1. University of Crete
Enabling Technologies
Prof. Dimitris Plexousakis
Department of Computer Science,
University of Crete
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

2. Enabling Technologies University of Crete
• Definition of “Enabling Technology”
(www.businessdictionary.com)
“Equipment and/or methodology that, alone or in
combination with associated technologies,
provides the means to generate giant leaps in
performance and capabilities of the user. For
example, the coming together of
telecommunication technologies, internet, and
groupware has leveled the field so that even
smaller firms are able to compete in areas where
they otherwise could not.”
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

3. Enabling Technologies University of Crete
Enabling ICT technologies that can provide a
fundamental contribution to promote growth
and competition and can help boost the
economy in rural areas:
• Broadband infrastructure services (Broadband
development in Greek rural areas)
• Cloud Computing services
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

4. University of Crete
Broadband development in Greek
rural areas
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

5. Broadband development in rural areas:
Context University of Crete
• Greece comprises a significant number of remote
and dispersed residential departments. Most of
these areas are mountainous or insular,
economically disadvantaged and scarcely
populated
– population in such areas represents only 7,56% of the
total Greek population
– about 50% of the residents over 55 years of age
– these areas correspond to almost 45% of the Greek
territory, in terms of geographical coverage and number
of villages
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

6. Broadband development in rural areas:
Context University of Crete
• Significant broadband infrastructural gap,
due to technical, geographical and
socioeconomic characteristics of such rural
areas (“white” areas).
• Lack of sufficient incentives for commercial
operators to upgrade or expand the existing
networks
- lack of commercial interest in the targeted areas.
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

7. “White” areas
University of Crete
http://mapsrv2.terra.gr/eettutilities/mapnew.aspx
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

8. “White” areas
in the Region of Crete University of Crete
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

9. Broadband development in rural areas:
Measures University of Crete
• The objective of the Greek state is to close
the “broadband gap” between the white rural
areas and the grey/black areas in Greece.
• Targets: areas where no broadband
services are available and where operators
have no incentives to provide such services
on commercial terms.
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

10. Description of the measure University of Crete
• Goal: provide broadband infrastructure coverage
to a substantial part of the white areas of the
country as well as reliable and affordable
connectivity services.
• Specific objectives
– promoting infrastructure penetration targets of
20% in the short-term and up to 35% in the
medium-term
– providing a basis for a gradual increase to
30Mbps for each prospective customer
– fostering a competitive market preventing that a
single operator gains special advantages
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

11. Description of the measure University of Crete
• To achieve the aforementioned objectives,
the Greek authorities intend to develop and
operate a broadband network infrastructure
which will be open to all network operators
requesting access
– public ownership of the infrastructure
– open tender process for awarding the
construction, management and operation of the
network to a winning contractor
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

12. Duration of the measure University of Crete
• Rollout of the infrastructure: 2012 to 2015.
• The contract for management and operation
of the network will have a 10-year duration.
• After that period, the Greek authorities (who
retain the ownership of the network) may
proceed with a new awarding procedure.
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

13. Budget and funding instruments University of Crete
• The sources of public funding are
– the Rural Development Program of Greece 2007-2013
(EARFD),
– the Operational Program “Digital Convergence” (ERDF),
– other national funds, to cover specific non-eligible
expenses of the above European funds.
• The maximum amount of public funding (all
sources included) may come up to €250.000.000.
• Since the contract will be awarded through an
open tender procedure, the final public contribution
is expected to be lower.
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

14. Technology University of Crete
• The backhaul part of the network should be
based on fiber optic technology
• Operators will use technologies of choice for
the connection of the access segments to
the backhaul part
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

15. University of Crete
Cloud Computing services
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

16. What are Cloud Services? University of Crete
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

17. The types of Cloud Services University of Crete
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

18. Benefits of virtualization University of Crete
1.Cost savings –"pay as you go" / "pay per
use" model
2.Scalability – access to more IT resources
any time
3.Security and disaster recovery – data
redundancy and rapid recovery
4.Optimum use of resources, environment-
friendliness, lower energy consumption, with
smaller carbon footprints
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

19. Cost savings - Total Cost of
Ownership (TCO) University of Crete
$5.000
$4.500
$4.000
$3.500 HW/ SW
$3.000 Op er at io n s
$2.500 Ad m in ist r at io n
$2.000 En d User I T Co st s
$1.500 Do w n t im e
$1.000
$500
$0
Physical Virtual
machine machine
40% 29% 88% 78% Source: Gartner Inc (8/05), IDC (11/05)
Reduction
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible Increase
Reduction Reduction by the
INTERREG IVC programme operations
HW and S W IT work er IT staff
costs costs downtim e productivity
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

20. Cloud Computing services in rural areas University of Crete
• The cloud infrastructure will be hosted in a Data
Center at an urban area; the rural areas will deploy
the services without concerns about electric power
and network availability in their locale
• SMEs in rural areas will be able to offer e-
commerce services for their customers without
need to purchase any hardware or software:
particular services may be requested from cloud
services providers
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

21. Cloud Computing services in rural areas University of Crete
• Local communities will increasingly offer
localized content
• Entrepreneurship will be encouraged due to
low entry cost
• Services will be addressed to customers
beyond the local population
• Competition and competitiveness will
increase
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

22. Cloud Computing services in rural areas University of Crete
• Cloud Computing can be a solution to fulfill
the needs of e-Government in rural areas
– Cloud computing permits to uniformly cover the
whole country with e-government solutions,
independently of divergence of local
administrative authorities.
– Service-oriented architecture facilitates the
provision of composite services implementing
entire customer processes, where a customer
may be a citizen or an enterprise.
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

23. The transformation of the tourism sector:
the Tourist 3 University of Crete
• “Today’s tourists are geared towards the 3.0
environment; they are connected to the Net and
are highly present in social networks.
Consequently, it is more important than ever for
destinations and tourism enterprises to not only
have an Internet presence but also to offer their
users a good experience and the necessary tools
to interact with the supply side and with other
users.”
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO):
Microsoft and UNWTO to drive innovation in the tourism sector,
PR 12010, Madrid, 28 Feb 12
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

24. Summary University of Crete
• Enabling technologies of strategic importance to
the development of rural areas and in particular to
the development of tourism services :
– Broadband infrastructure services
– Cloud computing
• New measures undertaken by the Greek state are
expected to yield substantial benefit for the
development of broadband connectivity
• Regional data centers may host value-added B2B
and B2C services in an economic and scalable
manner
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

25. University of Crete
Thank you!
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

26. Description of the measure University of Crete
• The winning contractor will only offer wholesale services
and will not be able to offer retail broadband services.
• End users will be served by third party telecom operators or
internet service providers, who will gain access to the new
network at a fee which will be set and monitored by the
Greek National Regulatory Authority EETT.
• The network will be able to offer two types of services:
– "Class A" services of 30 Mbit/s - available for at least45% of the
targeted population, including all residential departments with more
than 400 inhabitants
– "Class B" services of 8 Mbit/s - for the other rural areas (but is
considered only an intermediate step and Class A services).
• The measure aims at achieving coverage of at least 75% of
the population of the rural areas and at least 50% of the
areas
This project is co-financed by the ERDF and made possible by the
INTERREG IVC programme
The contents reflect the author's views. The Managing Authority is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein