1 Samuel 21-24, Insane, Five Loaves; David’s Parents protected by Jordan; City Gates; En Gedi, Dead Sea; Who Shapes Our Conscience?; Do Not Speak Evil

1 Samuel 21-24
Insane, Five Loaves And Two Fish
David’s Parents were protected by Jordan
City Gates; En Gedi and the Dead Sea
Who Shapes Our Conscience?
Do Not Speak Evil

BIBLE IN FIVE
Pastor Dave Kooyers
Valley Bible Fellowship
Box 433
Boonville CA 95415
http://www.slideshare.net/dkooyers
www.ValleyBibleFellowship.org
(707) 895-2325
God bless you as you examine His Word,
Your servant in Christ, 2Cor. 4:5
These Microsoft PowerPoint presentations are provided "for the equipping of the saints for the work of service, to the building up of the body of Christ"
(Ephesians 4:12-15). To help Christians to "to grow up in all aspects into Him who is the head, even Christ." So that "we are no longer...tossed here and
there...by every wind of doctrine." They may be downloaded and modified free of charge.
Matthew 10:8 …Freely you received, freely give.

1 Samuel 21
Insane; Five Loaves And Two Fish;

1 Sam.
21:1
Then
David
came to
Nob…
4

Douay-Rheims Bible Outline
• 3. David Prepares for Saul’s Pursuit (21:1-22:5)
• a. David Eats and Arms Himself at Nob (21:1-9)
• b. David Seeks Refuge in Gath (21:10-15)
• c. David Gathers Forces at Adullam (22:1-2)
• d. David Hides His Parents at Mizpah (22:3-5)
• 4. Saul Slaughters the Priests at Nob (22:6-23)
• 5. David Saves Keilah from the Philistines (23:1-6)
• 6. The Philistines Save David from Saul (23:7-29)
• C. David Spares Saul’s Life (24:1-26:25)
• 1. David Spares Saul in the Cave (24:1-22)
5

1 Samuel 21:1
Ahimelech vs. Abimelech
• NAU 1 Samuel 21:1 Then David came to Nob to
Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech came
trembling to meet David and said to him,
"Why are you alone and no one with you?”
• NAU Psalm 34:1 A Psalm of David when he
feigned madness before Abimelech, who
drove him away and he departed. I will bless
the LORD at all times; His praise shall
continually be in my mouth.
6

1 Samuel 21:2, Truth?
• NAU 1 Samuel 21:2 David said to
Ahimelech the priest, "The king has
commissioned me with a matter and has
said to me, 'Let no one know anything
about the matter on which I am sending
you and with which I have commissioned
you; and I have directed the young men
to a certain place.’
• David is lying!

1 Samuel 21:3
Five Loaves And Two Fish
• NAU 1 Samuel 21:3 "Now therefore, what do you have
on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever can
be found.” 4 And the priest answered David and said,
"There is no ordinary bread on hand, but there is
consecrated bread; if only the young men have kept
themselves from women.”
• Mark 6:41 And He took the five loaves and the two
fish…
• Horace Bushnell said, “Trust God for great things; with
your five loaves and two fishes, he will show you a way
to feed thousands.”

1 Samuel 21:4, Jesus Used This
• NAS Matthew 12:1 At that time Jesus went on the
Sabbath through the grainfields, and His disciples
became hungry and began to pick the heads of grain
and eat. 2 But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to
Him, "Behold, Your disciples do what is not lawful to do
on a Sabbath." 3 But He said to them, "Have you not
read what David did, when he became hungry, he and
his companions; 4 how he entered the house of God,
and they ate the consecrated bread, which was not
lawful for him to eat, nor for those with him, but for the
priests alone? 5 "Or have you not read in the Law, that
on the Sabbath the priests in the temple break the
Sabbath, and are innocent? 6 "But I say to you, that
something greater than the temple is here.

1 Samuel 21:5, Open Vessels
• Julie Price tells, “My husband had four major
blockages in his heart, so the doctors planned for
an open-heart surgery. On the morning of the
surgery, I drove to the hospital, worried and tense.
But my spirits lifted when I passed a church only
two blocks before the hospital. The church sign
announced the coming sermon:
• WANTED—OPEN VESSELS.”

1 Samuel 21:6, Is Picking Grain To Eat
Breaking The Law?
• There were no McDonald’s along the highway then.
• Hospitality was a life or death matter in the desert.
• Inhospitality to a desert traveler could be
considered an act of war.
• Deuteronomy 23:25 "When you enter your
neighbor's standing grain, then you may pluck the
heads with your hand, but you shall not wield a
sickle in your neighbor's standing grain.

1 Samuel 21:10, Gath
• NAU 1 Samuel 21:10 Then David arose
and fled that day from Saul, and went to
Achish king of Gath.
1
2

1 Samuel
21:10 David
… went to
Achish king
of Gath
13

• NAU 1 Samuel 21:13 So he
disguised his sanity before
them, and acted insanely in
their hands, and scribbled on
the doors of the gate, and let
his saliva run down into his
beard.

1 Samuel 21:13, Insane
• NAU Acts 26:24 While Paul was saying this in his
defense, Festus said in a loud voice, "Paul, you
are out of your mind! Your great learning is
driving you mad."

1 Samuel 22
King David’s Parents were protected by
Moab, Jordan

• c. David Gathers Forces at Adullam (22:1-2)
• d. David Hides His Parents at Mizpah (22:3-5)
• 4. Saul Slaughters the Priests at Nob (22:6-23)
1
8

1 Samuel 22:1, Adullam?
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:1 So David departed from there
and escaped to the cave of Adullam [a caveman?]; and
when his brothers and all his father's household
heard of it, they went down there to him.
• NAU Genesis 38:1 …Judah departed from his
brothers and visited a certain Adullamite, whose
name was Hirah. 2 Judah saw there a daughter of a
certain Canaanite whose name was Shua; and he
took her and went in to her.
• Joshua 12:7-15 Now these are the kings of the land
whom Joshua and the sons of Israel defeated
beyond the Jordan toward the west… 15…the king
of Adullam…

1 Samuel 22:2, David’s Gang
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:2 Everyone who was in
distress, and everyone who was in debt, and
everyone who was discontented gathered to
him; and he became captain over them. Now
there were about four hundred men with him.
• I wonder if the story of Robin Hood and his
Merry Men came from this Bible story?
2
0

1 Samuel 22:3, David’s Parents were
protected by Moab, Jordan?
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:3 And David went from there
to Mizpah of Moab; and he said to the king of
Moab, "Please let my father and my mother
come and stay with you until I know what God
will do for me.”
• NAU Psalm 57:1 …A Mikhtam of David, when
he fled from Saul in the cave…
• NAS Psalm 56:1 …A Mikhtam of David, when
the Philistines seized him in Gath…
2
1

1 Samuel 22:3, David’s Parents were
protected by Moab, Jordan?
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:3 …let my father and my
mother come and stay with you…
• David Hocking tells about when he led a tour
group into Jordan and he mentioned animosity
between Jordan and Israel. The Jordanian tour
guide reminded him of this passage.
2
2

1 Samuel 22:5,
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:5 The prophet Gad said to
David, "Do not stay in the stronghold; depart,
and go into the land of Judah." So David
departed and went into the forest of Hereth.
2
3

1 Samuel 22:9
Doeg the Edomite
• NAU 1 Samuel 22:9 Then Doeg the Edomite,
who was standing by the servants of Saul, said,
"I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to
Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.
• NAU Psalm 52:1 For the choir director. A
Maskil of David, when Doeg the Edomite came
and told Saul and said to him, "David has come
to the house of Ahimelech.”…
2
4

1 Samuel 23
City Gates
En Gedi and the Dead Sea

• 5. David Saves Keilah from the Philistines
(23:1-6)
• 6. The Philistines Save David from Saul (23:7-
29)
2
7

1 Samuel 23:7, City Gates, by Archaeologist Dr. James
Fleming of Explorations in Antiquity Center
• “Isn't it interesting the way the Bible says that to judge righteously if you're a prophet is to "lift up your heads, o ye gates." Now gates don't look like heads do
they? But, gates have judges.
• Dr. Reagan: That's Psalm 24. "Lift up your heads, O gates, that the King of Glory may come in."
• Dr. Fleming: If you make bad judgments then your heads are bowed down in shame. How then can you say judge righteously and walk with your heads tall? The
answer is that you deal justly in the land. And so, the gate is a very important symbol.”
• Explorations in Antiquity Center: Judgment at the City Gates
• Posted: 05 Dec 2012 06:56 AM PST
• By Dr. David R. Reagan
• In Bible times, why were city gates so important?
• This question was posed to Dr. James Fleming, one of the most knowledgeable teachers of Biblical Archaeology, on our show Christ in Prophecy. Dr. Fleming lived and taught in Israel for 37 years
at Jerusalem University College and at the Hebrew University. His first claim to fame is that he discovered the ancient Eastern Gate buried beneath the current one. Dr. Fleming has walked or
motorcycled about every square mile of Israel, and is so familiar with Israel past and present that Israeli tour guides come to him for training.
• He now operates the Explorations in Antiquity Center in LaGrange, Georgia, an interactive museum where people here in the U.S. can experience the life and times of Jesus Christ in the First
Century. It's a fascinating place, and so in this series we're going to tour the facility to glean new insights into the Bible by understanding the manners, customs and times of the Bible.
•
• City Gates
• Dr. Reagan: The city's gate was a very important place, wasn't it?
• Dr. Fleming: Yes, amazingly. A city gate is normally located on the hill where your town is set so it has nice access to the plain or valley outside. Because it's usually a lower approach where your
gate is, you have to make it extra strong. The easiest place to attack a city would also be the lowest access point. In response, you build up extra towers usually at the highest part.
• For defense, little loop holes are placed on the tower so you could fire out balls and arrows through them, as well as throw down things that aren't very nice on your enemy, such as hot oil. That
certainly messed up your whole day!
• Under the road is often drainage, because it's also the lowest place in your town. So, there would have to be drainage going out of the town.
• The most important aspect of the city gate is that it's where your judges sit.
• Dr. Reagan: I always read about them sitting at the gates in the Bible. The judges judge at the gate.
• Dr. Fleming: For the Center's gate towers, each has two gate chambers inside. It's interesting that 3,000 years ago these chambers were called Judge's Chambers, and they included the judges'
benches. There would be a judge's chamber on either side and also then usually a U-shaped bench inside where the judges sit. Their placement would also serve as passport control.
• Dr. Reagan: So, nobody could just wander into this city?
• Dr. Fleming: The problem is a security problem. Are we friend or foe? Might we steal things? Do we want to stay the night? Usually there is an open area inside the gate where you would have
guards and the people could stay. Also, there is usually a roof or two for those who maybe you don't fully trust them to be in town. Therefore, you can have them sleep up on the roof. If instead
it's someone you have known over the years, you will have them go on in and stay at your inns and in people's homes.
• Not only is the placement of the judges by the gates for passport control, but birth records are kept at the gate. The Romans knew that Jews would try to avoid paying their high taxes to Rome
for the body count, so they made them go to the place of their birth records. Even though in the Gospels Joseph was living in Nazareth, his birth records were kept in Bethlehem. That's why he
had to go on that journey, because the birth records were kept at the gates.
• Even in a small town, you need three judges so there won't be a split decision. Sometimes a judge can't make up his mind, so there will be a good governor will visit the towns at least once a
year to process those undecided cases. Understand that Herod Philip was such a governor over Caesarea Philippi which was his territory. Herod Antipas, though, he was not as conscientious.
• The gate is also where you might have some public meetings where crowds could be addressed at the city gate. When the governor or even more the king is visiting, you have a throne already
set up for them, such as a little footstool area. This location would be used for the address of the important proclamations of the governor or ruler or even the king coming through.

1 Samuel 23:7, City Gates
• NAU 1 Samuel 23:7 When it was told Saul that David
had come to Keilah, Saul said, "God has delivered him
into my hand, for he shut himself in by entering a city
with double gates and bars."

• Dr. Fleming: “…A city gate is normally located on the
hill where your town is set so it has nice access to
the plain or valley outside. Because it's usually a
lower approach where your gate is, you have to
make it extra strong. The easiest place to attack a
city would also be the lowest access point. In
response, you build up extra towers usually at the
highest part. For defense, little loop holes are
placed on the tower so you could fire out balls and
arrows through them, as well as throw down things
…such as hot oil… The most important aspect of the
city gate is that it's where your judges sit…

• Dr. Fleming: For the Center's gate towers, each has two
gate chambers inside. It's interesting that 3,000 years ago
these chambers were called Judge's Chambers, and they
included the judges' benches. There would be a judge's
chamber on either side and also then usually a U-shaped
bench inside where the judges sit. Their placement would
also serve as passport control. …Not only is the placement
of the judges by the gates for passport control, but birth
records are kept at the gate… in the Gospels Joseph was
living in Nazareth, his birth records were kept in
Bethlehem. That's why he had to go on that journey,
because the birth records were kept at the gates… This
location would be used for the address of the important
proclamations of the governor or ruler or even the king
coming through…”

• NAU 1 Samuel 23:11 "Will the men of Keilah
surrender me into his hand? Will Saul come
down just as Your servant has heard? O LORD
God of Israel, I pray, tell Your servant." And
the LORD said, "He will come down.” 12 Then
David said, "Will the men of Keilah surrender
me and my men into the hand of Saul?" And
the LORD said, "They will surrender you.” 13
Then David and his men, about six hundred,
arose and departed from Keilah…
3
2
1 Samuel 23:11, David’s Prayer

1 Samuel 23:11, Buttermilk Prayer
• “A visiting minister was attending a men’s
breakfast in Iowa farm county. He asked one of
the impressive older farmers in attendance to say
grace that morning. After all were seated, the
older farmer began:
• “Lord, I hate buttermilk.
• The minister opened one eye and wondered to
himself where this was going.
• Then the farmer loudly proclaimed, “Lord, I hate
lard.”
• Now the minister was overly worried. However
without missing
3
3

• a beat, the farmer prayed on, “And Lord, you know
I don’t care much for raw white flour.”
• Just as the minister was ready to stand up and stop
everything, the farmer continued,
• “But Lord, when you mix ‘em all together and bake
‘em up, I do love fresh biscuits. So Lord, when
things come up we don’t like, when life gets hard,
when we just don’t understand what you are sayin'
to us, we just need to relax and wait ‘till You are
done mixin’, and probably it will be somethin' even
better than biscuits”. Amen.”
3
4
1 Samuel 23:11, Buttermilk Prayer

En Gedi and the Dead Sea
• NAU 1 Samuel 23:29 David went up from there and
stayed in the strongholds of Engedi.

Fish living by the Dead Sea-
Prophecy of Ezekial Unfolding
https://youtu.be/x5A3GkuRaMI
3
6

1 Samuel 24
Who Shapes Our Conscience? Do
Not Speak Evil

• C. David Spares Saul’s Life (24:1-26:25)
• 1. David Spares Saul in the Cave (24:1-22)
3
8

3
9
Let’s read 1 Samuel 24:1-7

1 Samuel 24:4, Know Your Enemy
• The military philosopher Sun Tzu famously said,
“If you know the enemy and know yourself, you
need not fear the result of a hundred battles.”
• I say it’s better to know your Advocate than your
adversary.
• If Job knew the One he thought was his enemy, he
would have been better off.
• 1 Peter 5:8 Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your
adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring
lion, seeking someone to devour.

1 Samuel 24:5, Conscience
• NAU 1 Samuel 24:5 It came about afterward
that David's conscience bothered him because
he had cut off the edge of Saul's robe.
• The only OT use of the word “conscience”
41

1 Samuel 24:5, The Berean Call full article after “THE END”
Who Shapes Our Conscience?
• March 18, 2013, WHO SHAPES OUR CONSCIENCE? [Excerpts]
• What determines our values in today's fast-changing world? Who imprints its values on our conscience? Do parents? Teachers? The
Media? Or our omnipotent God?
It depends! In former times, the Christian conscience played a leading role in American schools and families....We live in a new era! The
Bible-trained conscience has largely been replaced by contrary guidelines that twist, scorn, or deny God's truth. Some still point to a
conscience, but most people redefine it to match today's cultural values and personal inclinations. These examples illustrate the
diversity:
• Social Conscience: "Our conscience is not the vessel of eternal verities [Biblical truth]. It grows with our social life, and a new social
condition means a radical change in conscience" (Walter Lippmann, A Preface to Politics, Mitchell Kennerley, New York and London,
1914).
• National Conscience: "Our concept of governing is...a concept deeply rooted in a set of beliefs firmly etched in the national
conscience..." (Congresswoman Barbara Jordan, Democratic Convention Keynote Address: "Who Then Will Speak for the Common
Good?", New York, New York, July 12, 1976).
• Bypassing the Conscience: "No art passes our conscience in the way film does, and goes directly to our feelings, deep down into the dark
rooms of our souls" ("Biography for Ingmar Bergman" athttp://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000005/bio).
• Mocking the Conscience: "What a man calls his 'conscience' is merely the mental action that follows a sentimental reaction after too
much wine or love" (Helen Rowland, A Guide to Men (1922)
athttp://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Helen_Rowland#A_Guide_to_Men_.281922.29).
• Cultural Conscience: (Christian or not): "The conscience of children is formed by the influences that surround them..." ("The Conscience
of Children," at National Character Education Center).
• In stark contrast to the above, Martin Luther dared take a stand against the reign of a corrupt and oppressive church back in April 1521.
For his uncompromising faith, he was declared an outlaw on May 25. You may remember his words: "...it is neither safe nor wise to do
anything against conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen" ("English Bible History: Martin Luther"
at http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-history/martin-luther.html).
• Back in the 1930s, Adolph Hitler was determined to quench that Bible-trained conscience. It clashed with his Nazi agenda. In two
separate speeches he said: "Your child belongs to us already.... What are you? You will pass on. Your descendants, however, now
stand in the next camp. In a short time they will know nothing else but this community" (1933). "This new Reich will give its youth to
no one, but will itself take youth and give to youth its own education and its own upbringing" (1937) (William L. Shirer, The Rise And
Fall Of The Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany, 1959). And now, in the fading light of the Biblical conscience, America is headed
in the same direction.
True liberty depends on our relationship with our heavenly Father! When He draws us to Himself and fills us with His Spirit, His
guidelines are stamped on our conscience as we "feed on" His Word and heed His "voice." But those who ignore that "voice" will be
left with the ever-changing values of an increasingly corrupt world system. What would you choose? "Holding faith, and a good
conscience; which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck" (1 Timothy 1:19).
http://www.crossroad.to/articles2/0013/1-bible-based-conscience.htm
• The Berean Call via thebereancall.ccsend.com

• “What determines our values in today's fast-changing
world? Who imprints its values on our conscience? Do
parents? Teachers? The Media? Or our omnipotent God?
…the Christian conscience played a leading role in
American schools and families....We live in a new era! The
Bible-trained conscience has largely been replaced by
contrary guidelines that twist, scorn, or deny God's truth.
Some still point to a conscience, but most people redefine
it to match today's cultural values and personal
inclinations…
• …Martin Luther dared take a stand against the reign
of a corrupt and oppressive church back in April
1521… You may remember his words: "...it is neither
safe nor wise to do anything against conscience.
Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen"
("English Bible History: Martin Luther" at http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-history/martin-luther.html)…”
• http://www.crossroad.to/articles2/0013/1-bible-based-conscience.htm
• The Berean Call via thebereancall.ccsend.com
1 Sam 24:5, Who Shapes Our Conscience?

1 Samuel 24:13, Do Not Speak Evil,
Speak Good Instead
• NAU 1 Samuel 24:13 "As the proverb of the
ancients says, 'Out of the wicked comes forth
wickedness‘…
• Usually expressed with words.
• NAU Ephesians 4:29 Let no unwholesome word
proceed from your mouth, but only such a
word as is good for edification according to the
need of the moment, so that it will give grace
to those who hear.
• NAU Romans 3:13 "THEIR THROAT IS AN OPEN
GRAVE, WITH THEIR TONGUES THEY KEEP
DECEIVING," "THE POISON OF ASPS IS UNDER
THEIR LIPS";

1 Samuel 24:13, Do Not Speak Evil,
Speak Good Instead
• NAU James 3:6 And the tongue is a fire, the
very world of iniquity; the tongue is set
among our members as that which defiles
the entire body, and sets on fire the course
of our life, and is set on fire by hell.
• Bret Nicholaus, “Go an entire day without
saying one negative comment about
anything or anyone! To really test your
resolve, pick a day when you’re going to be
talking to a lot of people- at a party, for
example.”

4
7
• “He who is the Bread of Life, began His ministry
hungry.
• He who is the Living Water, ended His ministry thirsty.
• He who was weary, is our true rest.
• He who paid tribute, is the King of Kings.
• He prayed, yet hears our prayers.
• He wept, but dries our tears.
• He was sold for thirty pieces of silver, yet redeemed
us.
• He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, but is the Good
Shepherd.
• He died and gave His life, and by dying destroyed
death for all who believe.” Author Unknown
THE END

1 Samuel 17:2+19, 21:9 The Valley of Elah
in the Days of Saul and David
• Dr. Scott Stripling describes the ruins at Khirbet
Qeifaya, where King Saul and David fought in
battle against the Philistines at the Elah Valley.
A pottery shard with Hebrew writing was
discovered here in 2008.
• http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2013/0
2/12/The-Valley-of-Elah-in-the-Days-of-Saul-
and-David.aspx

Judges 3:31, 10:6, 14:19, Philistines, Discovery of
Philistine Cemetery May Solve Biblical Mystery
• An unprecedented find in southern Israel may finally reveal the origins of one of the Hebrew Bible's greatest villains.
• An unrivaled discovery on the southern coast of Israel may enable archaeologists to finally unravel the origins of one of
the most notorious and enigmatic peoples of the Hebrew Bible: the Philistines.
• The discovery of a large cemetery outside the walls of ancient Ashkelon, a major city of the Philistines between the 12th
and 7th centuries B.C., is the first of its kind in the history of archaeological investigation in the region. (Read more about
ancient Ashkelon.)
• While more than a century of scholarship has identified the five major cities of the Philistines and artifacts distinctive to
their culture, only a handful of burials have been tentatively identified.
• Simply put, archaeologists have found plenty of pots, but very few people.
• Now, the discovery of a cemetery containing more than 211 individuals and dated from the 11th to 8th centuries B.C. will
give archaeologists the opportunity to answer critical questions regarding the origin of the Philistines and how they
eventually assimilated into the local culture.
• Until this discovery, the absence of such cemeteries in major Philistine centers has made researchers' understanding of
their burial practices—and by turn, their origins—"about as accurate as the mythology about George Washington
chopping down the cherry tree," says Lawrence Stager, an emeritus professor of archaeology at Harvard University, who
has led the Leon Levy Expedition to Ashkelon since 1985.
• According to the Hebrew Bible, the Philistines warred with their Israelite neighbors—even seizing the Ark of the Covenant
for a time.
• "The search [for a cemetery] became so desperate that archaeologists who study the Philistines began to joke that they
were buried at sea like the Vikings—that's why you couldn't find them," explains Assaf Yasur-Landau, an archaeologist at
Haifa University and co-director of the Tel Kabri project.
• Biblical Villains and Pig Eaters
• The Philistines are among the most notorious villains of the Hebrew Bible. This "uncircumcised" group controlled the
coastal region of modern-day southern Israel and the Gaza Strip and warred with their Israelite neighbors—even seizing

• An adult burial in the
Ashkelon cemetery
features a small juglet
which most likely once
held perfume. The juglet
was placed near the
nose of the deceased at
the time of interment.
• PHOTOGRAPH BY
TSAFRIR ABAYOV FOR
THE LEON LEVY
EXPEDITION TO
ASHKELON

Assistant excavation
director Adam Aja
documents a burial in
the first Philistine
cemetery ever
discovered at the site of
Ashkelon in southern
Israel.
PHOTOGRAPH BY TSAFRIR ABAYOV
FOR THE LEON LEVY EXPEDITION TO
ASHKELON

A child burial is excavated
at Ashkelon. The few
children and infants
buried in the cemetery
were interred with a
covering or "blanket" of
broken pottery.
PHOTOGRAPH BY
MELISSA AJA FOR THE
LEON LEVY EXPEDITION
TO ASHKELON

A group of Sea Peoples, most likely Philistines, is depicted in
this detail from a relief at the mortuary temple of Ramses III in
Luxor, Egypt. The pharaoh battled the mysterious coalition of
tribes around 1180 B.C.
PHOTOGRAPH BY GLASSHOUSE IMAGES, ALAMY

Future examination of the remains from the Ashkelon cemetery
will include isotopic analysis of the teeth, which can reveal the
geographic areas in which an individual lived.
PHOTOGRPAH BY TSAFRIR ABAYOV FOR THE LEON LEVY EXPEDITION TO ASHKELON

Unearthing a Philistine cemetery in
ancient Ashkelon, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYNt5KjGgS8

Judges 3:31, 10:6, 14:19, Philistines, Discovery of
Philistine Cemetery May Solve Biblical Mystery
• Human remains buried almost 3,000 years ago
in southern Israel may help researchers finally
solve the mystery of the Philistines' origins.
• An adult burial in the Ashkelon cemetery features a small juglet which
most likely once held perfume. The juglet was placed near the nose of the
deceased at the time of interment.

Fish Fall From The Sky in Annual Miracle That
Feeds the Poor
By Adam Eliyahu Berkowitz
• In Honduras, the annual rain of fish has fallen. At least once a year, sometimes twice, usually around May or June, fish
rain down from the heavens onto Yoro, Honduras. The locals call it Lluvia de Peces (downpour of fish) and claim it has
been happening every year or about one hundred years. One rabbi claims this strange occurrence is a wakeup call
warning of things to come.
• No one has actually seen the fish falling from the sky. Simply put, after a heavy rain, the ground will suddenly be covered
with fish. The residents collect the fish for their kitchen tables, but selling it is prohibited. Despite several attempts to
discover the source of the strange phenomenon, scientists remain baffled.
• The locals, however, have a simpler explanation: it’s a miracle.
• image: https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/fish.jpg
• Fish that fell from the sky (YouTube)
• A story is told of a Spanish priest, Father José Manuel de Jesus Subirana, who arrived in Honduras in 1855 and worked
there until his death in 1864. According to the legend, Father Subirana saw the suffering of the poor people in Honduras
and prayed for three days and three nights that God should help the poor people and to provide them food. In answer to
his prayer, a dark cloud appeared and fish rained from the sky, feeding all the people. Since then this wonder is repeated
every year.
• There have actually been several reports of fish raining down from heaven, but Honduras appears to be the only place
blessed with this deluge of seafood on a regular basis.
• image: https://www.breakingisraelnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/457-PlantTree-DesertBloom-600WIDE.jpg
• The prophet Zephaniah begins his prophecy with a scenario of dying wildlife, specifically mentioning fish.
• I will sweep away man and beast; I will sweep away the birds of the sky And the fish of the sea. I will make the wicked
stumble, And I will destroy mankind From the face of the earth —declares Hashem. Zephaniah 1:3
• Rabbi Yosef Dayan, a former member of the nascent Sanhedrin, said that such occurrences are signs of nature being
directed by God.
• “More and more, we are seeing natural occurrences that aren’t natural as we know it,” Rabbi Dayan told Breaking Israel
6
1

1 Samuel 21:6, The Consecrated Bread
• Matthew 12:4 how he entered the house of God, and
they ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful
for him to eat nor for those with him, but for the priests
alone?
• Leviticus 24:9 "It shall be for Aaron and his sons, and
they shall eat it in a holy place; for it is most holy to him
from the LORD'S offerings by fire, his portion forever.“
• David is fleeing from Saul in, 1 Samuel 21:6 So the
priest gave him consecrated bread; for there was no
bread there but the bread of the Presence which was
removed from before the LORD, in order to put hot
bread in its place when it was taken away.

1 Samuel 21:9, Archaeologists Discover
Goliath Relatives?, Ashkelon
• “After decades of studying what Philistines left behind, we have finally come face to face with the people
themselves,” said Daniel Master, the American archaeologist who has led an excavation of the site since
1985. “With this discovery, we are unlocking the secrets of their origins.”
• Master and his team, under the Leon Levy Expedition associated with Harvard University’s Semitic Museum
and other institutions, have been studying the remains of a Philistine settlement at the edge of the Israeli city
Ashkelon for three decades. The cemetery—likely the first such discovery of its kind—was found in 2013 but
kept under wraps until just recently.
• Goliath, slain in the Bible by David, Israel’s future king, is arguably the most famous Philistine. His people
lived some three millennia ago as strangers in Jewish territory near what is now Tel Aviv.
• The Philistines were traders and seafarers who lived in the area between what is now Gaza and Tel Aviv
from 1200 to about 600 BC. They spoke a language of Indo-European origin, did not practice circumcision as
the Jews did, and ate pork and dog, according to the researchers.
• They were also said to have been experts in making wine and oil.
• -www.dw.com/en, 12 July 2016
• Arno Froese <info@midnightcall.com Commentary: The story recorded in Scripture is extremely important
because, from the lineage of David, the Messiah was born. He had to be born from a free house, as 1 Samuel
17:25 documents, “And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is
he come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will
give him his daughter, and make his father’s house free in Israel” (1 Samuel 17:25). David did slay Goliath, and
he indeed became free, but not in reality physically, because he was severely persecuted by King Saul.
63

1 Samuel 21-24, Insane, Five Loaves; David’s Parents protected by Jordan; City Gates; En Gedi, Dead Sea; Who Shapes Our Conscience?; Do Not Speak Evil

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