Content of the Presentation Regulatory Failure: It is useful to explain how such dangerous products could have made it to the market with government approval. Several slides include quotes from formerly secret FDA documents that show how government policy was at odds with more cautious scientific opinion at the agency. Health Risks of GMOs: This section highlights many of the adverse findings revealed through laboratory experiments and reported by farmers, doctors, and investigators. It also introduces some theoretical risks based on the current state of the science. The Consumer Tipping Point: The final section includes a discussion of a strategy to achieve the tipping point of consumer rejection of GMOs in the US, which is the basis for our Campaign for Healthier Eating in America. The key elements needed are consumer education on GMO health risks combined with clear non-GMO choices. The Institute for Responsible Technology http://www.responsibletechnology.org/resources/powerpoint-presentation-on-gmos

1. The Health Risks of
Genetically Modified Foods

2. US GM crops
Soy 94%
Corn 88%
Cotton 93%
Canola 90% (Canada)
Sugar beets 95%
Alfalfa (hay, not sprouts) ?%

3. Hawaiian papaya
virus resistant
Zucchini
crookneck
squash
virus resistant
Minor Food

4. How do we avoid GMOs?
 Buy organic
 Buy products that are labeled non-GMO
 Buy products listed on a
Non-GMO Shopping Guide
 Avoid at-risk ingredients
See
www. NonGMO ShoppingGuide . co
m

5. Rate
yourself
1-100, How vigilant were you
to avoid GM food when
eating out?
1-100, How vigilant were you
this week to avoid bringing
GM food home?

6. Rate yourself
1-100, How active you have
been in educating people on
this issue?

7. cells
nucleus
chromosome
DNA
gene
A A C T C G T
Basepairs: A-T & C-G (nucleotides)
T T G A G C A

8. How does
Genetic Engineering work?
1. Isolate a gene with a
desired trait*
2. Change the gene so it will
work in plants*
3. Prepare plant cells or tissue
4. Transform plant cells using a gene gun
or bacteria infection method*
5. Re-grow cells to plants via tissue culture
(cloning)*
* Steps that contain scientific uncertainties and risk potential

9. Gene construct
Promoter: on switch often CaMV (virus)
Gene sequence e.g. Bt toxin gene
from soil bacterium
e.g. from pea
Stop signal

10. Identify cells with
incorporated genes
Test for markers
Add antibiotic
Only transformed
cells survive

11. Grow transformed GM
cells
via cloning (tissue culture)

12. Antibiotic Resistant Genes
“ IT WOULD BE A SERIOUS
HEALTH HAZARD TO
INTRODUCE A GENE THAT
CODES FOR ANTIBIOTIC
RESISTANCE INTO THE
NORMAL FLORA OF THE
GENERAL POPULATION.”
Director, Division of Anti-infective Drug Products

13. Agency scientists
warned
of:
Allergens
Toxins
New diseases
Nutritional problems

14.  GM plants could “contain
unexpected high concentrations of
plant toxicants.”
 “ The possibility of unexpected,
accidental changes in genetically
engineered plants justifies a
limited traditional toxicological
study.”
FDA Toxicology Group

15. 1. “Increased levels of known naturally
occurring toxins”,
2. “Appearance of new, not previously
identified” toxins,
3. Increased tendency to gather “toxic
substances from the environment” such
as “pesticides or heavy metals”, and
4. “Undesirable alterations in the levels of
nutrients.”
They recommended testing every GM
food “before it enters the marketplace.”
Division of Food Chemistry and Technology

16. “Residues of plant
constituents or toxicants in
meat and milk products may
pose human food safety
concerns.”
Gerald Guest, Director, FDA’s
Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)

17. FDA declares GMOs no different
“The agency is not aware of
any information showing
that foods derived by these
new methods differ from
other foods in any
meaningful or uniform way.”
“Statement of Policy”
May 29, 1992
Food and Drug Administration

18. Secret FDA
documents
confirmed that
the facts
contradicted the
statement

19. What was said within FDA
“The processes of genetic engineering
and traditional breeding are different,
and according to the technical
experts in the agency, they lead to
different risks.”
Linda Kahl, FDA compliance
officer

20. By “trying to force an ultimate
conclusion that there is no
difference between foods
modified by genetic engineering
and foods modified by traditional
breeding practices,” the agency
was “trying to fit a square peg
into a round hole.”
Linda Kahl, FDA compliance officer

21. “Animal feeds derived from
genetically modified plants present
unique animal and food safety
concerns.”
“I would urge you to eliminate
statements that suggest that the
lack of information can be used as
evidence for no regulatory concern.”
Gerald Guest, Director, FDA’s
Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)

22. “There is a profound difference between the types of
unexpected effects from traditional breeding and genetic
engineering,”
“There is no certainty that [breeders] will be able to pick
up effects that might not be obvious.”
“This is the industry’s pet idea, namely that there are no
unintended effects that will raise the FDA’s level of
concern. But time and time again, there is no data to back
up their contention.”
FDA microbiologist Louis Pribyl

23. “What has happened to the scientific elements
of this document? Without a sound scientific
base to rest on, this becomes a broad, general,
‘What do I have to do to avoid trouble’-type
document. . . . It will look like and probably be
just a political document. . . . It reads very pro-
industry, especially in the area of unintended
effects.”
FDA microbiologist Louis Pribyl

24. Who overruled
the scientists?
Michael Taylor
• In charge of FDA policy
• Former Monsanto attorney
• Later Monsanto vice president
• Now US Food Safety Czar

25. ‘Based on the safety and nutritional assessment you
have conducted, it is our understanding that Monsanto
has concluded that corn products derived from this new
variety are not materially different in composition,
safety, and other relevant parameters from corn
currently on the market, and that the genetically
modified corn does not raise issues that would require
premarket review or approval by FDA. . . . as you are
aware, it is Monsanto’s responsibility to ensure that
foods marketed by the firm are safe...’”
FDA Letter to Monsanto, 1996

26. First GM Crop
FlavrSavr
Tomato

27. Rats refused
to eat the
tomato Yuk!

28. Many animals avoided GM feed
when given a choice

29. Mice avoided GM corn

30. After 28 days
•7 of 20 rats developed stomach lesions
•Another 7 of 40 died within 2 weeks
Industry study

31. First possible
cause of
problems
The process of
creating a GM crop
creates unpredicted
changes in DNA
and plant
composition

32. Unexpected
changes
in the DNA
•Mutations (2-4% of DNA)
•Deletion of genes
•Permanently on or off
•Altered gene expression
(up to 5%)

33. Disruption of gene networks
July 1, 2007, New York Times:
 The presumption that genes operate independently has
been institutionalized. . . . It is the economic and
regulatory foundation on which the entire biotechnology
industry is built.
 Evidence of a networked genome shatters the scientific
basis for virtually every official risk assessment of today’s
commercial biotech products.
 Yet to date, every attempt to challenge safety claims for
biotech products has been categorically dismissed, or
derided as unscientific.

35. Changes in Mon 810 corn
“Interestingly, a newly
expressed spot (SSP 6711)
corresponding to 50 kDa
gamma zein, a well-known
allergenic protein, has been
detected. Moreover, as a major
concern, a number of seed
storage proteins … exhibited
truncated forms having
molecular masses significantly
lower than the native ones.”

36. GM soy has increased soy allergen
Trypsin inhibitor
(soy allergen)
up to 7 times higher
in cooked GM soy
(Not denatured from
cooking!)

37. Altered nutrients
Increased:
 Anti-nutrient (soy lectin)
 Allergen (trypsin inhibitor)
 Lignin (disease related?)
Reduced:
 Protein
 A fatty acid
 An essential amino acid
 Phytoestrogens

38. GM soy has higher lignin content
“Components of this
same biochemical
pathway also produce…
rotenone, a plant-
produced insecticide that
may cause Parkinson’s
disease.”
David Schubert, PhD, Salk Institute

39. UK attempts to create
long-term safety studies

40. Dr. Arpad
Pusztai

41. Rats fed GM potato (GNA lectin)
•Lining of the small
intestine showed
elevated lymphocyte
counts
•Thymus and spleen
showed changes
•White blood cells
responded more
slowly
(Ewen and Pusztai )

42. GM potatoes
damaged rats
(10 or 110 days)
Rats developed
• Potentially pre-cancerous
cell growth in the
digestive tract
• Smaller brains, livers and
testicles
• Partial atrophy of the
liver, and
• Immune system damage
Lancet, 1999 & others

43. Intestinal Wall
Non-GM GM

44. Stomach lining
Non-GM GM

45. A second cause of problems
The protein produced
by the inserted gene
may be harmful

46. primary traits
 Herbicide tolerance (73%)
Roundup Ready
Liberty Link
 Pesticide production (18%)
Bt toxin
 Crops with both traits (8%)

47. Bt-toxin
Industry claims Bt:
 Has a history of
safe use
 Is destroyed
during digestion
 Is not active in
mammals

48. In reality

49. Bt-toxin:
• Is highly immune stimulating (immunogenic) – both
mucosal and systemic responses
• As potent as cholera toxin
• Induces IgG, IgA, IgM responses
• (Dose dependent response observed) tio ns
• Is an adjuvant for other antigens Reac
(induces immune response) u se
rs Mo
rig ge
c)T
1A
t(Cry
B
(Vazquez-Padron)

50. Bt-toxin:
• Produced enhanced immune response to Hepatitis
B surface antigen, Bovine serum albumin for IgG,
IgM, and IgA antibodies. (Proposed vaccine
adjuvant.)
• Is as potent an immune stimulator as cholera toxin
• Cry1Ac is similar in structure to Cry1Ab used in
most Bt corn
(Vazquez, Scand. J. Immunol)
Bt in Mice, con’t

51. Bt Spray Affects Humans
Bt sprayed over Vancouver and Washington:
• 500 health complaints; 6 went to emergency room
for allergies or asthma.
Farm workers:
• Eye, nose, throat, respiratory irritation, skin
irritation, itching, swelling, allergic rhinitis, fever,
altered consciousness, and seizures.

52. Farm workers exposed to Bt
pesticides
Skin prick tests with Btk antigens in high,
medium and low exposure groups.
(Screens patients with suspected IgE mediated
allergies—mediated by B cells)
(Bernstein)

53. “The number of positive skin-prick tests …
increased 1 month after exposure and
persisted for 4 months after repetitive
exposure.”

54. Serum antibody test (Bt extracts)
• Significantly higher IgG and IgE response in high
exposure workers. Unexposed controls had no
response.
• Some workers had IgG antibodies prior to first spray
from exposure in years prior
• Specific IgE antibody levels in workers before first spray,
increased after 1 month and remained elevated 4
months later

55. Symptoms
• Some workers
reported respiratory,
eye, and skin
symptoms
• Those with significant
reactions may have
found work elsewhere
(Healthy Worker
Effect)

56. Implications
• “This is the first report of
immune responses occurring
in farm workers exposed to
Bt-containing pesticides”
• “Exposure to Btk spray may
lead to allergic sensitization”
• Shows allergic potential for
environmental bacteria – a
phenomena seen in relatively
few bacteria
• Shows that, contrary to
assertions, humans are
reactive to Bt-toxin

57. Expert advisors to the EPA:
Mouse and farm worker studies:
“Suggest that Bt proteins could act as
antigenic and allergenic sources. …
Only surveillance and clinical
assessment of exposed individuals
will confirm the allergenicity of Bt
products.”
(EPA Scientific Advisory Panel 2001)

58. Bt in crops

59. Mice ate Bt corn (30/90
days)
Multiple immune
system
responses
Government of Italy
November 2008

60. Weaning and old mice fed Bt (Mon 810)
corn
Weaning mice:
• Changes in T cells, B cells and T
cell subsets – CD4+ and CD8+,
γδ (gamma delta) T cells, αβ
(alpha beta) T cells
Old mice:
• Changes in B cells,
T cells, γδ T cells
(Finamore)

61. IgG & IgE
“Preliminary results
indicate an increase
of total IgG and IgE in
both weaning an old
mice fed MON810
maize as compared
to its parental control
maize”
(Finamore)

62. Cytokines
(Immune signaling molecules)
“These cytokines (IL-6, IL-13,
IL12p70, MIP-1b) are involved in
allergic and inflammatory
responses”
(Finamore)

63. Increased only in weaning mice
Associations
Rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory
bowel disease, osteoporosis, multiple
sclerosis, various types of cancer
IL-6 (multiple myeloma and prostate
cancer)
IL-13 Allergy, allergic rhinitis, ALS (Lou
Gehrig’s disease)
Autoimmune disease and colitis.
MIP-1b Elevated in lung fluid of patients with
mustard gas pulmonary fibrosis

64. Increased in weaning & old mice
Associations
Inflammatory bowel
disease, multiple
IL-12p70 sclerosis

65. Increased only in weaning mice
Association
Regulates immune system – modulate
inflammatory response re: infection and
autoimmune disease.
In humans: elevated in asthma, in the
γδ IELs of children with untreated food
allergies, in the duodenum (small
(gamma intestine) of children with juvenile
delta) arthritis or connective tissue diseases
T cells with gastrointestinal symptoms.

66. Mice ate Bt/RR corn
Increased
infertility and
lower birth
weight
Government of Austria
November 2008

67. Rats ate Bt corn (90 days
Indicators for
liver and kidney toxicity,
blood pressure
problems, allergies,
infections or disease,
higher blood sugar,
and anemia
Monsanto study

68. 90 day Bt corn study (Mon 863)
Measure Function Potential indicator
Increased Creates May indicate allergic
Basophil histamine reaction
Counts
Increased Immune Lymphocytes increase in
Lymphocyte reactions to the presence of
Counts fight infections, cancer,
infections, various toxins, and
etc. disease states
Increased Same as Can result from bacterial
White Blood above infections, inflammation,
Cell Counts leukemia, trauma, and
stress
(Burns)

69. Bt cotton
Thousands of
laborers in India
reported allergic
reactions to Bt cotton

70. Itching all over the body,
eruptions, wounds,
discoloration

71. The Sunday Indian , 10/26/08
• Hospital records: “Show that
victims of itching have increased
massively this year, and all of them
are related to BT cotton farming.”
• Pharmacy manager: “Almost
every cotton worker from this village
suffers from itching. Not a day passes
by without a few of them coming to
purchase medicines for that.”

72. The Sunday Indian,
Indian
10/26/08
• Hospital records: “Victims of
itching have increased
massively this year . . . related
to BT cotton farming.”
• Pharmacy manager: “Almost
every cotton worker from this
village suffers from itching.”

73. Upper Eyes Skin Overal
respiratory l
Bt sneezing watery itching burning fever
Spray runny nose red inflammation
asthma red, swelling some in
hospital
Bt sneezing watery itching burning fever
cotton runny nose red eruptions
red, swelling some in
hospital

74. Bt cotton
Thousands of sheep
died after grazing on
Bt cotton plants

75. “The Andhra Pradesh government
has advised farmers not to allow
animals to graze on Bt cotton fields
after four institutes reported the
presence of toxins in them.”
The Hindustan Times, 17 June 2007

76. Bt also had skin problems
Animals
cotton

77. 3 sheep in each group
A) Bollgard I B) Bollgard II C) Non-
GMO
GMO groups:
•Reduction in food
•Swelling lips, frothy salivation, nasal discharge
•Bulging of head
•Slight fever
•100% mortality in 25-30 days
Feb.
2008

78. Indian buffaloes (Haryana)
• Most refuse to eat Bt cotton seed & oil
cake.
• Prolapsed uterus, premature deliveries
(majority), common abortions, conception
age advanced up to 2 years.
• Reduction in milk and fat content, taste
quality
• Skin problems
• Sudden death

79. Buffalo (Warangal)
• Grazed on Bt cotton plants (1 day)
• Sick and unconscious for 2-3 days
• 13 deaths

82. Post mortem (unofficial)
• Holes in lungs
• Liver: darker,
flattened, dry

83. Post mortem …
Undigested
food in
rumen
Does Bt toxin kill
rumen bacteria?

84. And 26 sheep and goats deaths

85. In the same village, many also
reported itching (raised hands)

86. Bt Cotton farmer suicides
Daily Mail
Nov. 3, 2008
“ An estimated 125,000 farmers …
[took] their own life as a result of
the ruthless drive to use India as
a testing ground for genetically
modified crops”

87. Bt corn, reports…
12 cows
died on a
German
farm

88. Bt corn, reports…
Farmers
say pigs
and
cows
became
sterile

89. Bt corn, reports…
Inhaled
pollen
may have

90. Inhaled Bt Pollen
Sneezing, asthma
coughs, nose bleeds,
swelling, fever, headache,
stomach ache, dizziness,
diarrhea, vomiting,
weakness, and numbness

91. Bt corn, reports…
Deaths after consuming corn:
• 9 horses
• 4 buffalos
• 37 chickens
• 5 unexplained human

92. Bt corn
(2011) Bt-toxin in
blood of Canadian
women and fetuses
(2012) Bt-toxin
damages human cells

93. Third reason for problems
The protein may be different than intended

94. The transgene sequence may:
Mutate or
truncate
Rearrange
Be read
differently
Produce
multiple
proteins

95. The protein may:
Be folded differently
Have different molecules attached

96. Altered
protein in
GM peas
may have
turned
them
deadly
Agricultural
Food Chemistry,
2005

97. GM peas with
aAI
GM fed mice:
Delayed type hypersensitivity
(DTH)
(used to determine
preexistent cell mediated
immunity – mediated by T
cells)
IgG1 significantly higher in
mice fed TG peas
Sensitized to egg white
protein alone—strong Th2
type response

98. Th2 type immune
response
Characterized by:
• Pulmonary eosinophelia
• Mucus hypersecretion
• Airway hyper reactivity

99. Th2 cytokines
Pathway:
Th2 cells secrete interleukins
IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 – which
turn on IgE production by B
cells, increase mast cells,
and increase eosinophils
• Th2 diseases
• Allergy
• Asthma
• Lupus
• Chemical Sensitivity
• Inflammatory Bowel
Disease

100. The Cause?
Post
translational
modification
• Mass spec and
Immunoblot of pea-
αAI:
• Changes in the protein
structure - potential
for being a new
antigen
(Prescott)

101. Fourth possible problem
More
herbicide
residues

102. GM crops increased herbicide use by 527 million
pounds over the first 16 years (1996-2011)
Glyphosate use per acre on:
RR soy up 227% (16 yrs)
RR corn up 54% (15 yrs)
RR cotton up 206% (15 yrs)
Herbicide use on Non-RR soy dropped by
20% over the same time period.

103. Bt crops produce more insecticide than
they displace (European corn borer 2010)
lbs / acre Bt's Increase
Chemical insecticide used
on non-GM corn 0.12
Bt-corn varieties
MON 810 0.18 150%
Bt 11 0.25 208%
MON 89034 0.6 500%

104. Bt crops produce more insecticide than
they displace (rootworm 2010)
lbs / acre Bt's Increase
Chemical insecticide on
0.19
non-GM corn
Bt-corn varieties
MON 88017 1.7 895%
*Dow/Pioneer DAS 59122-7 2.5 1316%

105. Chickens fed
Liberty Link corn
died at twice
the rate Industry study

106. More Liberty (Glufosinate) residues
• “Mock neurotransmitter,” structurally similar to
glutamic acid
• Stimulates central nervous system, kills brain cells
• Fetal or infant exposure can affect behavior, retard
growth, increasd death rates, interfere with forebrain
development, and cause cleft lips
• Adult exposure: unconsciousness, respiratory
distress, convulsions, kidney disorder

107. Fifth
possible Gene
problem transfer to
gut bacteria
or
into our
DNA

108. Transfer • Bacterial
of sequences are
transgene easier to
transfer to
s to gut bacteria
bacteria is
optimized • The gene’s
promoter works
in bacteria

109. The Only
Human Genes
Feeding transferred
Study on to intestinal
GM bacteria
Crops

110. Nature Biotechnology, 2004

111. • Promoter What can
• Antibiotic resistant
transfer?
marker
• Roundup Ready
gene
• Liberty Link Gene
• Viral gene

112. Virus resistant
Hawaiian papaya
Zucchini
crookneck squash
ma y:
ote ins
al pr
Vir
• Increase viral
infections
or
Be toxic

113. If Bt
genes They might
transfer turn our
intestinal
bacteria
into living
pesticide
factories

114. Summary:
Possible Sources of
Problems
1. Disruption of DNA
2. GM protein
3. Changes in the
protein
4. Herbicide
residues
5. Transfer of genes

115. Autism parallels
Behavior Lab animals
Intestines
Livestock
Gut bacteria
Immunity Humans

116. Case Study: Roundup Ready Soy

117. 1. Disrupted DNA
Damaged section
near transgene
Extra transgene fragments
European Food Research and Technology

118. Altered nutrients
Increased:
 Anti-nutrient (soy lectin)
 Allergen (trypsin inhibitor)
 Lignin (disease related?)
Reduced:
 Protein
 A fatty acid
 An essential amino acid
 Phytoestrogens

119. GM soy has higher lignin content
“Components of this
same biochemical
pathway also produce…
rotenone, a plant-
produced insecticide that
may cause Parkinson’s
disease.”
David Schubert, PhD, Salk Institute

120. 2. Protein may be harmful
Properties of a
known allergen
(dust mite)

121. 3. GM protein may be altered
 RNA was longer than intended
 Further processed into four variants,
which may create unintended proteins

122. 4. Increased herbicide
527 million pounds more in the first 16 years (US)
Increased fusarium on crops (wheat, soy roots)
Decreased trace minerals

123. 5. Gene transfer
Soy transgenes were confirmed in
human gut bacteria

124. Evidence of GM soy-
related problems

125. Soon after
GM soy
was
introduced
into the UK,
soy allergies
skyrocketed
by 50%.
York Laboratory

126. Skin prick test
“One patient had a
positive skin test
result to GMO
soybeans only.”
Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, 2005

127. Mice fed GM soy
Pancreas
 Reduced digestive
enzymes
 Altered cell structure
 Altered gene expression
Journal of Anatomy, 2002
European Journal of Histochemistry, 2003

128. Possible causes for increase allergies
 Digestion impaired
 New allergen created
 Known allergen increased
 Herbicide residues increased
 Roundup Ready protein may be allergenic
 Roundup Ready protein produced inside us
(Continuously)

129. Health professionals
“I used to test for soy allergies
all the time, but now that soy
is genetically engineered, it is
so dangerous that I tell people
never to eat it—unless it says
organic.”
—John H. Boyles, MD, ear, nose, and
throat, and allergy specialist

130. Rabbits Fed Roundup Ready
Soy
(For 40 days)
 Increased cell
metabolism
 Changed enzyme levels
in the kidneys, hearts and
Animal Science, 2006
livers

131. Mice fed GM soy
Liver
 Cells damaged
 Altered gene expression
 Higher metabolic activity
(suggesting toxic insult)
Cell Structure and Function,
2002

132. Mice livers
Hepatocyte Nuclei
Control GM-fed

133. Mice livers
Hepatocyte Nuclei
Control GM-fed

134. Rat Livers
А, B – control groupC, D – GM-soy group
A C
B D
Dr. Irina Ermakova

135. Rat testicles
Control GM soy fed
Control GM-soy

136. Mice fed GM soy
Testicular cells had altered
structure and function
European Journal of Histochemistry, 2004
Rats fed GM soy
Changes in Uterus and ovaries

137. Offspring of Mice
Fed GM
Soy
Young embryos from GM-fed
parents had temporary
decrease in gene expression
Eur J Histochem

139. Death of baby rats
>50%
10%
Control GM- Non-GM soy
Irina Ermakova, 2005-2007

140. Mortality
of rat
offspring
for
GM-soy one day
group
Non-GM
Control soy GM-soy
Ermakova Irina, 2005-2007

141. Rat litters at Non-GM soy
9-days from group
mothers fed
non-GM
or GM soy.
soy
GM-soy group
Irina Ermakova,
2005-2007

142. 19-day old rats
Larger rat is from control group
smaller from GM-soy group. Irina Ermakova,
2005-2007

143. Preliminary evidence
Rat offspring did not conceive

144. When the entire
Russian facility began using
GM soy-based feed,
infant mortality
for all rats hit 55.3%.

145. Hamsters fed GM soy for two years
By the third generation, most lost the
ability to have babies. They also suffered
slower growth, a high mortality rate (4-5X
the controls) and some had hair growing in
their mouths.

146. If GM crops are so bad, why don’t we see more problems?

147. L-tryptophan produced by GM bacteria
Killed about 100 and caused
5,000-10,000 to fall sick

148. The epidemic was
discovered
because the
disease
1. Was new, with unique symptoms
2. Acute
3. Came on quickly

149. Current Assessments No post-marketing
surveillance
No human
clinical trials
No proper evaluation
of plant changes
or effects
Approvals based on
disproved or untested
assumptions
Industry
studies

150. Monsanto’s
plans

151. Rate yourself 1-100
• 1-100, How vigilant to avoid GM food when eating out?
• How vigilant will you be to avoid bringing GM food home?
• How active do you plan to be helping to stop this?

152. www. NonGMO ShoppingGuide . co
m
iPhone:
Shop NoGMO

153. www. NonGMO ShoppingGuide . co
m

154. How do we stop the
genetic engineering
of our food supply?

155. Dr. Arpad
Pusztai

156. Landslide among
manufacturers
Removed GMOs from EU!

157. US awareness is low
As far as you know, have you
ever eaten genetically
modified foods?
•No........................................60%
•Don’t Know...........................15%
•Yes.......................................25%

158. Tipping point for US
rejection of GM crops
may be quite soon

159. Tipping point against
 September 2006, Boston Globe
rBG
H
“ Dairies are rushing to rid their bottled
milk of artificial
growth hormones. . . it could
be a tipping point.”
 October 2006, New York Times
“ It seems to be an explosion in
the industry.”
 Wal-Mart, Kroger, Starbucks,
and about 58 of the top 100 dairies
have rejected rBGH so far.

160. Tipping point against
rBGH 9, 2009
 February
• When General Mills
Announces Committed to
Make Yoplait® Yogurt
Products 100 Percent
Free of Milk from Cows
Treated with rBST by
August 2009, they said:
• “Our consumers were
expressing a preference for
milk from cows not treated
with rBST-– and we
responded.”

161. Campaign for Healthier
Eating in America
www. ResponsibleTechnology .org

162. 2009 Neilson
Survey:
Fastest growing
claim for store
brands
” GMO-Free”

163. Supermarket News
Dec 7, 2009
Stakeholders in GMO
Debate Prepare to Clash
Again
“The coming year promises to
bring about a greater, more
pervasive awareness … as
opponents of GMOs bring a unified
campaign — complete with a non-
GMO standard — to the public…
“The website and the label have
the potential to spark a new round
of concern among shoppers…”

164. 2011 Neilson
Survey:
Third fastest
growing health
claim for all
brands
” GMO-Free”

165. Pivotal Moment in Time

166. General population

167. School
meals Under
intense
scrutiny
Removing
junk foods

168. Health professionals
“I used to test for soy allergies
all the time, but now that soy
is genetically engineered, it is
so dangerous that I tell people
never to eat it—unless it says
organic.”
—John H. Boyles, MD, ear, nose, and
throat, and allergy specialist

169. May 2009 Update:
The American Academy
of Environmental Medicine
Asks
doctors to
Prescribe
non-GMO
diets Concludes:
“GM foods
pose a
serious health risk.”

170. The American Academy of
Environmental Medicine
“Animal studies indicate serious health risks … including
infertility, immune dysregulation, accelerated aging,
dysregulation of genes associated with cholesterol synthesis,
insulin regulation, cell signaling, and protein formation, and
changes in the liver, kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal
system.”

171. Religious groups

172. Health-conscious
shoppers
 28 million adults are “high
usage” organic buyers
 54 million are “temperate”
organic shoppers
Health and Wellness Trends
Database

173. Non-GMO
Education
Centers
in stores
nationwide

174. www.ResponsibleTechnology.or
g
Retailer
Campaign
Kits

175. Independent
3rd party
Non-GMO
Verification

176. Education is Key!

177. Education is Key!

178. Spilling the Beans
Monthly
E-Newsletter
www. Responsible Technology.org
Technology

182. www. Responsible Technology .org

184. www . Responsible Technology . org