1. Towards Disunion Goal 3.01: Trace the economic, social, and political events from the Mexican War to the outbreak of the Civil War.

2. Towards Disunion Goal 3.02: Analyze and assess the causes of the Civil War.

3. Key Terms Discussed Missouri Compromise Abolition movement Free Soil Party Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Act Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin Freeport Doctrine Popular Sovereignty Kansas-Nebraska Act “Bleeding Kansas” Summer-Brooks Incident Underground RR Harriet Tubman Republican Party Abraham Lincoln Lincoln-Douglas Debates Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857 John Brown and Harper’s Ferry Election of 1860 Secession Fort Sumter, S.C.

4. Slavery Divides the Nation In the 1840s, as the nation expanded, the question of slavery became more pressing. Southerners believed slavery should be allowed in the new western territories; many northerners believed it should not. Senate Adopts the Compromise of 1850 Compromise of 1850 restored calm in short-term but led to new long-term crises. Sec 1: Slavery States’ Rights and Western Expansion

5. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Categorize

6. 1820 1846 1848 Wilmot Proviso Taylor wins election of 1848 Missouri Compromise

7. Chart: American Political Parties During the 1850s

8. The “Know-Nothings”[The American Party] Nativists, Anti-Catholics, Anti-immigrant

10. Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.

11. Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:

13. The Compromise of 1850

14. The Compromise of 1850

15. The Compromise of 1850

16. The Compromise of 1850

17. The Compromise of 1850

18. The Compromise of 1850

19. The Compromise of 1850

20. The Compromise of 1850

21. The Compromise of 1850

22. The Compromise of 1850

23. The Compromise of 1850

24. The Compromise of 1850

25. The Compromise of 1850

26. The Compromise of 1850

27. The Compromise of 1850

28. The Compromise of 1850

29. The Compromise of 1850

30. The Compromise of 1850

31. Compromise of 1850

32. Epitaphs for Three Leaders John C. Calhoun Henry Clay Daniel Webster

34. UT & NM = pop sov.

35. Slave trade banned in DC.

36. Fugitive slave law strengthened.

37. Taylor dies.

38. VP Millard Fillmore helped pass.

39. Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin

40. Franklin Pierce elected

44. 1852Election Results

45. Sen. Stephen Douglas IL - (D) Proposes the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854: territories N of MO Comp line (1820) decide slavery by pop sov. Unravels the 1820 MO Comp and results in bloodshed in KS … “The Little Giant”

46. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

47. “Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians”(pro-slavery Missourians)

48. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr? Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)

49. “The Crime Against Kansas” Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)

51. Northern Democrats.

52. Free-Soilers.

53. Know-Nothings.

55. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Understand Effects

56. 1856 Presidential Election James Buchanan John C. FrémontMillard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

58. 1856Election Results

60. Blacks (slave or free) aren’t US citizens, not protected by US Const, can’t sue

61. Congress can’t prohibit slavery in federal territory (undoes MO Comp and KS-NB).

62. Slaves, as private property, can’t be taken away from their owners without due process.

64. Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858

65. John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859

66. 1859 1860 Attack at Harper’s Ferry Election of 1860

67. 1860 Presidential Election Chart: The Candidates for President

69. For Northern Ind.:Protective tariff

70. For Northwest: Government aid to build Pacific RR

71. For West: Internal improvements at federal expense

72. For farmers: free homesteads

75. 1860 Election: Three “Outs” & One “Run!”

76. Crittenden Compromise Proposed six Constitutional amendments: Slavery prohibited north of 36°30'; recognized south of it. Future states admitted to Union from any territory with or without slavery as their constitutions provided. Congress forbidden to abolish slavery in places under its jurisdiction within a slave state, such as a military post. Congress could not abolish slavery in DC so long as it existed in the VA and MD. Congress could not interfere with slave trade. Full compensation to owners of rescued fugitive slaves. No future amendment could change these amendments, or authorize or empower Congress to interfere with slavery within any slave state. Also offered four resolutions: Fugitive slave laws were constitutional; should be observed. All state laws which impeded the fugitive slave laws were unconstitutional. Fugitive Slave act of 1850 should be modified by equalizing the fee schedule for returning or releasing alleged fugitives. Suppression of the African slave trade should be effectively and thoroughly executed. Sen. John J. Crittenden(Know-Nothing, KY)

77. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

78. Lincoln’s reaction to secession “I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so.” “In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The Government will not assail you. You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in heaven to destroy the Government, while I shall have the most solemn one to “preserve, protect, and defend it.” - Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861

79. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

80. Transparency: Forming the Confederacy

81. “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that. What I do about slavery, and the colored race, I do because I believe it helps to save the Union; and what I forbear, I forbear because I do not believe it would help to save the Union.” - Lincoln, August 22, 1862

82. The Basic Causes of the Civil War Slavery State’s Rights vs. Federal Gov. Economic Differences Political Fears over Control of the Federal Government Cultural Differences Fanaticism Lincoln’s Reason for Fighting the War: 1861-1862: TO PRESERVE THE UNION. 1863-1865: TO PRESERVE THE UNION and end slavery.