
9. Objectives and Assessment/Diagnosis
Janurary 2012:
SoftTissues: generalized within normal limit; Localized severe
inflammation with swelling and exudate in teeth#s 8 and 29.
Dental/ hard tissue : pt has several PFM and gold crowns and
amalgam restorations with recurrent caries in teeth #s 2 O, 2D
3D, 4 M, 32 MOB, missing teeth #s 15, 16, 20, 21, 30, 31.
Intra Oral Findings
Dental History
10. Janurary 2012:
Periodontal disease: pt has generalized moderate
periodontitis with localized severe aggressive
periodontitis in teeth #s 8 and 29 with class III
mobility.
Objectives and Assessment/Diagnosis
continue
22. Janurary 2012- July 2015
Completed tx
Extraction of #29, no bone graft
Extraction of #8, bone and connective tissue graft, implant, provisional
and fractured 3 times for a year, abutment, PFM delivered on May28,
2013. # 8 porcelain fractured obliquely as in photo on February 2nd, 2015.
Several composite restorations have been done for the recurrent caries
of other teeth.
Pt does not want any more of his crowns replaced.
Objectives and Assessment/Diagnosis
continue
23. July 2015:
Patient feels happy with his upper teeth.
Acquired missing teeth #s 20, 21, 28, 29, 30
Adequate inter and intra-arch spaces
Type III bone quality
Diagnosis
24. Type III bone quality
Buccal Lingual width = 8mm in edentulous spaces
Prognosis: good to excellent for #8 after three
years implant was placed and 21 months of
functional prosthetic.
Implant Failure of 4% for type I, II, & III
Drs. Guillermo Bernal and Charles J. Goodacre.
Diagnosis continue
25. CBCT is strongly recommended
Face bowl transfer
Diagnostic wax up
Surgical stents
ProposedTreatment: Plan Sequence
32. Major constituents of cannabis:
THC = Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol
CBD = cannabidiol
THC = main psychoactive ingredient of cannabis. It also has
orexigenic (having a stimulating effect on appetite),
analgesic, and antiemetic effects.
CBD has no psychoactivity, it primarily reduces pain and
inflammation, and do many other things.
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
34. The United Kingdom, Canada, and several European countries
have approved nabiximols (Sativex®), a mouth spray
containingTHC and CBD. It treats muscle control problems
caused by MS.The United States is conducting clinical trials for
its safe use in treating cancer pain.
Although it has not yet undergone clinical trials, scientists
have recently created Epidiolex, a CBD-based liquid drug to
treat certain forms of childhood epilepsy”.
What medications contain cannabinoids?
35. My literature research focuses on the effect of
cannabis on human bone from studies of over
five years for a large control group of people
who do not smoke or use any form of cannabis
beginning to smoke marijuana and receiving
prosthetic implants include dental implants on
this same group of people.
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
36. I can not find studies of cannabis on human
bone.
Cannabis has only been given to rats and in vitro
experiments in my literature researches.
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
37. ASBMR (American Society of Bone
and Mineral Research)
Cochrane Review
Pubmed
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
38. Many recent studies reported Marijuana,
Cannabis sativa, has positive impact on bone
healing and bone regeneration.
These are some examples of full text/abstract
studies.
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
40. Increase of mesenchymal stem cell migration by cannabidiol via
activation of p42/44 MAPK(mitogen-activated protein kinase).
By Schmuhl E1, Ramer R2, Salamon A3, Peters K3, Hinz B4. PubMed-Biochem Pharmacol.
Epub 2013 Dec 1.
“Collectively, this study demonstrates CBD to promote the
migration of MSCs via activation of the CB₂ receptor and inhibition
of GPR55 and to induce osteoblastic differentiation. CBD may
therefore recruit MSCs to sites of calcifying tissue regeneration and
subsequently support bone regeneration via an osteoanabolic
action on MSCs.”
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
41. Effect of cannabidiol on human gingival fibroblast extracellular
matrix metabolism: MMP production and activity, and production of
fibronectin and transforming growth factor β
By S.Y. Rawal1,2, M. Kh. Dabbous1,3,4,5 and D. A.Tipton1,3 first
published online: 17 NOV 2011-Journal of Periodontal Research
Volume 47, Issue 3, pages 320–329, June 2012
“The data suggest that the CBD may promote fibrotic gingival
enlargement by increasing gingival fibroblast production of
transforming growth factor β and fibronectin, while decreasing
MMP production and activity.”
Effects of Cannabis on Bone Healing and/or
Bone Loss on Dental Implants
45. Patient is happy with the result of healing from his first implant in
# 8.
He is motivated to be in the study and to have five more implants
in teeth #s 20, 21, 28, 29, 30.
Bone around #8 heals very well
More studies on human with longer oberservation should be done
for strong support of Cannabidiol usage in bone healing and or
bone loss.
Summary of treatment plan and research