This document discusses various types of sculpture including freestanding sculpture, relief sculpture, and sculpture fundamentals involving form, technique, and content. It also discusses repetition in sculpture through motifs and provides biographies of sculptors Don Gummer, Betty Gold, and Alexander Calder. Finally, it lists some paper sculpting techniques including tabbing, slotting, splicing, curling, and zig zag accordion folding.

1. Sculpture A Three-dimensional work of Art.

2. Two dimensional Flat, Height and Width Three dimensional Volume or thickness, height, width and depth.

3. Freestanding Sculpturealso called Sculpture in the Round Sculpture in the Round (Freestanding Sculpture)—Stands by itself, usually made for viewing from all sides.

4. Relief Sculpture Relief Sculpture -A sculptural surface that that is not freestanding, but projects from a background of which it is a part.

5. Relief Sculpture Low (Bas) Relief– A form of a sculpture in which portions of the design stand out slightly from a flat background.

6. High Relief High Relief– A relief where half of the forms normal thickness projects from the background.

7. Sculpture Fundamentals Form–The total mass or configuration that the subject or idea takes. The final physical structure of the sculpture.

8. Sculpture Fundamentals Technique– The marriage of materials and tools with the ability of the sculptor.

9. Sculpture Fundamentals Content– The emotion, passion or message that the sculptor intends to convey through the sculpture.

10. Repetition in Sculpture Motif - A unit that is repeated in visual rhythm. Units in a motif may or may not be an exact duplicate of the first unit.

11. Betsy Atwell Dudley Many of my sculptures have dealt with the repetition of layers in wood, clay and metal. At first, they represented civilizations and ancestral and social patterns. However, as I got closer to nature and to my own center, I sensed a deeper meaning. I began to acknowledge and appriciate the presence of the divine in everything. My art became stronger as I focus on the two fondations of reality-matter and spirit.

13. Don Gummer Don Gummer is an American sculptor born 1946 in Louisville, Kentucky. His early work concentrated on table top and wall-mounted sculpture. In the mid 1980s he shifted his interest to large free-standing works, often in bronze. In the 1990s he added a variety of other materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum and stained glass. His interest in large outdoor works also led him to an interest in public art. Education School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; BFA, MFA www.dongummer.com

22. Alexander Calder

32. Paper Sculpting Techniques Tabbing Slotting Splicing Curling Zig Zag - Accordian