1. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
1
Õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêö
1. Ñè õýëýýð õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêö òîäîðõîéëîõ
Ñè õýëýíä ôóíêöóóäûã ñòàíäàðò áà õýðýãëýã÷èéí ãýæ 2 àíãèëäàã. Ñòàíäàðò
ôóíêöóóä íü óðüä÷èëàí òîäîðõîéëîãäñîí (çîõèîãäñîí) ôóíêöóóä áàéäàã áà *.h
ôàéëóóäàä òîäîðõîéëîãääîã. Õàðèí õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêöèéã ïðîãðàìì çîõèîã÷ çîõèîíî.
Ôóíêö íü ïðîãðàììä îëîí äàâòàí õèéãäýõ ¿éëäë¿¿äèéã áàãàñãàæ, ¿éëäë¿¿äèéã
á¿ëýãëýæ ºãäºã.
2. Õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêö çàðëàõ
Áè÷èõ õýëáýð:
<áóöààõ óòãûí òºðºë> <ÔóíêöÍýð>(<òºðºë> <õóâüñàã÷> , <òºðºë> <õóâüñàã÷> . . .)
{
<Ôóíêöûí áèå>
}
1. Õýðýâ ôóíêö óòãà áóöààõ øààðäëàãàòàé áîë ôóíêöûí íýðèéí ºìíº òóõàéí ôóíêöýýñ
áóöààõ óòãûí òºðëèéã áè÷èæ ºãíº. Õýðýâ óòãà áóöààäàãã¿é áîë ºìíº íü void
ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ãèéã áè÷èæ ºãíº ýñâýë åðººñºº ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ã áè÷èõã¿é.
2. Õýðýâ ôóíêö ðóó àëèâàà óòãà äàìæäàã áîë ò¿¿íèéã õ¿ëýýæ àâàõ õóâüñàã÷äûã
àðãóìåíòóóä ãýæ íýðëýäýã áà ôóíêöûí íýðèéí àðä ( ) õààëòàíä òºðºëòýé íü õàìò
áè÷èæ ºãíº. Õýðýâ ôóíêö óòãà õ¿ëýýí àâäàãã¿é áîë ( ) õààëòàíä þó ÷ áè÷èõã¿é.
3. Ôóíêöûí áèåèéã { } õààëòàíä áè÷íý.
Æèøýý :
int Max(int a, int b)
{ int k;
k=(a>b) ? a : b;
printf(“ Max= %d”, k);
return k;
}
Áóöààõ
óòãà
Àðãóìåíòóóä
Ëîêàëü õóâüñàã÷
Óòãà áóöààõ
¿éëäýë

2. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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3. Óòãà áóöààäàãã¿é ôóíêöûã çàðëàõ
1. void ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ã àøèãëàõ
void Sum(int a, int b)
{
printf(“ Sum = %d”, a+b);
}
2. Ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ã àøèãëàõã¿é
Sum(int a, int b)
{
printf(“ Sum = %d”, a+b);
}
Ôóíêö óòãà áóöààõã¿é òîõèîëäîëä ò¿¿íèéã èëýðõèéëýëä àøèãëàæ áîëîõã¿é.
Ê=Sum(a,b)*10+123;  àëäàà
printf(“%d”, Sum(a,b));  àëäàà
4. Ôóíêöýýñ óòãà áóöààõ îïåðàòîð
Ñè õýëýíä ôóíêöýýñ óòãà áóöààõäàà return ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ãèéã õýðýãëýäýã.
Áè÷èãäýõ õýëáýð :
return [ ( ] <èëýðõèéëýë> [ ) ];
Æèøýý : return a+b;
return (a+b);
return a;
return (a);
Return ¿éëäýë ã¿éöýòãýãäýõýä óäèðäëàãà òóõàéí ôóíêöýýñ ãàðíà. ªºðººð õýëáýë íýã
áëîêò ò¿¿íèé àðä áè÷èãäñýí ¿éëäë¿¿ä áèåëýãäýõã¿é.
Æèøýý :
int Sum(int a, int b)
{ int k;
k=a+b;
return k;

3. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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printf(“Sum=%d”,k);  ¯éëäýë õýçýý ÷ áèåëýãäýõã¿é
}
5. Àðãóìåíòã¿é ôóíêöèéã çàðëàõ
Sum(void)
{ printf(“ Sum = %d”, a+b); }
Sum()
{ printf(“ Sum = %d”, a+b); }
6. Ôóíêöûã äóóäàõ
Ôóíêöûã ò¿¿íèé íýðýýð, àðãóìåíòèéã íü äàìæóóëàí äóóäíà.
Æèøýý : Sum(); /* Àðãóìåíòã¿é ôóíêö äóóäàõ */
Sum(5,7); /* Òîãòìîë óòãûã ôóíêöýä äàìæóóëàõ */
Sum(i,k); /* Õóâüñàã÷äûí óòãûã äàìæóóëàõ */
i=Sum(5,7); /* Óòãà áóöààäàã ôóíêöûã àøèãëàõ */
i=Sum(i,k);
i=m+Sum(5,k); /* Èëýðõèéëýëä àøèãëàõ */
Æèøýý : 2 òîîíû íèéëáýð îëäîã ïðîãðàìì çîõèî.
#include <stdio.h>
int Sum(int a, int b)
{ return a+b; }
main()
{ int i,j;
scanf(“%d %d”,&i,&j);
printf(“Sum=%d”,Sum(i,j));
}
7. Õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêöóóäûã áóñàä ôóíêöýýñ õýðýãëýõ íü
Ñè õýëýíä òóõàéí ôóíêö äîòî𠺺ð õýðýãëýã÷èéí ôóíêöèéã äóóäàõ áîë çºâõºí ººðººñºº ºìíº
òîäîðõîéëîãäñîí ôóíêöèéã äóóäàæ áîëíî.
Æèøýý :

4. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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int Sum(int a, int b)
{ return a+b; }
main()
{
/* Sum ôóíêö main ôóíêöýýñ ºìíº òîäîðõîéëîãäñîí ó÷èð ò¿¿íèéã main ôóíêöýýñ äóóäàæ
áîëíî. */
printf(“Sum = %d”, Sum(5,7));
/* Max ôóíêö main ôóíêöýýñ ºìíº òîäîðõîéëîãäîîã¿é ó÷èð ò¿¿íèéã main ôóíêöýýñ
äóóäàæ áîëîõã¿é. */
printf(“Max = %d”,Max(5,7));
}
int Max(int a, int b)
{ return (a>b) ? a : b; }
Ýíý òîõèîëäîëä òóõàéí ôóíêöèéã äóóäàõûí òóëä ººðººñºº ºìíº çàðëàæ ( ôóíêöûí çºâõºí
òîäîðõîéëîëòûã íü çàðëàíà ) ºãäºã. Èíãýæ çàðëàõäàà òóõàéí ôóíêö ð¿¿ äàìæèõ
àðãóìåíòûí áîëîí áóöààõ óòãûí òºðëèéã çààæ ºãäºã.
Áè÷èõ õýëáýð :
<áóöààõ òºðºë> < ÔóíêöÍýð>(<Àðãóìåíòèéí òºðºë> , . . .);
Æèøýý :
int Sum(int a, int b)
{ return a+b; }
int Max(int,int);
main()
{ /* Sum ôóíêö main ôóíêöýýñ ºìíº òîäîðõîéëîãäñîí ó÷èð ò¿¿íèéã main ôóíêöýýñ
äóóäàæ áîëíî. */
printf(“Sum = %d”, Sum(5,7));
/* Max ôóíêö main ôóíêöýýñ ºìíº òîäîðõîéëîãäîîã¿é ó÷èð ò¿¿íèéã main ôóíêöýýñ
äóóäàæ áîëîõã¿é. */
printf(“Max = %d”,Max(5,7));
}
int Max(int a, int b)

5. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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{ return (a>b) ? a : b; }
8. Ôóíêöèéí äîòîîä õóâüñàã÷
Ǻâõºí òóõàéí ôóíêö äîòðîî ë õýðýãëýãäýõ ëîêàëü õóâüñàã÷èéã äîòîîä õóâüñàã÷èä
ãýíý. ªºð ººð ôóíêöóóäûí äîòîîä õóâüñàã÷èä áèå áèåäýý íºëºº ¿ç¿¿ëýõã¿é.
Óäèðäëàãà òóõàéí ôóíêöýä øèëæèõýä ýäãýýð õóâüñàã÷èä ñàíàõ îéä ¿¿ñýõ áà
ôóíêöýýñ ãàðàõàä ñàíàõ îéãîîñ óñòàæ ¿ã¿é áîëíî. ª.õ òóõàéí ôóíêöèéí àìüäðàõ
õóãàöààíä îðøèí òîãòíîíî.
Æèøýý :
int Max(int a, int b)
{ int k;
k=(a>b) ? a : b;
return k;
}
Æèøýý :
#include <stdio.h>
int k;
Sum(int a, int b)
{ int k;
k=a+b;
printf(“k=%d”,k);
}
main()
{
k=1;
printf(“k=%d”,k); /* k = 1 */
Sum(2,2); /* k = 4 */
printf(“k=%d”,k); /* k = 1 */
}
Äîòîîä õóâüñàã÷

6. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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9. Ñòàòèê õóâüñàã÷ (static)
Óòãà òóõàéí ïðîãðàììûí àìüäðàëûí õóãàöààíä õàäãàëàãääàã õóâüñàã÷èéã ñòàòèê
õóâüñàã÷ ãýíý. Ôóíêö äîòîð ñòàòèê õóâüñàã÷èéã çàðëàæ áîëäîã . Ýíý òîõèîëäîëä
òóõàéí ôóíêöèéã äóóäàõ áîëãîíä õóâüñàã÷èéã øèíýýð ¿¿ñãýõã¿é õàðèí ºìíºõ ¿éëäëèéí
¿ð ä¿íãýýð òîãòîîãäñîí óòãûã àâíà.
Áè÷èãäýõ õýëáýð :
static <òºðºë> <õóâüñàã÷>;
Æèøýý :
#include <stdio.h>
Count()
{
static int k=1;
printf(“k=%dn”, k++);
}
main()
{
Count(); /* k = 1 */
Count(); /* k = 2 */
Count(); /* k = 3 */
Count(); /* k = 4 */
Count(); /* k = 5 */
}
Æèøýý :
#include <stdio.h>
Multiple(int a)
{
static int k=1;
printf(“k=%dn”, k);
k*=a;
}
main()

7. “Ïðîãðàì÷ëàëûí õýë” Ôóíêö
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{
int i;
for(i=1; i<=5; i++)
Multiple(2);
}
/* k=1
k=2
k=4
k=8
k=16 */