All is not completely rosy in microservice-land. It’s often a sign of an architectural approach’s maturity that anti-patterns begin to be identified and classified alongside well-established principles and practices. Daniel Bryant introduces seven deadly sins from real projects, which left unchecked could easily ruin your next microservices project. Daniel offers an updated tour for 2016 of some of the nastiest anti-patterns in microservices from several real-world projects he’s encountered as a consultant, providing a series of anti-pattern “smells” you can sniff out and exploring the tools and techniques you need to avoid or mitigate the potential damage. Topics include: - Pride: Selfishly building the wrong thing, such as the “Inter-Domain-Enterprise-Application-Service-Bus” or a fully bespoke infrastructure platform - Envy: Introducing inappropriate intimacy within services by creating a shared “canonical” domain model - Wrath: Failing to deal with the inevitable bad things that occur within a distributed system - Sloth: Composing services in a lazy fashion, which ultimately leads to the creation of a “distributed monolith” - Lust: Embracing the latest and greatest technology without evaluating the operational impact incurred by these choices

1. The Seven (More) DEADLY SINS OF Microservices
@spectolabs
@danielbryantuk

2. Previously, AT Devoxx UK & QCON NYC 2015...
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
https://www.infoq.com/presentations/7-sins-microservices

3. The Seven (more) Deadly Sins of Microservices
1. LUST - Using the (Unevaluated) latest and greatest tech…
2. GLUTTONY - Communication lock-in
3. GREED - What'S Mine is mine (within the organisation)…
4. SLOTH - Getting lazy with NFRs
5. WRATH - Blowing up when bad things happen
6. ENVY - The shared single domain (and data store) fallacy
7. PRIDE - testing in the world of transience
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

4. @danielbryantuk
• Software developer, CTO at SpectoLabs
• Agile, architecture, CI/CD, Programmable infrastructure
• Java, Go, JS, microservices, cloud, containers
• Continuous delivery of value through effective technology and teams
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
bit.ly/2jWDSF7

5. 1. Lust - Using THE LATEST and Greatest Tech…
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

6. New technology is great... Until it isn'T
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
developers with new tech be like
F*cking new technology...
Credit to Michael Hausenblas
This has been me
many times!

7. Evaluation is a key skill...
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

8. Evaluation - are Microservices A good fit?
• “our 'mode TWO' apps are Microservices”
– Middle-management latch on to Buzzword
– New app evolution limited by existing system
– Lipstick on the pig
• Not understanding architecture principles
– Not building around business Functionality
– Creating Mini-monoliths (no twelve factors)
• No Well-defined DevOps / SRE / Ops
– Deployment/ops free-for-all
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

9. Evaluation of tech - The’Spine Model
• Effective conversations make for effective
collaboration
• It's a TOOL Problem
– As a species, we have always been Tool users
and makers.
– We use _____ to get our work done
• People get stuck in a dilemma where equally
plausible options are available
• “Going up the Spine” breaks deadlock http://spinemodel.info/explanation/introduction/

10. AN example: To containerise, or not to containerise?
(dockaH, dockah, dockah... Dockah?)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

11. Strategy #fail
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

12. Architecture/ops: Expectations versus reality
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
“DevOps”

13. Choices: Beware of Confirmation bias
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
https://thehftguy.wordpress.com/2016/11/01/docker-in-production-an-history-of-failure/ http://patrobinson.github.io/2016/11/05/docker-in-production/

14. Evaluation - It'S easy to be tricked
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

15. Evaluation - beware of bias and heuristics
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

16. 2. GLUTTONY - Communication lock-in
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

17. Rpc - not the devil in disguise
• Don'T rule out RPC (e.g. grpc)
– Sometimes the contract (and speed) are beneficial
– Human readability of JSON can be over-rated
• Sometime events are better
– Asynchronous (AP vs CP)
– Event-sourcing, cqrs, reactive systems
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

18. Jonas Boner'S thoughts
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
www.infoq.com/news/2017/03/microliths-microsystemswww.slideshare.net/jboner/from-microliths-to-microsystems

19. The ESB is dead - long live the esb!
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

20. The ESB is dead - long live the esb!
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

21. The ESB is dead - long live the esb!
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
• Is this an ESB?
• Or an API gateway?

22. The ESB is dead - long live the API Gateway!
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
• Watch for the API Gateway morphing
into an Enterprise service bus
– Loose coupling is vital
• But let me be clear...
– The API Gateway pattern is awesome
– Centralise cross-cutting concerns
– Prevent wheel-reinvention (plugins)
– Check out kong, apigee, Mulesoft etc

23. 3. GREED - What'S mine is mine... (within the organisation)…
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

24. Previously...
• Conway'S Law
• Microservices are about people, as much as they are tech
– Maybe more
– Particularly in a migration / transformation
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

25. We hear this a lot...
“We’ve decided to reform our teams around squads, chapters and guilds”
• Beware of cargo-culting
– Repeat three times “We are not spotify”
• Understand the practices, principles, values etc
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

26. 4. SLOTH - Getting Lazy with NFRs
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

27. Getting lazy with non-Functional Requirements
“The driving technical requirements for a system should be identified early
to ensure they are properly handled in subsequent design”
Aidan Casey
Guiding principles for evolutionary architecture
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

28. Getting lazy with non-Functional Requirements
• The 'ilities' Can be (often) be an afterthought
– Availability, Scalability, auditability, testability etc
• Agile/Lean: Delay decisions to the ‘last responsible moment’
– NewsFlash - Sometimes this is up-front
• It can be costly (or prohibitive) to adapt late in the project
– Microservices don'T make this easier (sometimes more difficult)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

29. Getting lazy with NFRs - security
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
www.slideshare.net/spnewman/appsec-microservices-velocity-2016 www.infoq.com/news/2016/08/secure-docker-microservices

30. Testing NFRs in the build pipeline
• Performance and Load testing
– Gatling / jmeter
– Flood.io
• Security testing
– Findsecbugs / OWASP Dependency check
– Bdd-security (OWASP ZAP) / Arachni
– Gauntlt / Serverspec
– Docker Bench for Security / Clair
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

31. 5. WRATH - Blowing up when bad things happen
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

32. Previously - Bring in Michael Nygard (Or some monkeys)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

33. When bad things happen, people are always involved
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk | @oakinger

34. People Pain point - How does Devops fit into this?
• http://web.devopstopologies.com/
• @ matthewpskelton
• @beerops and @sigje
• Google SRE
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

35. Devops - the 'fullstack engineer' myth
“I'M sorry, but if you'RE not designing the computer chips and
writing the website, then I don'T wanna hear from you”
Charity Majors (@mipsytipsy), CraftConf 2016
http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/86181845
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

36. Devops - define responsibilities
• Do you really want to build an
entire microservices platform?
• Focus on what matters
– Ci/CD
– Mechanical sympathy
– Logging
– Monitoring
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

37. Worth considering: Open source PaaS
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

38. 6. ENVY - The shared SINGLE domain (and Data Store) fallacy
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

39. Previously - One Model to Rule Them All...
• One model…
– Breaks encapsulation
– Introduces coupling
• Know your DDD
– Entities
– Value Objects
– Aggregates and Roots
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

40. Context mapping (static) & event storming (dynamic)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk | @spoole167 40
www.infoq.com/articles/ddd-contextmapping
ziobrando.blogspot.co.uk/2013/11/introducing-event-storming.html

41. Choose (and use) data stores appropriately
• RDBMS
– Valuable for structured data
• Cassandra is Awesome
– but don'T treat it like an RDBMS!
• Don'T build a graph with RDBMS
– Use neo4j, Titan etc
• Beware of operational overhead
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

42. 7. PRIDE - testing in the world of transience
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

43. Previously...
• Local verification
– Consumer-Driven contracts
• End-to-end
– BDD-style critical path
• Remember the test pyramid
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-testing/

44. Service virtualisation / API simulation
• Virtualise request/response of services
– Unavailable
– Expensive to run
– Fragile/brittle
– Non-deterministic
– Cannot simulate failures
https://dzone.com/articles/continuously-delivering-soa
Andrew Morgan'S talk http://bit.ly/2oV0ecD
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

45. Service virtualisation
• Classics
– CA service virtualization
– Parasoft virtualize
– HPE service virtualization
– IBM Test Virtualization server
• New (open source) kids on the block
– Hoverfly
– Wiremock
– VCR/Betamax
– Mountebank
– mirage
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

46. Hoverfly
• Lightweight Service virtualisation
– Open source (Apache 2.0)
– Go-based / single binary
– Written by @Spectolabs
• Flexible API simulation
– HTTP / HTTPS
– Highly performant
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

47. 06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
• Middleware
• Remove PII
• Rate limit
• Add headers
• Middleware
• Fault injection
• Chaos monkey

48. Hoverfly-Java (Junit support)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk
github.com/SpectoLabs/hoverfly-java

49. Right, Let'S Wrap this up...
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

50. The Seven (more) Deadly Sins of Microservices
1. LUST - Using the (Unevaluated) latest and greatest tech…
2. GLUTTONY - Communication Lock-in
3. GREED - What'S Mine is mine (within the organisation)…
4. SLOTH - Getting lazy with NFRs
5. WRATH - Blowing up when bad things happen
6. ENVY - The shared single domain (and data store) fallacy
7. PRIDE - testing in the world of transience
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

51. Bedtime reading
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk

52. THANKS...
http://specto.io
muservicesweekly.com
(Credit to Tareq Abedrabbo, opencredo for inspiration/guidance)
06/04/2017 @danielbryantuk