L' accès ouvert, science ouverte et le rôle de DOAJ

L' accès ouvert, science ouverte
et le rôle de DOAJ
Dr. Tom Olyhoek
rédacteur en chef de DOAJ
DG-RSDT*
Journées d’étude sur les revues scientifiques
Oran, Algérie, 15-16 Mars 2015
* (Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et du
Développement)

DOAJ :– launched May 2003 with 300 journals has now
> 10,000 journals
Situation 2015: the DOAJ is now run by Infrastructures services for open access IS4OA
and contains some 10.000 journals, 6,142 of which are searchable at Article level
More than 100 volunteers are actively involved in evaluating journal applications
Journal/ Article Quality Control
+ Indexing
Journal/ Article Quality Control
+ Indexing
Founded by Alma Swan, Caroline Sutton and Lars Bjornshauge

Qu’es-ce que fait le DOAJ?
Indexation de toutes les revues en Accès Ouvert selon de
critères strictes
Fournir un portail pour chercher et accéder aux texts
integrals de >6000 revues en Accès Ouvert
Tous les services sont gratuits
Le DOAJ est financé par ses ‘Sponsors’

In the Past.... Publishers and Libraries
provided access to information
Information was stored and distributed on paper
Printing and distribution were the major cost factors

The Internet has become a major and cheap source for
all kinds of information
Today scholarly articles are digitally stored in computer networks
Distribution is virtually at no cost
Publishers and libraries are no longer sole controllers of
information flow

But........................
Publishing has not
become any cheaper

www.phdcomics.com
On the contrary:
subscription journals have become too
expensive even for Princeton University
On the contrary:
subscription journals have become too
expensive even for Princeton University

L’édition de revues scientifiques
Principaux éditeurs
• Editeurs commerciaux
– Elsevier (2 000 revues)
• 20% titres issus de sociétés savantes
– Springer (2 000 revues)
• Premier éditeur à proposer le modèle Open Choice (2004)
• A racheté BioMedCentral (180 titres Open Access)
– Wiley-Blackwell (1 400 revues)
– Taylor&Francis (1 050 revues)
– Sage-Hindawi (520+150 revues)
• Société savantes
– Editent la moitié des revues mondiales dont beaucoup avec des facteurs d’impact
forts car bien implantées chez les scientifiques
– Tendent à déléguer leurs activités éditoriales à des éditeurs commerciaux
8

Publishers increase their profits
mainly by offering Big Deals
Publishers increase their profits
mainly by offering Big Deals
The Netherlands Universities have declined the latest
big deal offer from Elsevier in 2014
The German Universities are still negociating
> 50% revues vendues via des bouquets
d’au moins 50 titres
75% des revenues vient du digital
Breaking news 12-03-2015
Still no agreement
between Elsevier and
dutch universities

Publishers net profits 2010Publishers net profits 2010
*Figures for 2010. Source—
h]tp://poe.ceconomics.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/enormousMprofitsMofMstmMscholarly.html#
**h]p://scholarlyoa.com/2013/04/04/hindawisMprofitsMareMlargerMthanMelseviers/
Source: Stephen Curry UHMLG
Open Access Forum
28th
Feb 2014
Compare Apple Inc that recorded an
all time high 27% net profit in 2012

"For 350 years, scholars have written peer reviewed journal articles
for impact, not for money, and are free to consent to open access
without losing revenue."
Peter Suber
And Scholar’s revenues ?And Scholar’s revenues ?
Source: Souheil Houissa
Université de la Manouba

Open Access
a natural consequence of the
evolution of the internet

What is Open Access?
There are Two
componenTs To open
access !

Initiative de Budapest pour l'Accès
Ouvert
2002 2012
Par "accès libre" à cette littérature, nous entendons sa mise à disposition
gratuite sur l'Internet public, permettant à tout un chacun de lire, télécharger,
copier, transmettre, imprimer, chercher ou faire un lien vers le texte intégral de
ces articles, les disséquer pour les indexer, s'en servir de données pour un
logiciel, ou s'en servir à toute autre fin légale, sans barrière financière, légale ou
technique autre que celles indissociables de l'accès et l'utilisation d'Internet. La
seule contrainte sur la reproduction et la distribution, et le seul rôle du
copyright dans ce domaine devrait être de garantir aux auteurs un contrôle sur
l'intégrité de leurs travaux et le droit à être correctement reconnus et cités.

The Future is Open
The sharing economy
Jeremy Rifkin

Examples
EU funding requires open access 2018
Netherlands will require 0pen Access by 2016
Research Council UK 2013
Norway 2013
Welcome Trust 2013
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 2015

Problems with Open?
Information overload
Who pays for open access?
Junk or useless information

Steep Increase in information output through open access publications
Source Laakso and Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124
Information overloadInformation overload1.

We need guides to find the right information
How to Deal with information overload
OLD
-------------------------------
NEW

We need to develop open access publishing business models
•Author pays (own pocket)
•Research funders pay for research and publication)
•Publishers pay with external grants
The cost of Open Access publishing:
NOT as expensive as many adversaries claim
The cost of Open Access publishing:
NOT as expensive as many adversaries claim
PeerJ $99 per person
Paper in subscription journal: $5081
Paper in open-access journal: $453
Subscription paper costs eleven times
as much
WARNING: all figures are very approximate!
Source Mike Taylor at Berlin11
2.

Accès Ouvert : Qui Paie?
La plupart des revues en Access Ouvert n’ont pas de APC
Pour les revues chargeant APC souvent il y a le ‘waiver’
Tout cela a fait que les auteurs ne devront payer que dans
les 3% des cas*
Dans beaucoup de cas c’est une organisation,
université ou fondateur qui va payer les frais
*Source Peter Suber, Open Access

The Future Publishing is
Open Access
PLoSONE is now the world’s largest journal with
respect to the number of articles published
Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLOS_ONE
Is open Access low
quality?

Examples
Nature Publishing Group acquired by Springer Media
Nature announces ‘open access’
Elsevier publishes more and more journals in open access
Elsevier acquires Mendeley (scientist sharing platform)
Many big publishers start supporting DOAJ
More and more main stream publishers are applying for being listed with DOAJ
Universities and organisations require open access journals to be listed with DOAJ

October 2013
February 2014
We need Quality
control
We need Quality
control3.

Ways of Quality ControlWays of Quality Control
Impact assessment ImpactStory
Article quality peer-review
Journal Quality DOAJ

IMPACT FactorsIMPACT Factors
Problems with Impact Factors
Abused for judging individual scientists
Abused for judging articles ‘a priori‘
Weak correlation of individual articles with IF-TR
Can be manipulated by self citation (author / journal)
It doesn‘t measure impact on higher education, on
human health and wealth, on societies and on equality,
participation and democracy
Source Bjorn Brembs Deep Impact
IF are more a measure of journal Status than of Quality

‘It is more important what you publish then where you publish’
Cameron Neylon
‘The relation between the impact factor and the quality of
individual articles of a journal is very weak’
‘The correlation of the number of retracted articles and the
impact factor is very strong’
Bjorn Brembs
‘Sick of impact factors’
Stephen Curry
We will no longer pay much attention to how much and where
our scientists publish, only quality will count
Secretary Sander Dekker, Minstry of Science & education NL
http://bit.ly/WNzA1Z

We need to redefine IMPACT
What to do with Impact Factors ?
Not only must we challenge the regime of the journal impact factor in its
current form– don´t blame Garfield, don´t blame Thomson Reuters. Impact of
science on science itself is a very problematic measurement as we all know.
 the worst thing about this regime is its devastating effects on research in
developing countries and countries in transition. The push for researchers
from those countries and continents to publish in high impact
factor journals has decisive influence on the subject of their research and
much more so is a big obstacle for open access publishing.
Lars Bjornshauge PKP conference , Berlin 2011

Impact : it is not only about citationsImpact : it is not only about citations
Nouvelle Définition de Impact en tenant compte de
nouveaux facteurs bibliographiques

Online access = more citations / Elie Dolgin. (February
2009),www.thescientist.com/blog/display/55437
Taux de citation des revues en Open Access Les revues en Open Access
bénéficient de taux de citation similaires aux revues payantesMais les revues en Open
Access ont un plus grand lectorat notamment dans les pays en développement
Impact of Open AccessImpact of Open Access
Impact des revues OA en « Agriculture »Les articles en accès libre sont
d’avantage cités (taux médian de citation de 4) que les articles en accès payant
(taux de 2)

Impact of Open AccessImpact of Open Access
 Even your own doctor does not have access to the scientific literature
 Many scholars don’t have access to Web Of Science,Scopus, ScienceDirect
Or to other paid services including direct subscriptions
 Open Access is for all those people who need access
 DOAJ offers a portal to access quality Open Access journals
 plus a searchable database with direct links to open access articles

Making Information available and accessible
•Health information for patients and doctors
•Government data for citizens
•Scientific information for everyone e.g. Agricultural information
Tools like the Open Access Button can help catalyse change
and create a world where science has more impact,
is more efficient and importantly available to everyone
Professor Randy Schekman,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013.
https://openaccessbutton.org/

Managing
Editor
Associate Editors: reviewing applications, communicate with publishers,
recommend inclusion/rejection
Editors: allocating applications to Associate Editors, recommend
inclusion/rejection
Managing Editors: allocate applications to Editors & decide on
inclusion/rejection

The quality of open access journals
The Mission of DOAJ

COPE, OASPA, WAME & DOAJ:
• http://oaspa.org/principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing/

The DOAJ SEAL
The best you can get!

Given reasons for being listed in DOAJ!
• Increased visibility : 97%
• Increased traffic : 85%
• Prestige : 86%
• Certification : 87%
• Eligibility for support from OA-publication funds: 64%
• Better promotion : 80%
• Increased submissions : 72%

New criteria (>50)
• The new application form:
• http://doaj.org/application/new

• Openness, Reuse& Remixing rights, Licensing,
Copyrights and Permissions!
Openness

Editorial ”quality”
QUALITY AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE
EDITORIAL PROCESS
• The journal must have two editors (Arts & Humanities) or an editorial board
of 5 members, all members must be easily identified and have a good
reputation
• Specification of the review process
– Editorial review, Peer review., Blind peer review, Double blind peer
review, Open Peer Review, Other
• Statements about aims & scope clearly visible
• Instructions to authors shall be available and easily located
• Screening for plagiarism?
• Time from submission to publication

Editorial issues
Specify what kind of reveiw process is applied: Editorial review, Peer
Review, Blind Peer Review, Double Blind Peer Review, Open Peer Review

Archiving/Preservation
• Archiving is important – too many OA-journals do not have an
archiving arrangement

Permanent Identifiers
(DOIs)
• Has your journal(s) implemented DOIs:
• Yes: 35%
• No: 55%
• Don´t know: 10%

Visits to DOAJ Website from Arabic speaking countries

Numbers of Journals from Arabic speaking counries that are listed in DOAJ
Egypt
Iran,IslamicRepublicof
Pakistan
Israel
UnitedArabEmirates
Iraq
Qatar
Algeria
SaudiArabia
Oman
Libya
Yemen
Bahrain
BruneiDarussalam
Palestine,Stateof
0.5
5
50
500
NumberofJournals

• ”upgrading” DOAJ is a major effort
• we will only be able to do this, if we get more
financial support from the community
• Please support the work we are doing!
• ”upgrading” DOAJ is a major effort
• we will only be able to do this, if we get more
financial support from the community
• Please support the work we are doing!

You as a publisher or organization can become
• Member or
• Sponsor of DOAJ
Go to DOAJ.org/sponsor
You as a publisher or organization can become
• Member or
• Sponsor of DOAJ
Go to DOAJ.org/sponsor

Thank you for your attention!
tom@doaj.org

Thanks to
all the Library Consortia, Universities and Publishers
and our Sponsors for the financial support to DOAJ!
tom@doaj.org

Credits to the hard working team at DOAJ:
Lars Bjørnshauge (Director), Sonja Brage, Rikard Zeylon,
Tom Olijhoek, Dominic Mitchell and all our incoming
Associate Editors and our technical partner Cottage
Labs!
tom@doaj.org

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