Citations & Paraphrasing

In-text Citations Direct Quote, Summary & Paraphrasing Examples

Citing a Direct Quote When you have text that you want to quote directly, follow these steps: ,[object Object]

Attribute the author and the page numberdirectly after the quoted text.

*page #’ s in database articles?Author’s Name (MLA) Not my page #

Topic: Direct Quote: “ ” ( ). Paraphrase: ( ). MLA Citation:

Topic: American’s Paranoia Direct Quote: “It's a crazy world out there, or so it would seem. Just scan the newspapers, surf the Internet, or go to the movies--paranoia and conspiracy theories are as easy to find as theories on who killed Nicole Simpson. We in the U.S. seem to be fearful of everything, from federal agencies to pesticides in apples” (Hendricks). Paraphrase: ( ). MLA Citation:

Topic: American Paranoia Direct Quote: “It's a crazy world out there, or so it would seem. Just scan the newspapers, surf the Internet, or go to the movies--paranoia and conspiracy theories are as easy to find as theories on who killed Nicole Simpson. We in the U.S. seem to be fearful of everything, from federal agencies to pesticides in apples” (Hendricks). Paraphrase: ( ). Hendricks, Melissa. "What, Me Paranoid?." Johns Hopkins Magazine. Sept. 1995: 56-61. SIRS Researcher. Web. 29 Sep 2011. MLA Citation:

Direct Quote or Original Text: “On December 21, 1941, just two weeks almost to the hour after Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt welcomed his military brain trust into his private study on the second floor of the White House. FDR’s “Big Three” consisted of General George Marshall, the starchy army chief of staff; General Henry “Hap” Arnold, the genial chief of staff of the army of air forces; and Admiral Ernest King, the imperious chief of naval operations. These masters of land, air, and sea were prepared to request troops and equipment….” (Bradley 98). Summary Card Sometimes you will have a large amount of information that you want to summarize: ,[object Object]

Summarize, or condense, the information, leaving out minor details.

Attribute the author and page numberdirectly after the summarized text.Roosevelt’s Plan In response to the attack on Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt assembled his top three advisors to begin planning the U.S. counterattack (Bradley 98). Topic Works Cited Bradley, James. Flyboys: A True Story of Courage. Little Brown and Company; New York, 2003. Summary

Paraphrasing Read the quote. Make sure you understand it. Now try to put the quote in your own words. Switch order of ideas? Length about the same. Attribute the author and the page numberdirectly after the paraphrased text. ,[object Object]

When you have text that you need to paraphrase, consider these tips: ,[object Object]

Citations & Paraphrasing

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