Starts with Organic farming and tells how Desi cow is integral to organic farming. Also shows different types or breeds of Desi Cows and their relevance in day-to-day life.

1. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic Agriculture andOrganic Agriculture and
CowCow
D. K. Sadana
NATIONAL BUREAU OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES,
KARNAL – 132 001

2. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic farming is a form of agriculture that relies on
crop rotation, green manure, compost, biological pest
control, and mechanical cultivation to maintain soil
productivity and control pests, excluding or strictly limiting
the use of synthetic fertilizers and synthetic pesticides,
plant growth regulators, livestock feed additives, and
genetically modified organisms.
Organic farming

3. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic farming relies on compost, and
biological pest control to maintain soil
productivity
No synthetic fertilizers; No synthetic pesticides; No
plant growth regulators; No livestock feed additives; No
genetically modified organisms.
Organic farming and cow

4. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic Agriculture is
• Sustainable
• Use of noncompetitive, renewable resources
• Favourable interactions between components
enhances complementarities and synergistic
responses for improved efficiency

5. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Cost of separating out crop production and animal production (USDA):
Topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, decline
of family farms, continued neglect of the living and
working conditions for farm laborers, increasing costs of
production, and the disintegration of economic and
social conditions in rural communities

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A breed in a region isA breed in a region is
most efficient production systemmost efficient production system

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01. Amritmahal 02. Bachaur 03. Bargur 04. Dangi 05. Deoni
11. Kankrej 12. Kenkatha 13. Kherigarh 14. Khillari 15. KrishnaValley
06. Gaolao 07. Gir 08. Hallikar 09. Hariana 10. Kangayam
Indian Breed Cattle…Indian Breed Cattle…

8. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
16. Malvi 17. Mewati 18. Nagori 19. Nimari 20. Ongole
21. Ponwar 22. Punganur 23. Rathi 24. Red Kandhari 25. Red Sindhi
26. Sahiwal 27. Siri 28. Tharparkar 29. Umblacherry 30. Vechur
……Indian Breed CattleIndian Breed Cattle

9. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Indian Breed CattleIndian Breed Cattle
01. Amritmahal 02. Bachaur 03. Bargur 04. Dangi 05. Deoni
06. Gaolao 07. Gir 08. Hallikar 09. Hariana 10. Kangayam
11. Kankrej 12. Kenkatha 13. Kherigarh 14. Khillari 15. Krishna Valley
16. Malvi 17. Mewati 18. Nagori 19. Nimari 20. Ongole
21. Ponwar 22. Punganur 23. Rathi 24. Red Kandhari 25. Red Sindhi
26. Sahiwal 27. Siri 28. Tharparkar 29. Umblacherry 30. Vechur
01. Alambadi 02. Badagara Dwarf 03. Bengali 04. Binjharpuri 05. Devarakota
06. Ghumsuri 07. Hagalvadi 08. Highrange Dwarf 09. Jellicut 10. Kachhi
11. Kasargod Dwarf 12. Khamala 13. Khariar 14. Krishnagiri 15. Kumauni
16. Ladakhi 17. Malainadu 18. Manapari 19. Manpati 20. Meitei Shan
21. Mhaswad 22. Motu 23. Nakali 24. Pulikulum 25. Purnea
26. Ramgarhi 27. Sanchori 28. Shahabadi 29. Son Valley 30. Tarai
31. Gangatiri 32. Thotho 33.Malnad Gidda 34. Zobawng
Defined Breeds
Lesser Known Breeds

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A breed in a region isA breed in a region is
most efficient production systemmost efficient production system

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Vermicompost

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Bio-pesticide

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Bio-pesticide

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Bio-pesticide

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Cow - Based
Development

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Timbaktu Collective
 Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh
 Hallikar preferred by farmers to meet
local needs of draft power and some milk

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18. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic AgricultureOrganic Agriculture
Indigenous Cattle BreedsIndigenous Cattle Breeds

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Organic AgricultureOrganic Agriculture
Indigenous Cattle BreedsIndigenous Cattle Breeds
Sustainable AgricultureSustainable Agriculture

20. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Organic AgricultureOrganic Agriculture
Indigenous Cattle BreedsIndigenous Cattle Breeds
Sustainable EnvironmentSustainable Environment
Sustainable AgricultureSustainable Agriculture

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Milk
Conjugated Linoleic Acid
Omega 3 Fatty Acids
MDGi
Strontian
IGF-1 (Insulin like Growth Factor)
(Unsaturated) Cholesterol
A2 Beta Casein

22. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is known to have anti-carcinogenic
properties. (cis-9 trans-11 isomer)
Indian cow milk has higher level of CLA. Grassland based diet; Larger share
from endogenous synthesis in mammary glands; type of bacteria !
Inverse relationship between milk consumption and breast cancer has
been established in a study conducted in Finland (Knekt et al, 1996) and
in a similar study on 360 patients by Bougoux et al, 1999. The beneficial
properties have been ascribed to the CLA content of milk.
In different studies, CLA has also been shown to have anti-
atherosclerosis and anti-diabetic properties (Nicolosi et al. 1997 and
Houseknecht et al. 1998).
The indigenous breeds have the capacity to produce higher CLA content
in their milk, even though the mechanism has not been established yet.

23. Organic Agriculture and CowOrganic Agriculture and Cow
Ecological farming conditions with no application of fertilizer or
chemicals increased the CLA content to 8.0 mg/g of fat (Jahreis et al.,
1997) . Grazing lands in India largely provide such conditions. Older
cows have a higher CLA compared to younger cows (Stanton et al 1997).
Longevity of the Indian breed cattle suggests better average CLA content
in its milk.
CLA content of milk fat was noted to increase substantially during the
manufacture of Ghee at clarifying temperatures of 120ºC (Aneja and
Murthi 1990). Ghee stored for 10 years is known as jheern in Indian
literature, and ghee stored for more than a 100 years is known as kaumbh.
Still older ghee is known as mahagrit. These special products from the
Indian breed cattle have been documented to be effective in various
human ailments, although the scientific basis has not been established.
Indian cow ghee is having sufficient carotine which has also been reported
as having anti-cancer properties.

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Age – ! 21st Lact. ,
~ 3 kg/day
Longevity

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Indian cow milk is also a rich source of Omega-3 fatty
acids. [Guelph, Canada enriching thru DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) ]
In addition to tryptofan, it also has relatively higher
amount of lysine and riboflavin.
Cholesterol level in milk and other products of indigenous
cattle is lower than European cattle.
A specific protein – MDGi - available in Indian cow milk
suppresses cancer. Another compound – strontian - is
available in Indian cow milk which helps protect from
atomic radiation and pollution. Relatively higher amount of
cerebrosides are present in Indian cow milk and these help
increase human brain power and memory (Jani, 2007).

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A1 Beta Casein
On digestion releases BCM7 (Beta-casomorphin7)
linked with Type 1 diabetes (r =0.84, p ~
0.00001), heart disease, symptoms of autism and
schizophrenia
BCM7 – Devil in the Milk – Keith Woodford
Causes bizarre behaviour in rats
A2 – original variant, also human milk
NZ typing all bulls for A2, conversion in 10 years
2

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Cow dung
- - -
- - -
(iv) It turns rotting vegetation from spoiling, and turns into compost,
and supports earthworms grow
(v) It has been established that the seeds covered with dung germinate
better

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