Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
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Anatomy of Temporal dt
1. âĒ UploadUpload By : Ahmed Ali AbbasBy : Ahmed Ali Abbas
Babylon University College of DentistryBabylon University College of Dentistry
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2. âĒ 1.Bone,fossa and space
âĒ 2.Muscles of mastication
âĒ 3.Maxillary artery and pterygoid
venous plexus
âĒ 4.Mandibular and maxillary
nerves,pterygomandibular
space
âĒ 5.Temporomandibular joint
âĒ 6.Clinical correlation
3. âĒ 1.Maxilla:Alveolar process,
âĒ tuberosity(O:superficial fibers of
âĒ medial pterygoid m.)
âĒ 2.Mandible:Condyle(TMJ),coronoid process
âĒ (I:Temporalis),ramus,body,mandibular
âĒ Foramen(inferior alveolar n.&vessels enter)
âĒ ramus,mental foramen,angle(I:Masseter
and medial
âĒ Pterygoid)
âĒ 3.Zygoma:Temporal process(zygomatic
arch is the origin of masseter)
âĒ 4.Temporal:Zygomatic process,
âĒ glenoid fossa and articular tubercle are
the component of temporomandibular
joint(TMJ)
4. âĒ 5.Sphenoid:Infratemporal crest(O:upper
head of
âĒ lateral pterygoid m.)
âĒ ** Three foramina
âĒ -Rotundum(V2 Exit)
âĒ -Ovale(V3 Exit,accessory meningeal
a. enter)
âĒ -Spinosum(Entering of meningeal
branch of V3and middle meningeal a.)
âĒ -pterygoid plate(medial and lateral**)
âĒ 6.Pterion:Area between
frontal,parital,temporal,
âĒ and sphenoid bone(Thin bone and the
middle
âĒ meningeal a. located beneath this area)
âĒ
16. T em poralis m .
process and anterior
border of m andible
O rigin: Temporal
fossa
and temporalis fascia
I nsertion:C oronoid
17. M asseter m .
D eep part
Superficial part
I nsertion:R am us and
angle of m andible
O rigin:Z ygom atic arch
18. âĒ Upper head:Origin
from infratem poral
crest of sphenoid
bone
âĒ Lower head:Origin
âĒ from lateral side of
lateral pterygoid
plate
âĒ Insertion:Articular
capsule of TMJ and
mandibular neck
20. M edial pterygoid m .
D eep head of m edial
pterygoid m .
Superficial head of M PG m .
21. âĒ 1.Temporaris:Anterior
and middle fiber:elevate
âĒ Posterior
fiber:Retract
âĒ 2.Masseter:Super
âĒ ficial fiber:Elevate
âĒ Deep fiber:
t
T em poralis
23. 3.T he M axillary Artery
and Ptergoid V enous
Plexus
M axillary a.
Pterygoid plexu
24. âĒ It is the terminal part of the
âĒ External carotid artery.
âĒ The maxillary artery is divided
âĒ into four parts
âĒ 1.Mandibular part
âĒ 2.Muscular part
âĒ
3.Infraorbital part
4.Sphenopalatine(pterygo
âĒ palatine)
25. 1.T he m andibular part of
m axillary artery
There are four branches from this
part
âĒ 1.Deep auricular and
anterior
âĒ tympanic arteries
âĒ 2.Middle meningeal
artery***
âĒ 3.Accessory meningeal
26. M axillary artery
M iddle m eningeal a
Auriculotem poral n.
D eep tem poral a.
27. 2.The muscular part of
maxillary artery
âĒ The branches are;
âĒ 1.D eep tem poral
arteries***
âĒ 2.M assetric and
pterygoid arteries
âĒ 3.B uccal artery
28. N erve and artery of tem poral fossa
E xternal carotid artery
M axillary artery
D eep tem poral nerve
D eep tem poral artery
Superficial tem poral arte
M andibular nerve(V 3
29. 3.I nfraorbital part
I t give off the superior
alveolar
âĒ arteries and traverse
infraorbital canal to exit the
infraorbital foram en
becom ing infraorbital artery
âĒ which supply the cheek and
inferior
30. M axillary artery in pterygopalatine fossa
I nfraorbital a. Sphenopalatine a.
M axillary a.
G reater palatine a.
Posterior superior alveolar a.
31. 4.Spheopalatine part of
the
m axillary artery
âĒ T his part gives off the
branches which supply
âĒ 1.T he nasal cavity
âĒ 2.T he palate of oral
cavity
32. âĒ I t is the venous plexus which locate
around the pterygoid
m uscle.M oreover,it has connection to
these veins# # #
âĒ 1.T he m axillary vein
âĒ 2.D eep facial vein
âĒ 3.I nferior ophthalm ic vein
âĒ 4.Cavernous sinus(in the cranial
cavity)
âĒ T herefore,the infection could invade
from
âĒ external to internal area****
33. Pterygoid venous plexus of vein
M axillary v.
D eep facial v.
I nferior ophthalm ic v.
E m issary vein connect to
cavernous sinus in brain
42. âAll branches of this
division are m otor nerve
except
âĒ buccal nerve.T he branches
of this division are:
âĒ 1.D eep tem poral n.(m otor)
âĒ 2.L ateral pterygoid n.
(m otor)
âĒ 3.M asseteric n.(m otor)
43.
44. âĒ All branches are sensory
nerve
âĒ except m ylohyoid nerve
âĒ T he branches from this
division
âĒ are :
âĒ 1.L ingual nerve(sensory)
âĒ 2.I nferior alveolar
nerve(sensory)
âĒ 3.Auriculotem poral
46. Posterior division of m andibular nerve
L ingual n.
I nferior alveolar n
M ylohyoid n.
Auriculotem poral n.
C horda tym pani n
M M A
47. âĒ I t receive general
sensation(pain and
tem perature)of 2/3 anterior
of tongue
âĒ M oreover,it receive
additional branch
âĒ from C N .V I I (facial n.)
which is called chorda
48. âĒ T his nerve is the C N .V I I branch
âĒ T he chorda tym pani nerve consist of
two parts:
âĒ 1.T he preganglionic fibers of
âĒ C N .V I I to synapse with subm andibular
ganglion and postganglionic fibers
supplying
âĒ the subm andibular and sublingual
gland
âĒ 2.T he taste sensation fibers from
49. L esser petrosal n.of C N .I X
C horda tym pani
Auriculotem poral n.
L ingual n.
Parotid gland
Subm andibular gland
Subm andibular ganglion
Sublingual gland
50. T he Auriculotem poral
N erve
âĒ I t supply the tem poral region
âĒ anterior to the ear(pain and
âĒ T em perature).M oreover,it receive
additional branch from
âĒ C N .I X (lesser petrosal n.) which
âĒ already had synapsed with otic
âĒ ganglion and run in the auriculo-
âĒ tem poral n. to supply the parotid
gland
51. âĒ I t is the only m otor nerve
from the posterior
division
âĒ of the m andibular nerve.
âĒ T he m ylohyoid nerve
supply
âĒ anterior belly of digastric
52.
53. Mandibular nerve block
âĒ It is the procedure for dentist to
anesthesize nerve supply of lower
teeth and gum before dental
treatment.
âĒ Landmark:Internal and external
oblique ridge,retromolar triangle.
âĒ Space:Pterygomandibular space
âĒ (locate between medial mandibular
ramus and medial pterygoid m.)
âĒ Nerves block:1.Inferior alveolar
n.,2.Lingual n. and 3.buccal n.
54. 5. The maxillary
nerve (V2)It is pure sensory nerve and divided into
three ramus as follows:
1.External ramus(Zygomatic n.):They are
zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal
nerves
2.Intermediate ramus:It is infraorbital nerve
which gives off branches.
2.1.Posterior,middle and superior alveolar
nerves which supply alveolar and upper teeth
2.2.Infraorbital nerve which traverses
infraorbital foramen to supply cheek and
lower eyelid.
55. 5.Maxillary nerve (V2)(continue)
âĒ 3.Internal ramus(pterygopalatine or
sphenopalatine n.):It supplies nasal
cavity and palate.The branches are
following.
âĒ 3.1.Sphenopalatine nerve:It
enters the
âĒ sphenopalatine foramen to supply
nasal cavity.Its
âĒ terminal branch is incisor nerve
which supplies upper incisor.
âĒ 3.2.Descending palatine
nerve:After descendent,this nerve
ramified to be these
âĒ branches.
âĒ 3.2.1.Greater palatine
n.which supplies hard palate.
56. 5.Maxillary
nerve(V2)(continue)âĒ Moreover,pterygopalatine ganglion
situated medial to rostral internal
ramus(pterygopalatine n.).The greater
petrosal n.(preganlionic fiber) of CN.VII
(facial n.) came to synapse with this
ganglion.The postganglionic fibers merged
âĒ with internal ramus branches to supply
seromucous gland in palate and nasal
cavity.
âĒ There was some postganglionic fiber
âĒ running with zygomaticotemporal n. to
meet the lacrimal n.(sensory)of V1.It came
along with this nerve to supply lacrimal
gland for gland secretion.
57. A.Maxillary n.branches B.Pterygopalatine ganglion
nfraorbital n.
ygom aticofacial n.
Z ygom aticotem poral n.
Z ygom atic n.
L esser palatine
G reater palatine
terior,m iddle and posterior superior alveolar n.
V 2
Pterygopalatine
ganglion
Palatine n.
I nfraorbital n.
Z ygom atic n
N asal n.(sphenopalatine
Sphenopalatine f.
58. I nnervation of lacrim al gland
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Z ygom atic n.
Z ygom aticotem poral n.
L acrim al n.
L acrim al gland
M axillary n.(V 2)
Z ygom aticofacial n.
G reater petrosal n
59. 5.T em porom andibular
joint
5.1.Temporomandibular
joint (Articulation)
5.2.Ligaments
5.3.M ovem ents
5.4.B lood and nerve
supply
60. âĒ Articulation:T he m andibular
condyle(head) and glenoid fossa of
the tem poral bone.
âĒ . T his joint has articular tubercle
of the tem poral bone for dislocated
prevention.
âĒ T he articular disk locates inside
the
âĒ joint cavity,and separates the
condyle and glenoid fossa.
61. âĒ L igam ents:T em porom andibula
r
âĒ (lateral lig.)**,*
sphenom andibular and
stylom andibular are im portant
âĒ for D entist career
âĒ N erve supply:Auriculotem poral
and
62. T em porom andibular joint A.M outh closed B .M outh open
M andibular fossa
Articular disc
C apsule
C ondyle
L ateral pterygoid m .
Articular tubercle
63. L igam ents of tem porom andibular joint
L ateral ligam ent
Sphenom andibular lig. C apsule
Stylom andibular lig.
T ym panic plate of
E xternal auditory m eatu
65. âĒ 1.I m paction of tooth
âĒ 2.T rism us:T he spasm of
the
âĒ m asticatory m uscles
which caused from
infection,and affect
âĒ the patient inability to
66. âĒ 3.T ic D ourulaux:T he
excruciating pain along the
T rigem inal nerve branches.
âĒ . 4.Posterior dislocation of the
T M J:
âĒ I t caused from strong force to
the anterior part of m andible
and affected tym panic plate of
the external auditory m eatus
67. âĒ 1.Current Textbook of
Anatomy,
âĒ Surgery,Orthopaedics,Dentist
âĒ 2.Current Website of Temporal
âĒ and infratemporal Region,
âĒ Especially
:htt://www.dartmouth.
âĒ edu/~ humananatomy_8/chapte
r_