1. Paraphrasing the Enlightenment

2. Sources for Valid Research Material
• Use reliable sources
– Databases
– Online encyclopedias
– E-books and/or E-reference
• LibGuides
– Created for you by Library Staff

3. LibGuide for Western World Enlightenment

4. Searching the Sources
• Use strong key words
• Use numerous databases and/or sources
• Read articles carefully for information
• Use encyclopedias mainly for background
information

5. Taking Notes on Information
• When you find material you like, what should
you do with it?

6. Step One
• Write down, or copy/paste citation
information

7. Step Two
• Take the text you would like to use and
paraphrase it.

8. What is Paraphrasing?
• Taking the ideas or information from another
source and putting it into your own words.
• Give the source credit. Cite them.
• If not, plagiarism.

9. What is Plagiarism?
• Taking someone else’s work and using it as
though it were your own.
• What are the consequences of plagiarism?

10. How do we avoid Plagiarism?
• Get very good at paraphrasing!!

11. Tips to Paraphrasing
• Change the order of ideas
• Keep length of paraphrase close to length of
original text
• Do not reuse key terms or phrases

12. Let’s Practice Paraphrasing
• Enlightenment Information
• Where is the citation?

13. Sample 1
Text:
Central to Enlightenment thought were the use
and the celebration of reason, the power by
which man understands the universe and
improves his own condition.
Citation: "Enlightenment." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica
Online. 16 Nov. 2010
<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/188441/Enlightenment>.
Paraphrase: The main idea of the
Enlightenment was to use reason, the way a
person comprehends the world and himself.

14. Sample 1 Again
Text:
Central to Enlightenment thought were the use and
the celebration of reason, the power by which man
understands the universe and improves his own
condition.
Citation: "Enlightenment." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica
Online. 16 Nov. 2010
<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/188441/Enlightenment>.
Paraphrase: To enhance his life and
understand the way of the world, men during
the Enlightenment were encouraged to use
reasonable thinking.

15. Practice 1
Text:
The philosophers believed that the scientific
method could be applied to the study of human
nature.
Creech, James. "Enlightenment." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2010. Web. 16
Nov. 2010.
Paraphrase:

16. Practice 2
Text:
Locke believed that anyone can reason, providing
the capacity is allowed to develop. He therefore
emphasized the importance of education and
insisted on the right of free speech and on
toleration for conflicting ideas.
Creech, James. "Enlightenment." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2010. Web. 16
Nov. 2010.
Paraphrase:

17. Works Cited
Creech, James. "Enlightenment." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2010. Web. 16
Nov. 2010.
"Enlightenment." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16
Nov. 2010
<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/188441/Enlightenment>.
Houdon, Jean-Antoine: “Voltaire”. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web.
16 Nov. 2010 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-
art/188441/11761/Voltaire-bronze-by-Jean-Antoine-Houdon-in-the-
Hermitage-St>.