Class 2 NOUN CLAUSES PPTX

1. “READING”
(plot / setting / characters / climax /
ending)

2. Why is reading important?

3. Noun Clauses
• A noun clause is a group of words that include
a subject and a verb, and that functions as a
noun.
• Noun clauses usually begin with words such
as how, what, whatever, whoever,
whomever, when, where, which, who, why,
if, whether and that and often functions as
the direct object of a “mental activity” verb.
• The most common word among them is that.

4. VERBS AND ADJECTIVES WITH “that” WHICH ARE
OFTEN FOLLOWED BY NOUN CLAUSES
(Notice that all these verbs express a kind of “mental activity”)
• agree, assume, think, believe,feel,
suppose, doubt, guess, hear, see,
understand , hope, forget, notice,
realize,remember, know , decide,
discover, dream, learn
verbs
• disappointed, happy/unhappy,
sad, sorry, sure, surprised, afraid,
angry, worried, ashamed
predicative
adjectives

5. Predicate adjectives
A predicate adjective (also called a subject complement) modifies
the subject like other descriptive adjectives, but it follows a
linking verb in a sentence.
is, become, seem, grow, turn, prove, look, feel, sound, smell,
taste, appear, remain, keep and stay.
(These verbs are linking verbs only if they are followed by adjectives,
nouns, or pronouns that rename the subject.)
• His adventure was /seemed dangerous and exciting.
• All of my children are bright, handsome, and hard-working.
• That fancy food is/appears expensive and delicious.

6. OMITION OF “THAT”
A. When a noun clause functions as a direct object , “THAT” may be
omitted.
(Remember the direct object answers the question “what” or “whom”)
-I didn´t know what?(that) you liked cats.
-We forgot what?(that) she had worked for him before.
-I think what?(that) we should leave.
-She knew what? (that) he was the teacher.
B. After predicative adjectives “THAT” may be omitted.
-I am surprised (that) your grade is so low.
-We are worried (that) we won´t be on time to the event.
-He´s sorry (that) the flight is cancelled.
-She´s dissapointed (that) the news spread so fast.

7. Noun clauses can be the subject, object, object of
preposition, subject complement, etc. The noun
clauses in the following examples are in bold.
• That the brothers are triplets is amazing. (Subject)
We didn’t know that she could sing. (Direct Object)
• I´ll give whoever answers first an extra point.
(Indirect Object)
• The book is about where the dinosaurs laid their
eggs. (Object of preposition)
• He is what we would call a misogynist. (Subject
Complement («after verb to be»)

8. DIRECT OBJECTS
• You can find the direct object by finding the verb and asking what?
(or whom?).
• SUBJECT + VERB + what? or whom? = DIRECT OBJECT
Here are examples of the formula in action:
Jim built a sandcastle on the beach.
Jim = subject; built = verb. Jim built what?
Sandcastle = direct object.
Sammy and Maria brought Billie Lou to the party.
Sammy, Maria = subject; brought = verb.
Sammy and Maria brought who?
Billie Lou = direct object.

9. Short answers with “so”
• To replace a noun clause in short affirmative
answers after the verbs think, believe, guess and
hope, we use “so”.
Do you think / guess/ believe / hope it´ll rain?
I think / guess/ beleive / hope so.
BUT for negative answers we use:
Do you think / guess / believe / hope it´ll rain?
I don´t think/ believe so. ???????
I guess not. / I hope not.

10. Let´s Practice
Complete each sentence in your own way. Use clauses with that.