1. CHAPTER 1 1) Define: sociology, social world, culture, social interaction, social structure. 2) Do you agree with the precise definition of "sports"? Why or why not? 3) Sports involve a balance between the elements of play & spectacle. Explain the differences between play & spectacle. 4) What are the differences between the sociology and psychology of sport? 5) Define ideologies. CHAPTER 5 1) What are the benefits of organized sports programs for children? 2) What are some of the negative aspects of organized sports programs for children?
2. SPORTS “ WELL-ESTABLISHED, OFFICIALLY GOVERNED COMPETITIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES IN WHICH PARTICIPANTS ARE MOTIVATED BY INTERNAL & EXTERNAL REWARDS.” AGREE?
3. SPORTS VS PLAY & SPECTACLE PLAY -AN EXPRESSIVE ACTIVITY DONE FOR ITS OWN SAKE. -PARTICIPANT ORIENTED. SPECTACLE -A PERFORMANCE MEANT TO ENTERTAIN AN AUDIENCE. -SPECTATOR ORIENTED. SPORTS PLAY SPECTACLE
4. SOCIOLOGY “ THE STUDY OF THE SOCIAL WORLDS THAT PEOPLE CREATE, ORGANIZE, MAINTAIN, AND CHANGE THROUGH THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH EACH OTHER.” -THE STUDY OF SOCIETY.
5. SOCIALIZATION -THE PROCESS OF PROVIDING AN INDIVIDUAL WITH THE SKILLS* NECESSARY FOR PARTICIPATING WITHIN SOCIETY. * SKILLS: 1) NORMS -PRINCIPLES OF RIGHT ACTION SERVING TO GUIDE, CONTROL, OR REGULATE ACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR. 2) CUSTOMS -LONG ESTABLISHED PRACTICES CONSIDERED AS UNWRITTEN LAW. 3) LAWS -RULES/REGULATIONS ESTABLISHED IN A COMMUNITY BY SOME AUTHORITY. -HOW DO WE LEARN THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS? -HOW DO SPORTS CONTRIBUTE TO THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS?
7. 1) SOCIALIZING AGENT -SPORT PROVIDES A SOURCE OF BOTH GROUP & PERSONAL IDENTITY. -IT SATISFIES THE BASIC NEED FOR BELONGING. ROLE LEARNING: -YOUNG CHILDREN LEARN TO THINK & BEHAVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE VARIOUS SOCIAL ROLES AVAILABLE TO THEM. -COACHES SERVE AS ROLE MODELS & PROVIDE GUIDANCE BOTH ON & OFF THE FIELD.
8. 2) BUILD STRONG RELATIONSHIPS -SPORTS PROVIDES AMPLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR KIDS TO BUILD STRONG FRIENDSHIPS WITH THEIR PEERS & MENTORING RELATIONSHIPS WITH THEIR COACHES. -TEAMS OF ATHLETES DO NOT ALWAYS GET ALONG PERFECTLY, SO PUTTING ASIDE DIFFERENCES & LEARNING TO COOPERATE TO PLAY EFFECTIVELY TOGETHER IS AN IMPORTANT LESSON TO BE USED THROUGH LIFE.
9. 3) TEAMWORK -YOUNG ATHLETES BENEFIT FROM WORKING TOGETHER TO REACH VARIOUS GOALS. -PLAYERS LEARN TO PUT THE TEAM BEFORE THEIR INDIVIDUAL INTERESTS, WHICH DEVELOPES THE QUALITY OF SELFLESSNESS.
10. 4) HEALTH BENEFITS -WHEN CHILDREN PLAY SPORTS THEY DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THEIR BODIES CAN DO. -DIVING TO BLOCK A SHOT OR CATCH A BALL PROMOTES A TRUST IN THEIR BODIES. -REGULAR PARTICIPATION IN GAMES & PRACTICES HELP DEVELOP AGILITY, COORDINATION, ENDURANCE, FLEXIBILITY, SPEED, & STRENGTH. -STRESS RELIEF: SPORTS ALLOW KIDS TO CLEAR THEIR MINDS OF ACADEMIC & SOCIAL PRESSURES.
11. 5) COMPETITION & SPORTSMANSHIP -SPORT PROVIDES A WAY FOR CHILDREN TO LEARN HOW TO COMPETE. -”WINNING ISN’T EVERYTHING.” -KIDS LEARN HOW TO BE A GRACIOUS WINNER. PERFORMANCE ETHIC: -THE QUALITY OF THE SPORT EXPERIENCE CAN BE MEASURED IN TERMS OF IMPROVED SKILLS, ESPECIALLY IN RELATION TO THE SKILLS OF OTHERS.
12. 6) SELF-DISCIPLINE & TIME MANAGEMENT -SIMPLY MAKING IT TO EACH PRACTICE IS THE FIRST STEP FOR MANY YOUNG ATHLETES LEARNING COMMITMENT & RESPONSIBILITY. -IN ORDER TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN SPORTS, FOCUSED ATTENTION & DEDICATION TO PRACTICE IS REQUIRED IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS. -KIDS OFTEN PRACTICE THE SAME TECHNIQUES OVER & OVER TO ACQUIRE PROFICIENCY.
13. 7) SELF-CONFIDENCE -ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO DEVELOP SELF-CONFIDENCE IS TO BE PLACED IN CHALLENGING SITUATIONS. -CHALLENGES, WHETHER PHYSICAL OR EMOTIONAL, CAN DEVELOP CONFIDENCE IN CHILDREN. -CHALLENGES PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR KIDS TO DISCOVER SOLUTIONS ON THEIR OWN & REAP THE CONSEQUENCES OF WHICHEVER SOLUTION THEY CHOOSE.
14. 8) RESILIENCE -SPORTS PROVIDE A WAY TO DEAL WITH DISAPPOINTMENT & MISFORTUNE. -YOUNG ATHLETES LEARN TO HANDLE ADVERSITY, WHETHER IT’S PICKING THEMSELVES UP AFTER LOSING A BIG GAME OR NOT GETTING A MANY PLAYING MINUTES AS THEY WANTED.
15. 9) LEADERSHIP QUALITIES -TEAM SPORTS OFFER KIDS A RARE OPPORTUNITY TO SERVE AS LEADERS. -KIDS CAN BE IN A POSITION TO ASSESS THE STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES OF THEIR TEAMMATES & HELP UTILIZE THEIR STRENGTHS & COMPENSATE FOR THEIR WEAKNESSES.
16. 10) DIVERSITY -SPORTS ARE A GREAT EQUALIZER: RICH OR POOR, BLACK OR WHITE, & MALE OR FEMALE ARE IRRELEVANT. -KIDS PLAY ON THE SAME TEAM, WEAR THE SAME UNIFORM, SHARE THE SAME OBJECTIVES & EXPERIENCES.
18. 1) OVEREMPHASIS ON WINNING -TOO LITTLE EMPHASIS ON THE CHILD’S EXPERIENCE & TOO MUCH EMPHASIS ON WINNING. -CHILDREN VIEW SPORTS AS A SOURCE OF FUN, FRIENDS, & EXERCISE.
19. 2) SPORTS SPECIALIZATION -THE POPULARITY OF TRAVEL TEAMS HAVE CAUSED KIDS TO FOCUS ON ONLY 1 SPORT RATHER THAN PLAY VARIOUS SPORTS. -THIS CAN LEAD TO BURNOUT, OVERUSE INJURIES, AND A HYPERCOMPETITIVE CULTURE.
20. 3) OVERINVESTED SPORTS PARENTS -MANY PARENTS TRY TO LIVE THROUGH THEIR CHILDREN. -TOO MUCH PRESSURE & UNREALISITC EXPECTATIONS ARE PLACED ON KIDS.
21. 4) UNDERQUALIFIED COACHES -SPORTS ARE A WAY FOR CHILDREN TO LEARN VARIOUS SKILL SETS. COACHES NEED TO BE PROPERLY TRAINED TO TEACH THESE SKILLS TO KIDS. -SPORTS PROVIDE KIDS ANOTHER, SOMETIME THE ONLY, ROLE MODEL IN THEIR LIVES. COACHES NEED TO PUT THIS AS TOP PRIORITY.
22. 5) ACCESS -FEWER CHILDREN ARE PLAYING ORGANIZED SPORTS (2006) BECAUSE OF ACCESS ISSUES. -LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, TOWN BUDGET CUTS, AND DISCRIMINATION LEAD TO ONLY THE ELITE BEING ABLE TO PLAY.
