Compendium June 2009

1. Compendium
CompendiumVet.com | Peer Reviewed | Listed in MEDLINE Vol 31(6) June 2009
3 CE Contact Hours CONTI N U I NG EDUCATION FOR VETERI NARIANS ®
FREE
CE Feline
Obesity
Clinical Recognition
and Management
NEW
SERIES
A
AAFP Retrovirus
Guidelines
al y
rn lit
*
Surgical Views
ou a
s!
Ve e ium
yJ u
ar l Q
Laparoscopic Cryptorchidectomy
m O nd
rin l
te ra
pe
Understanding Behavior
al v
m # om
Addi B h i S i
Adding Behavior Services
ni n
C
lA i
al 1
rS d
fo te
Ra

2. Everycat
needs calicivirus
protection.
Everycat
deserves
CaliciVax.
Bivalent for
broader
protection.
The AAFP recommends calicivirus vaccine as
a core antigen for all cats.1 Bivalent CaliciVax TM
cross-neutralizes a broader range of strains
than an older, first-generation vaccine.2 Multiple
combinations make it easy to update your protocol
and customize protection for every patient. Contact
your Fort Dodge Animal Health representative today
and ask for the bivalent protection of CaliciVax.
Here’s how CaliciVax compares
to a first-generation vaccine.
2
More traditional strains cross-neutralized
100–
75– 70%
PERCENT
50–
25–
26%
0
CaliciVax Single-strain vaccine
1. 2006 American Association of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine
Advisory Panel Report. JAVMA, Vol. 229, No. 9, Nov. 1, 2006.
2. Data on file, Fort Dodge Animal Health. Comparison among Fort Dodge vaccines.
©2009 Fort Dodge Animal Health, a division of Wyeth.
CaliciVax ™

3. June
2009 Vol 31(6)
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4. June
2009 Vol 31(6)
CompendiumVet.com | Peer Reviewed | Listed in MEDLINE
EDITORIAL BOARD
Anesthesia Internal Medicine
Nora S. Matthews, DVM, DACVA Dana G. Allen, DVM, MSc, DACVIM AMERICAN
Texas A&M University Ontario Veterinary College BOARD OF
Cardiology Internal Medicine and Emergency/ VETERINARY
Bruce Keene, DVM, MSc, DACVIM Critical Care PRACTITIONERS
North Carolina State University Alison R. Gaynor, DVM, DACVIM
(Internal Medicine), DACVECC
(ABVP) REVIEW
Clinical Chemistry, Hematology,
North Grafton, Massachusetts BOARD
and Urinalysis
Betsy Welles, DVM, PhD, DACVP Nephrology Kurt Blaicher, DVM, DABVP
Auburn University Catherine E. Langston, DVM, ACVIM (Canine/Feline)
Dentistry Animal Medical Center
Plainfield Animal Hospital
Gary B. Beard, DVM, DAVDC New York, New York
Plainfield, New Jersey
Auburn University Neurology Canine and Feline Medicine
EDITOR IN CHIEF R. Michael Peak, DVM, DAVDC Curtis W. Dewey, DVM, MS, DACVIM
The Pet Dentist—Tampa Bay Veterinary (Neurology), DACVS Eric Chafetz, DVM, DABVP
Douglass K. Macintire, Cornell University Hospital for Animals
Dentistry (Canine/Feline)
DVM, MS, DACVIM, DACVECC
Largo, Florida Vienna Animal Hospital
Oncology
Department of Clinical Sciences Emergency/Critical Care and Ann E. Hohenhaus, DVM, DACVIM Vienna, Virginia
College of Veterinary Medicine Respiratory Medicine (Oncology and Internal Medicine) Canine and Feline Medicine
Auburn University, AL 36849 Lesley King, MVB, MRCVS, DACVECC, Animal Medical Center
DACVIM New York, New York Henry E. Childers, DVM,
University of Pennsylvania DABVP (Canine/Feline)
Gregory K. Ogilvie, DVM, DACVIM
Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders (Internal Medicine, Oncology), Cranston Animal Hospital
Marie E. Kerl, DVM, ACVIM, ACVECC DECVIM-CA (Oncology) Cranston, Rhode Island
University of Missouri-Columbia CVS Angel Care Cancer Center Canine and Feline Medicine
EXECUTIVE Epidemiology
and Special Care Foundation
for Companion Animals
ADVISORY Philip H. Kass, DVM, MPVM, MS, PhD, Carlsbad, California
David E. Harling, DVM,
BOARD DACVPM DABVP (Canine/Feline),
University of California, Davis Ophthalmology DACVO
MEMBERS David A. Wilkie, DVM, MS, DACVO Reidsville Veterinary Hospital
Exotics
Avian
The Ohio State University Reidsville, North Carolina
Behavior Canine and Feline Medicine,
Thomas N. Tully, Jr, DVM, MS, DABVP Parasitology
Sharon L. Crowell-Davis, (Avian), ECAMS Ophthalmology
Byron L. Blagburn, MS, PhD
DVM, PhD, DACVB Louisiana State University Auburn University
The University of Georgia Jeffrey Katuna, DVM, DABVP
Reptiles David S. Lindsay, PhD
Douglas R. Mader, MS, DVM, DABVP (DC)
Wellesley-Natick Veterinary
Virginia Polytechnic Institute Hospital
Dermatology Marathon Veterinary Hospital and State University
Craig E. Griffin, DVM, Marathon, Florida Natick, Massachusetts
DACVD Pharmacology Canine and Feline Medicine
Small Mammals
Animal Dermatology Clinic Katrina L. Mealey, DVM, PhD, DACVIM,
Karen Rosenthal, DVM, MS, DABVP
DACVCP Robert J. Neunzig, DVM,
San Diego, California (Avian)
Washington State University
University of Pennsylvania DABVP (Canine/Feline)
Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy The Pet Hospital
Wayne S. Rosenkrantz, Feline Medicine Bessemer City, North Carolina
Darryl Millis, MS, DVM, DACVS
DVM, DACVD Michael R. Lappin, DVM, PhD,
University of Tennessee Canine and Feline Medicine
Animal Dermatology Clinic DACVIM (Internal Medicine)
Colorado State University
Tustin, California Surgery
Compendium is a
Margie Scherk, DVM, DABVP Philipp Mayhew, BVM&S, MRCVS,
(Feline Medicine) DACVS refereed journal. Articles
Nutrition
Cats Only Veterinary Clinic Columbia River Veterinary Specialists published herein have
Kathryn E. Michel, DVM, Vancouver, British Columbia Vancouver, Washington
MS, DACVN been reviewed by at least
University of Pennsylvania Gastroenterology C. Thomas Nelson, DVM two academic experts on
Debra L. Zoran, DVM, MS, PhD, Animal Medical Center
the respective topic and
DACVIM (Internal Medicine) Anniston, Alabama
Surgery Texas A&M University by an ABVP practitioner.
Elizabeth M. Hardie, Toxicology
Infectious Disease Tina Wismer, DVM, DABVT, DABT Any statements, claims, or product
DVM, PhD, DACVS Derek P. Burney, PhD, DVM ASPCA National Animal Poison Control endorsements made in Compendium
North Carolina State Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists Center are solely the opinions of our authors
and advertisers and do not necessarily
University Houston, Texas Urbana, Illinois
reflect the views of the Publisher or
Editorial Board.
250 CompendiumVet.com

5. Coming Events Canadian News
July 16
Ontario Veterinary Medical Association:
Career Planning for Associate
Veterinarians & Potential Practice Owners
Canadian Government Invests in
Ontario Veterinary Medical Association
Milton, Ontario
This course will present the benefits and
Western College of Veterinary Medicine
downsides of owning a practice as well as
T
he government of Canada is invest- The construction of a two-story addi-
the practical aspects of practice ownership. ing $2.7 million in the infrastructure tion and basement will add 3000 m2 of
Web www.ovma.info/Meetings/
of the University of Saskatchewan’s additional space to the diagnostics facil-
August 8–13 Western College of Veterinary Medicine ity. Once completed, the centre will
World Association for the Advancement (WCVM). The funding, coming from the be a major western Canadian hub for
of Veterinary Parasitology: 22nd Canadian Western Economic Diversifica- veterinary diagnostics services, ani-
International Conference
Calgary, Alberta tion program, will be used on upgrades mal health research, and specialized
This conference will discuss current issues to the large animal clinic and the diag- training in diagnostic pathology, virol-
in parasitology. nostics laboratory at the college. ogy, bacteriology, immunology, and
Web waavp.org The upgraded facilities will make a range of biomedical sciences.
September 9 the college, province, and country “The expansion of the college’s
Calgary Academy of Veterinary more competitive, according to Minister diagnostics area and the renovation of
Medicine: Ophthalmology of State Lynne Yelich. “Investments our large animal clinical services will
Clara Christie Theatre, Health Sciences such as these will lead to new diag- provide our staff and students with
University of Calgary, Alberta
This seminar will offer 1.5 hours of scientific nostic tests that will protect Canada’s specialized, biosecure facilities where
CE and will be presented by Dr. Cheryl Cullen. livestock industry and the health and they’ll have access to a full range of
Phone 403-863-7160 safety of Canadians, their families, and new technologies,” says WCVM Dean
E-mail info@cavm.ab.ca communities.” Dr. Charles Rhodes.
Web cavm.ab.ca/ce_calendar.html
September 15
Toronto Academy of Veterinary Medicine: Animal Health Network Announced
Update on Clinical Gastroenterology
T
Dave and Buster’s he Canadian Food Inspection Agency our ability to understand and respond
Toronto, Ontario and the Atlantic Veterinary College to animal health and zoonotic disease
This seminar will provide an update on (AVC) at the University of Prince challenges in a world of ever-changing
gastrointestinal disorders of cats and Edward Island have joined together risks,” said Dr. Brian Evans, chief vet-
dogs, with an emphasis on diagnosis and
treatment. It will offer 5.5 CE credits. in a $1.2-million partnership to create erinary officer of Canada.
Phone 800-670-1702 the Canadian Regulatory Veterinary
Web tavm.org Epidemiology Network. This network
will link the five Canadian veterinary SPREAD YOUR GOOD NEWS
October 13 Have any interesting news to
Toronto Academy of Veterinary colleges and enhance animal health
expertise by contributing to research share? Send it in! We would like
Medicine: Early Resuscitation and
Stabilization of the Emergency Patient and training programs. In addition to to provide more recognition of
Dave and Buster’s veterinarians doing great things in
strengthening Canada’s animal disease
Toronto, Ontario their professional or personal lives.
This seminar will focus on practical prevention and control efforts, the pro-
If you have news about yourself or
emergency management using case gram will also help meet national and a colleague or about some other
examples. It will offer 5.5 CE credits. international demands for animal and newsworthy topic that would be of
Phone 800-670-1702 veterinary health experts. interest to others in the profession,
Web tavm.org
The initial phase of the project will send it (along with a picture if you
October 18 establish a research chair in regulatory have one) to:
Calgary Academy of Veterinary veterinary epidemiology at the AVC as
Medicine: Hematology Canadian News
well as related graduate positions. The c/o Veterinary Learning Systems
Clara Christie Theatre, Health Sciences
network will be led by the Centre for 780 Township Line Road
University of Calgary, Alberta
This seminar will offer 6 hours of scientific Veterinary Epidemiological Research at Yardley, PA 19067 USA
,
CE and be presented by Dr. Marjorie Brooks. the AVC, which is considered one of
E-MAIL editor@CompendiumVet.com
Phone 403-863-7160 the leading centres for animal health
E-mail info@cavm.ab.ca FAX 800-556-3288
epidemiologic research in the world. WEB CompendiumVet.com
Web cavm.ab.ca/ce_calendar.html
“This network will further strengthen
CompendiumVet.com | June 2009 | Compendium: Continuing Education for Veterinarians® 251

6. E
Each CE article is accredited for 3 contact hours by
June 2009 Vol 31(6)
CE A
Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine.
CompendiumVet.com | Peer Reviewed | Listed in MEDLINE Features
258 Understanding
284 Feline Obesity: Clinical FREE
Behavior
t
Recognition and Management CE
Incorporating Behavioral
❯❯ Debra L. Zoran
Medicine Into General
Obesity is a common problem in cats that
is compounded by most cats’ sedentary Practice
lifestyles and many owners’ feeding tech- ❯❯ Lisa Radosta
niques. Recognition of the risk factors for Learn how—and why—to
obesity and early education of owners to include basic behavioral
prevent excessive weight gain are crucial to medicine into your day-
feline health. Further information on feline to-day practice.
obesity is available on CompendiumVet.com.
264 Feline Focus NEW
SERIES
2008 Feline Retrovirus
s
Management Guidelines
In the debut of this quarterly
series devoted to feline
medicine, the American
Association of Feline
Practitioners shares an
abridged version of its
most recent guidelines.
274 Surgical Views
Laparoscopic and Laparoscopic-Assisted
Cryptorchidectomy in Dogs and Cats
❯❯ Philipp Mayhew
Surgical removal is the standard of care for
cryptorchid testicles. Laparoscopy can help
reduce incision sizes and postoperative pain in
these patients. Watch videos of some aspects of
these procedures on CompendiumVet.com.
Cover image © 2009 Carol Adams, Lone Oak Veterinary Clinic
On the Cover
Departments
This radiograph, obtained by Carol Adams, DVM, 254 Letters 295 Index to Advertisers
of Lone Oak Veterinary Clinic in Visalia, California,
is from an 8-year-old cat that weighed 19 lb. The 256 CompendiumVet.com 295 Market Showcase
excessive weight placed undue stress on the cat’s
skeleton. 257 Editorial: Feline Focus
295 Classified Advertising
❯❯ Margie Scherk
*2009 PERQ/HCI FOCUS® Veterinary Study of Total Companion
Animal Veterinarians, in comparison to ratings for each publi- 294 Product Forum 296 In Memory: Anna Worth
cation, by that publication’s readers.
252 Compendium: Continuing Education for Veterinarians®

7. Gentle
on his ears
The Latest Generation in Otitis Externa Treatment.
Mometasone furoate
1
Clotrimazole
Malassezia pachydermatis
Gentamicin
2
Once-a-day for ease of compliance
®
Mometamax Malassezia pachydermatis)
Pseudomonas P. aeruginosa Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis
See Page 254 for Product Information Summary
1. Reeder CJ, Griffin CE, Polissar NL, et al. Comparative adrenocortical suppression in dogs with otitis externa following
topical otic administration of four different glucocorticoid-containing medications. Vet Therap. 2008;9:111-121.
2. Rubin J, Walker RD, Blickenstaff K, Bodies-Jones S, Zhao S., Antimicrobial resistance and genetic characterization
of fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine infections., Vet microbiol.
Mometamax is a registered trademark of Intervet Inc. or an affiliate. 2008 Mar 4; [Epub ahead of print]
© 2009 Intervet Inc. All rights reserved. SPAH-MO-96

8. Letters
Feline Hyperesthesia Syndrome Understanding
Behavior Feline Hyperesthesia
Syndrome*
I read with interest the March 2009 Understanding About This Column
Behavior problems are a signifi-
❯❯ John Ciribassi, DVM, DACVB
Chicagoland Veterinary Behavior Consultants
Carol Stream, Illinois
cant cause of death (euthanasia)
Behavior article on feline hyperesthesia syndrome
in companion animals. While most
veterinary practices are necessarily
geared toward the medical aspect
F eline hyperesthesia syndrome (FHS) is known by several names, including
rolling skin disease, neurodermatitis, neuritis, psychomotor epilepsy, and pru-
ritic dermatitis of Siamese.1,2 As evidenced by these names and by the use of
of care, there are many opportuni- the term syndrome, FHS is not characterized as having a single etiology. In fact,
ties to bring behavior awareness it is often a diagnosis of exclusion. The differential diagnosis for FHS includes
into the clinic for the benefit of diseases related to the fields of dermatology, neurology, and behavior. Only after
(FHS), a poorly understood clinical entity. To me, it is the pet, the owner, and ourselves.
This column acknowledges the
importance of behavior as part of
veterinary medicine and speaks
conditions relating to skin and the nervous system have been ruled out can this
condition be labeled a behavior disorder.
Signalment
FHS can occur in cats of any age, but it is commonly seen in cats aged 1 to 5
practically about using it effectively
years. Males and females are equally affected. While all breeds can be affected,
plausible that some cats with clinical signs compatible in daily practice. Siamese, Burmese, Persian, and Abyssinian cats are more commonly afflicted.3
Clinical Signs
As indicated by the name rolling skin disease, affected
cats often show rippling or rolling skin along the lum-
bar spine. Palpation of the lumbar musculature may
with FHS may truly experience bouts of breakthrough QuickNotes
elicit signs of pain. Mydriasis is common during bouts
of FHS. Affected cats commonly
stare at their tail, then attack
the tail and/or flanks. Biting
of the tail base, forelegs, and
FHS can occur in cats paws is common. These cats
neuropathic pain leading to allodynia (sensation of of any age, but it is
commonly seen in
cats aged 1 to 5 years.
often run wildly around the
home, vocalizing at the same
time. Normally calm cats
may display aggression
toward people or other
cats in the household,
pain resulting from non-noxious stimuli, such as a while aggressive cats
may display increased
affection. The behavior
may be induced by pet-
ting or stroking the cat’s
fur and most commonly
light touch), regardless of whether higher brain func- occurs in the morning
©2009 Kelpfish/Shutterstock.com
or later in the evening.2
Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for FHS
*Adapted with permission from John
can be categorized by the type of
tions are involved (e.g., displacement behavior).
Ciribassi, DVM, and the Veterinary
Information Network (VIN). clinical signs displayed:
116 CompendiumVet.com | March 2009
If this is the case, it could partly explain to neuropathic pain. As indicated in my
why some cats appear to improve with article, some believe that myopathic
certain centrally acting therapies, such as disorders can result in the clinical signs
the anticonvulsant gabapentin. This drug seen with FHS. An underlying neuropa-
binds to a subunit of the voltage-gated thy may certainly account for these signs.
calcium channels in the dorsal horn and is Gabapentin, while often used in treating
commonly used for conditions associated seizure disorders, is also well known for
with neuropathic pain or with chronic its use in human and veterinary medi-
pain when central sensitization is sus- cine for treating neuropathic pain.1,2 As
pected, even though clinical studies are a result, it can be difficult to distinguish,
lacking in veterinary medicine.1 As such, in patients responding to treatment with
a clinical response to gabapentin should gabapentin for FHS, whether the response
not necessarily lead the practitioner to is managing a seizure disorder centrally or
conclude that the patient was experienc- is exerting peripheral neuropathic effects.
ing seizures, as is suggested in this article The advantage of initially using pheno-
(p.118), but may instead be the result of a barbital in managing cases in which sei-
true neuropathic pain syndrome respond- zures are suspected as the etiology is that
ing to an adjuvant analgesic drug. The phenobarbital would not be expected to
same reasoning could apply to other act peripherally. As a result, improvement
drugs, such as tricyclic antidepressants with phenobarbital would provide a pre-
and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, sumptive diagnosis of seizure. If pheno-
often considered as first-line therapies in barbital proves to be ineffective, turning
people with neuropathic pain.2 to gabapentin can help distinguish seizure
Louis-Philippe de Lorimier, DVM, from neuropathy. This being said, diagno-
DACVIM (Oncology) sis by drug trial does not truly provide a
Hôpital Vétérinaire Rive-Sud secure diagnosis. Instead, it merely gives
Brossard, Québec circumstantial evidence of an etiology
Canada based on the assumption of a known and
specific mode of action of the drug that is
References providing relief of the signs.
1. Backonja M, Glanzman RL. Gabapentin dosing for
neuropathic pain: evidence from randomized, placebo- Dr. John Ciribassi
controlled clinical trials. Clin Ther 2003;25:81-104. Chicagoland Veterinary Behavior
2. Verdu B, Decosterd I, Buclin T, et al. Antidepressants
for the treatment of chronic pain. Drugs 2008;68:2611-
Consultants
2632. Carol Stream, Illinois
References
1. Kumar B, Kalita J, Kumar G, Misra UK. Central post-
The Author’s Reply stroke pain: a review of pathophysiology and treatment.
Thank you for your comments regard- Anesth Analg 2009;108(5):1645-1657.
2. Clivatti J, Sakata RK, Issy AM. Review of the use of
ing my article on FHS. It is plausible that gabapentin in the control of postoperative pain. Rev Bras
at least some cases of FHS are related Anestesiol 2009;59(1):92-8, 87-92.
254 Compendium: Continuing Education for Veterinarians® | June 2009 | CompendiumVet.com

9. What do dogs who takee
VETORYL (trilostane)
®
have in common?
Prior to VETO
RYL
Results like these. treatment
Effective treatment
for Cushing’s syndrome
is now FDA approved.
You now have easy access to the most powerful treatment
weapon in the fight against canine Cushing’s Following 3 months of
with VETORYL
syndrome. VETORYL Capsules are the only licensed
treatment available for both pituitary-dependent
and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism.
VETORYL Capsules contain the active ingredient
trilostane, which blocks the excessive production
of cortisol. Daily administration of VETORYL can
greatly reduce the clinical signs associated with
Cushing’s syndrome, enhancing the quality of life
for both dog and owner. For more information,
visit www.VETORYL.com.
Contact your local veterinary distributor
to order VETORYL Capsules today!
Following 9 months of treatment with VETO
RYL
Photographs courtesy of Carlos Melian, DVM, PhD
(trilostane)
VETORYL is a trademark of Dechra Ltd. ©2009, Dechra Ltd.
NADA 141-291, Approved by FDA
As with all drugs, side effects may occur. In field studies, the most common side effects reported were poor/reduced appetite, vomiting, lethargy,
diarrhea, and weakness. Occasionally, more serious side effects, including severe depression, hemorrhagic diarrhea, collapse, hypoadrenocortical crisis,
or adrenal necrosis/rupture may occur, and may result in death. VETORYL Capsules are not for use in dogs with primary hepatic or renal disease,
or in pregnant dogs. Refer to the prescribing information for complete details or visit www.VETORYL.com.
VTYL0209-01-47122-CPD
See Page 256 for Product Information Summary

10. WEB EXCLUSIVES June 2009 Vol 31(6)
VETORYL Capsules (trilostane)
®
30 mg and 60 mg strengths
Adrenocortical suppressant for oral use in dogs only
on
BRIEF SUMMARY (For Full Prescribing Information,
see package insert.)
CAUTION: Federal (USA) law restricts this drug
to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
CE ARTICLES
normal testicle
DESCRIPTION: VETORYL is an orally active
synthetic steroid analogue that blocks production ❯❯ Renal Secondary is located on
of hormones produced in the adrenal cortex of dogs.
Hyperparathyroidism the right or the
INDICATIONS: VETORYL Capsules are
❯❯ Jenefer R. Stillion and Michelle G. Ritt left side (in this
indicated or the treatment of pituitary-dependent
case the normal
hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. VETORYL
The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid
Capsules are indicated for the treatment testicle is the
of hyperadrenocorticism due to adrenocortical hormone (PTH), which is important for main-
tumor in dogs. right testicle).
taining calcium homeostasis. Parathyroid
The cryptorchid
CONTRAINDICATIONS: The use of VETORYL
gland hyperplasia and subsequent hyper- ❯❯ Cryptorchidectomy Video 1
Capsules is contraindicated in dogs that have testicle should
demonstrated hypersensitivity to trilostane. parathyroidism can occur secondary to
Do not use VETORYL Capsules in animals with be located on the contralateral side.
primary hepatic disease or renal insufficiency. chronic renal failure in dogs, resulting in
Do not use in pregnant dogs. Studies conducted
with trilostane in laboratory animals have shown
significant alterations in calcium metabolism. VIDEO 2
teratogenic effects and early pregnancy loss. Renal secondary hyperparathyroidism is demonstrates
WARNINGS: In case of overdosage, a complex, multifactorial syndrome that use of the
symptomatic treatment of hypoadrenocorticism with
corticosteroids, mineralocorticoids and intravenous
involves changes in circulating levels of vessel-sealing
fluids may be required. Angiotensin-converting calcium, PTH, phosphorus, and 1,25-dihy- device to seal
enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be used with caution
with VETORYL Capsules, as both drugs have droxycholecalciferol (calcitriol). and section the
aldosterone-lowering effects which may be additive,
impairing the patient’s ability to maintain normal
gubernaculum,
electrolytes, blood volume and renal perfusion. spermatic cord,
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone) WEB-EXCLUSIVE VIDEOS ❯❯ Cryptorchidectomy Video 2
should not be used with VETORYL Capsules as and, finally, the
both drugs have the potential to inhibit aldosterone,
vascular pedicle
increasing the likelihood of hyperkalemia. ❯❯ Laparoscopic and Laparoscopic-
of an abdominally cryptorchid testicle.
HUMAN WARNINGS: Keep out of reach of children. Assisted Cryptorchidectomy Videos
Not for human use. Wash hands after use. Do not
empty capsule contents and do not attempt to divide The June 2009 Surgical Views column, If a totally
the capsules. Do not handle the capsules if pregnant
or if trying to conceive. Trilostane is associated “Laparoscopic and Laporoscopic-Assisted laparoscopic
with teratogenic effects and early pregnancy loss Cryptorchidectomy in Dogs and Cats,” cryptorchidec-
in laboratory animals. In the event of accidental
ingestion/overdose, seek medical advice immediately by Dr. Philipp Mayhew, discusses the tomy is per-
and take the labeled container with you.
advantages and disadvantages of these formed (VIDEO
PRECAUTIONS: Hypoadrenocorticism can techniques. Three videos, contributed 3), the testicle
develop at any dose of VETORYL Capsules.
A small percentage of dogs may develop by Dr. Mayhew, demonstrate some of the can be removed
corticosteroid withdrawal syndrome within 10 days
of starting treatment. Mitotane (o,p’-DDD) treatment techniques discussed in this column. through the ❯❯ Cryptorchidectomy Video 3
will reduce adrenal function. Experience in foreign subumbilical
markets suggests that when mitotane therapy is
stopped, an interval of at least one month should VIDEO 1 demonstrates the manipulation of the port. This way, enlargement of the port can be
elapse before the introduction of VETORYL
Capsules. The use of VETORYL Capsules will not
normal testicle in a unilaterally cryptorchid performed through the linea alba rather than
affect the adrenal tumor itself. Adrenalectomy dog. By pushing the normal testicle in a cra- the muscular body wall where the instrument
should be considered as an option for cases that
are good surgical candidates. nial direction, it is possible to see whether the ports are located.
ADVERSE REACTIONS: The most common
adverse reactions reported are poor/reduced
appetite, vomiting, lethargy/dullness, diarrhea, E-NEWSLETTER
and weakness. Occasionally, more serious reactions
including severe depression, hemorrhagic diarrhea,
collapse, hypoadrenocortical crisis, or adrenal
necrosis/rupture may occur, and may result in death.
❯❯ COMPENDIUM EXTRA, a
monthly e-newsletter, provides
Web-exclusive articles and
news as well as a preview of
this month’s journal. Sign up at
(trilostane)
Distributed by: CompendiumVet.com.
Dechra Veterinary Products
7015 College Boulevard, Suite 525
Overland Park, KS 66211
www.VETORYL.com
866-933-2472 CONTACT US
VETORYL is a trademark of
Dechra Ltd. © 2009, Dechra Ltd.
NADA 141-291, Approved by FDA
❯❯ E-mail your questions,
suggestions, corrections,
or letters to the editor:
editor@CompendiumVet.com
256 Compendium

11. Editorial
AMERICAN
ASSOCIATION OF FELINE
Contributed by: PRACTITIONERS
About AAFP
The American Association of
2008 Feline F
eLV and FIV are among the most common infectious
diseases of cats. Risk factors for infection include male
gender, adulthood, and outdoor access, whereas indoor
In a study of more than 18,000 cats tested
in 2004, 2.3% were positive for FeLV and 2.5%
were positive for FIV.1 Infection rates for FeLV
FeLV Vaccination
The decision to vaccinate an individual cat
against FeLV should be based on the cat’s risk
Feline Practitioners improves
the health and well-being of
cats by supporting high stan-
dards of practice, continuing
Retrovirus lifestyle and sterilization are associated with reduced infec-
tion rates.1–5
The retroviral status of all cats should be known. Cats
and FIV (TABLE 1) varied among subpopula-
tions and sources of cats.
of exposure. Cats that live in a FeLV-negative,
indoor environment are at minimal risk.
FeLV vaccination is recommended for:
education, and scientific inves-
tigation. Feline Practitioners
are veterinary professionals
Management
who belong to this association
may require retrovirus testing at different times in their lives. Preventing FeLV and FIV Infection
because they are “passionate
Here are some general principles for retrovirus testing: Vaccines are available for both retroviruses. All kittens because the lifestyles of kittens fre- about the care of cats”!
Both FeLV and FIV vaccines are non-core. Risk quently change after acquisition and they may American Association of Feline
Guidelines* A cat with a confi rmed-positive test result should be
diagnosed as having a retroviral infection—not clinical dis-
ease. Diseases in cats infected with FeLV or FIV may not
assessment of the individual animal should
dictate their use. No vaccine is 100% effec-
tive, and repeat testing should be performed
subsequently be at risk for FeLV exposure
Cats that go outdoors
Cats that have direct contact with cats of
Practitioners
203 Towne Centre Drive
Hillsborough, NJ 08844-4693
phone: 800-874-0498
necessarily be the result of the retrovirus infection. as warranted. unknown status or in high-turnover situations phone: 908-359-9351
Members of the Cats infected with FeLV or FIV may live for many years.
fax: 908-292-1188
e-mail: info@catvets.com
Advisory Panel A decision for euthanasia should never be made solely on the
basis of whether the cat is infected.
TABLE 1
Media contact: Valerie Creighton,
DVM, ABVP
❯❯ Julie Levy, DVM, PhD, DACVIM, Chair No test is 100% accurate at all times under all conditions. Risk Factors for FeLV and FIV Seropositivity in 18,038 Cats Tested
❯❯ Cynda Crawford, DVM, PhD All test results should be interpreted along with the patient’s at Veterinary Clinics and Animal Shelters in North America1
University of Florida health and prior likelihood of infection. All positive results
Number of Cats Number of Cats
❯❯ Katrin Hartmann, Dr. Med. Vet., Dr. Habil., DECVIN-CA should be confirmed by another test method. Number of Cats
Factor Categories with Positive Results with Positive Results
Ludwig Maximilian University Munich | Munich, Germany Tested
While FeLV and FIV can be life-threatening viruses, proper for FeLV(%) for FIV (%)
❯❯ Susan Little, DVM, DABVP (feline practice) management can give infected cats longer, healthier lives. Study site Animal shelter 8068 124 (1.5) 141 (17)
Winn Feline Foundation | Manasquan, New Jersey The following article reflects the recommendations of the
Veterinary clinic 9970 285 (2.9) 305 (3.1)
❯❯ Eliza Sundahl, DVM, DABVP (Feline Practice) AAFP on managing these infections.
KC Cat Clinic | Kansas City, Missouri Region West 3737 39 (1.0) 72 (1.9)
Epidemiology
❯❯ Vicki Thayer, DVM, DABVP (Feline Practice) Canada 325 8 (2.5) 10 (3.1)
Purrfect Practice | Lebanon, Oregon The prevalence of FeLV infection has reportedly decreased
during the past 20 years, presumably as a result of implemen- South 6359 144 (2.3) 183 (2.9)
❯❯ Regina Hoffmann-Lehmann, Dr. Med. Vet.,Dr. Habil, FVH
tation of widespread testing programs and development of Northeast 3747 107 (2.9) 79 (2.1)
University of Zurich | Zurich, Switzerland
effective vaccines.1,2,6 In contrast, the prevalence of FIV has
not changed since the virus was discovered in 1986. Midwest 3870 111 (2.9) 102 (2.6)
At a Glance Source Clinic (indoors only) 3613 53 (1.5) 32 (0.9)
Epidemiology Clinic (outdoors access) 6357 232 (3.6) 273 (4.3) Disclaimer
Page XXX
About These Guidelines These guidelines
Shelter (relinquished pet) 2809 41 (1.5) 38 (1.4)
This report is an abridged version of the Retrovirus Guidelines are not exclusive.
Preventing FeLV and FIV Infection
Page XXX
of the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) to Shelter (stray) 4550 71 (1.6) 75 (1.6) Other techniques and
guide veterinary practitioners who want to optimize the care Shelter (feral) 709 12 (1.7) 28 (3.9) procedures may be
Limiting Transmission in the Veterinary Practice and management of feline patients. It represents a consensus available. The AAFP
Page XXX
of current information compiled by the researchers and Age Juvenile 9556 131 (1.4) 100 (1.0) expressly disclaim
Diagnosing FeLV and FIV practitioners on the panel. Adult 8482 278 (3.3) 346 (4.1) any warranties or
Page XXX The guidelines in this report are based on the best research guarantees, express
Managing Positive Cats data, clinical experience and technical judgments available at Sex Spayed female 2611 45 (1.7) 82 (1.2) or implied, and shall
❯❯ Margie Scherk, DVM,
Page XXX the time of preparation. While the guidelines are as accurate Neutered male 2984 88 (2.9) 127 (4.3) not be liable for any
and comprehensive as possible, they are subject to change damages of any kind
should new insights become available from additional Sexually intact female 6588 128 (1.9) 44 (1.7) in connection with
*This is an abridged version of the full guidelines (Levy JC, research or technological updates. Sexually intact male 5855 148 (2.5) 193 (3.3) the material, informa-
Crawford C, Hartmann K, et al. 2008 American Associa-
The AAFP is a professional organization of practitioners and tion, techniques, or
tion of Feline Practitioners’ feline retrovirus management
DABVP (Feline Medicine)
guidelines. J Feline Med Surg 2008;10[3]:300-316), available board-certified specialists who seek to raise the standards of Health status Healthy 15,312 238 (1.6) 280 (1.8) procedures set forth
at Catvets.com from the American Association of Feline feline medicine and surgery among practitioners. Sick 2726 171 (6.3) 166 (6.1) in these guidelines.
Practitioners (AAFP). Adapted with permission of AAFP.
472 Compendium | June 2009 | CompendiumVet.com CompendiumVet.com | June 2009 | Compendium: Continuing Education for Veterinarians® 473
Vancouver, British Columbia
The new Feline Focus series begins on page 264.
Feline Focus
B
y now, you know that Compendium is launch- the cornerstone to management and prevention
ing several new series this year, and excite- of the spread of FeLV and FIV and that all cats
ment is building! So what’s new in the should be tested, especially when they are ill?
journal for you and your feline patients? The Vaccination should be considered only in adult
American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) cats that are deemed to live in an at-risk environ-
is partnering with Compendium to shine the ment (i.e., FeLV and FIV vaccines are not core
spotlight on cats on a quarterly basis in Feline for adult cats). However, FeLV vaccination is now
Focus! This series will provide you with pertinent recommended as core for cats younger than 1
and timely updates in feline medicine, covering year. Do you know what the risk for FeLV or FIV
a myriad of useful and useable facts to help you is in your region?
help cats in your practice. It will include brief In addition to providing recommendations on
abstracts and conference pearls; how-to articles preventing retrovirus infections, the guidelines are
about approaching specific problems in cats, as an excellent source of information about caring for
well as handling and working more peacefully retrovirus-positive cats—not only pet cats but also
and effectively with the more difficult members of those in cattery, shelter, and rescue situations. Do
this species; and summaries of AAFP guidelines. clients ask you whether fencing is adequate for iso-
lation of retrovirus-positive cats from uninfected
While FIV and FeLV vaccines are not cats, or what kinds of disinfectant they need to use?
Do you know how often a cat with FeLV should
considered core for adult cats, FeLV is a be examined and which tests should be conducted
core vaccine for cats younger than 1 year. at each visit, or what drugs have been shown to
be effective in the treatment of FeLV or FIV? If
Every column will be peer-reviewed by a dip- the answers to any of these questions intrigue you,
lomate specialist and approved by a representa- the practical, scientifically solid article in this issue
tive of the AAFP. Together, Compendium and the should be a useful clinic resource.
AAFP want to provide more access to informa- Welcome to Feline Focus! We look forward to
tion about feline medicine, brought to you by growing a relationship with you based on solid,
sources you know you can trust. practical feline facts.
In this premiere offering of Feline Focus, we
are pleased to share with you the 2008 AAFP Cheers!
Feline Retrovirus Management Guidelines. Not Margie
excited yet? Let me whet your appetite. For exam-
ple, did you know that testing, not vaccination, is
CompendiumVet.com | June 2009 | Compendium: Continuing Education for Veterinarians® 257