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Cassandra at Glogster
Roman Komkov – roman@glogster.com
System Engineer at Glogster
Prague Cassandra Meet up
03.09.2015
About me
  2 years at Glogster EDU as System Engineer
  5+ years of Linux administration
  5+ years of Python development
  Cluster, HA, Orchestration
  CI, CD…
  Twitter - @alkoengineering
GitHub, Freenode - decayofmind
About Glogster EDU
  Started in 2009
  Platform for presentation and interactive learning mainly
used by educators and students
  19 million users
  Over 45 million glogs
  40000 new glogs daily
  Web service, mobile applications
  http://edu.glogster.com
Cassandra at Glogster
  From 2011 as primary DB for initial Glogster.com
  From 2012 as backend (storage) DB for Glogster EDU
  Started from 0.6… or 0.8, I guess…
  10 nodes
  RF=5, QUORUM
  SATA disks
OrderPreservingPartitioner ¯_(ツ)_/¯
Architecture
Cassandra now
  5 nodes cluster
  ~600Gb average node size
  RF=5, QUORUM
  SSD disks
VNodes
OrderPreservingPartitioner…
pycassa + datastax-driver
0.8 problems
  Migration with downtime by transferring a copy of data
HintedHandoff hell
  No repairs, no cleanups
  Enormous HeapSize (20GB)
  Different time on servers
SOLUTION!
  Upgrade to 1.0
1.1 problems
  Cassandra guy left Glogster
  Don’t touch it while it works
BUT…
  Load averages like 14.0-16.0
  2 disks failed
  Everything is slow
  Repairs? Never heard!
1.1 solutions
  Replace disks, rebuild nodes.
  Don’t try to run repair on new node instead of ReplaceToken
  Move old Glogster.com keyspace to another cluster
  Load gone
https://glogster.github.io/posts/2015/03/23/cassandra-
migration.html
  Nodes are fast again
  Regular repairs and cleanups? Never did!
OpsCenter installed
  Cluster upgraded to 1.2
1.2 and migration
  Cluster migrated to the new servers without
downtime
http://www.planetcassandra.org/blog/cassandra-migration-
to-ec2/
Vnodes
…
  Old datacenter, connected to production was disconnected
from new datacenter
  Forgot about Hints TTL (max_hint_window_in_ms ~ 3 hours)
  Forgot to run repair on cluster after
  Old DC was decommissioned
  Application switched the new one
  …
DATA GONE
Here the hell begins
  ~ 1200 glogs remain on old decommissioned datacenter
  Thanks God, we have RF=<N of nodes>
  Transfer data from one old node to the new server
  Run Cassandra on it, add node to the cluster
  Run repair on entire cluster
  Increase repair chance with read_repair_chance
  Peacefully wait until done…
  Do your complicated repairs through OpsCenter, cause it can
continue if failed.
Full repair?
10 DAYS!!!
Conclusions and Improvements
  Increase max_hint_window_in_ms value to something like 3
days
  Make use of parallel things
  CQL3 and datastax-driver
  Upgrade to Cassandra 2.2
  faster repairs and other operations
  New OpsCenter
  Schedule regular backups and repairs
  We still love Cassandra!
Questions?

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Cassandra at Glogster

  • 1. Cassandra at Glogster Roman Komkov – roman@glogster.com System Engineer at Glogster Prague Cassandra Meet up 03.09.2015
  • 2. About me   2 years at Glogster EDU as System Engineer   5+ years of Linux administration   5+ years of Python development   Cluster, HA, Orchestration   CI, CD…   Twitter - @alkoengineering GitHub, Freenode - decayofmind
  • 3. About Glogster EDU   Started in 2009   Platform for presentation and interactive learning mainly used by educators and students   19 million users   Over 45 million glogs   40000 new glogs daily   Web service, mobile applications   http://edu.glogster.com
  • 4. Cassandra at Glogster   From 2011 as primary DB for initial Glogster.com   From 2012 as backend (storage) DB for Glogster EDU   Started from 0.6… or 0.8, I guess…   10 nodes   RF=5, QUORUM   SATA disks OrderPreservingPartitioner ¯_(ツ)_/¯
  • 6. Cassandra now   5 nodes cluster   ~600Gb average node size   RF=5, QUORUM   SSD disks VNodes OrderPreservingPartitioner… pycassa + datastax-driver
  • 7.
  • 8. 0.8 problems   Migration with downtime by transferring a copy of data HintedHandoff hell   No repairs, no cleanups   Enormous HeapSize (20GB)   Different time on servers SOLUTION!   Upgrade to 1.0
  • 9. 1.1 problems   Cassandra guy left Glogster   Don’t touch it while it works BUT…   Load averages like 14.0-16.0   2 disks failed   Everything is slow   Repairs? Never heard!
  • 10. 1.1 solutions   Replace disks, rebuild nodes.   Don’t try to run repair on new node instead of ReplaceToken   Move old Glogster.com keyspace to another cluster   Load gone https://glogster.github.io/posts/2015/03/23/cassandra- migration.html   Nodes are fast again   Regular repairs and cleanups? Never did! OpsCenter installed   Cluster upgraded to 1.2
  • 11. 1.2 and migration   Cluster migrated to the new servers without downtime http://www.planetcassandra.org/blog/cassandra-migration- to-ec2/ Vnodes …
  • 12.
  • 13.   Old datacenter, connected to production was disconnected from new datacenter   Forgot about Hints TTL (max_hint_window_in_ms ~ 3 hours)   Forgot to run repair on cluster after   Old DC was decommissioned   Application switched the new one   … DATA GONE
  • 14. Here the hell begins   ~ 1200 glogs remain on old decommissioned datacenter   Thanks God, we have RF=<N of nodes>   Transfer data from one old node to the new server   Run Cassandra on it, add node to the cluster   Run repair on entire cluster   Increase repair chance with read_repair_chance   Peacefully wait until done…   Do your complicated repairs through OpsCenter, cause it can continue if failed.
  • 16.
  • 18. Conclusions and Improvements   Increase max_hint_window_in_ms value to something like 3 days   Make use of parallel things   CQL3 and datastax-driver   Upgrade to Cassandra 2.2   faster repairs and other operations   New OpsCenter   Schedule regular backups and repairs   We still love Cassandra!