1. Nervous system
Chapter 12
Chista Tatar
Professor Abdullah

2. -Plegia
(PLEE-jee-ah)
— Suffix meaning paralysis or a stroke
— From the Greek plege meaning a blow or stroke.
— cardioplegia (paralysis of the heart)
— hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the
body
— quadriplegia (paralysis of all four
extremities)
— paraplegia (paralysis of the legs)

3. Hemiplegia
— Hemiplegia: Paralysis of one side of the
body.
— From hemi- (half) + plege (a blow, stroke).
— Total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on
the same side of the body.
— may be congenital or acquired from an
illness or stroke.

4. Hemiplegia continued
— Hemiplegia is a common medical disorder.
— In elderly individuals, strokes are the most common
cause of hemiplegia.
— In children, the majority of cases of hemiplegia have
no identifiable cause and occur with a frequency of
about one in every thousand births.
— Majority of cases of hemiplegia that occur up to the
age of two should be considered to be cerebral
palsy until proven otherwise.

5. Hemiplegia Causes
— Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
— Thrombosis, Embolism or hemorrhage
— Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
— Migraine syndrome
— Head Trauma
— Brain Contusion
— Subdural Hematoma
— Epidural hematoma

6. Hemiplegia Causes 2
— Todd's Paralysis
— Diabetes Mellitus
— Brain Tumor (Primary or metastatic disease)
— Infection
— Brain abscess
— Encephalitis
— Subdural empyema
— Meningitis

7. Hemiplegia Causes 3
— Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma
— Vasculitis
— Demyelinating disease
— Multiple Sclerosis
— Acute necrotizing myelitis
— Hereditary disease
— Leukodystrophies
— Congenital or perinatal injury

8. Treatment
— Drugs
— Surgery
— Rehabilitation

9. -algesia
(al-JEE-zee-ah)
— from the Greek word algesis, the sensitivity
to pain.
— Analgesics, most commonly known as
painkillers, are used to reduce the feeling of
pain.
— The term is sometimes used to refer
to hyperalgesia (an extreme sensitivity).

10. Analgesia
— The absence of
the sense of pain while
remaining conscious.

11. Analgesics
— Analgesic drugs act in various ways on
the peripheral and central nervous systems;
they include paracetamol (para-
acetylaminophenol, also known in the US as
acetaminophen), the
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) such as the salicylates,
and opioid drugs such as morphine and opium.
They are distinct from anesthetics, which
reversibly eliminate sensation.

12. Popular Analgesics
— Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
— Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
— Aleve (naproxen)
— Advil (Ibuprofen)

13. Bibliography
— World Health Organization
— Fpnotebook.com
— Webster’s Dictionary