Kc 1 B Pro ENGL 1302 14 October 2019 Climate Change Introduction Climate change is a phenomenon that takes place in line with changes in the weather pattern in a given region for an extended period. The length taken for climate change to occur can be either long or short. For climate change to take place, there has to be an interaction of various parts such as atmosphere, cry sphere, lithosphere, and the biosphere. The entire climate system depends on the sun for energy. Climate energy is also structured in such a way that it gives out energy to outer space. An imbalance in the incoming and outgoing energy is linked to an event of climate change. Climate change is characterized by adverse impacts that need appropriate mitigation processes. In that case, this paper seeks to discuss the causes of climate change, its effects, importance, and solutions of the same. Causes of Climate Change The world-leading causes of climate change are human activities. Human activities can be understood from different perspectives depending on the impact that they have on the environment. Humans engage in the use of fossil fuels as sources of energy, not knowing this is an act that contributes to climate change (Nerem, 2022). Fossil fuels are sources of climate change, and they engage the burning of coal as well any other objects that produce carbon dioxide. Deforestation, uncontrolled waste disposal, mining, and intensive farming are some of the other well-known cause of climate change. All these are human actions that lead to growth and development but still impact the environment negatively. For instance, incineration leads to the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide that traps warmth in the atmosphere. Also, it affects the ozone layer leading to exposure to harmful ultraviolet rays. Effects of Climate Change A global climate change is an aspect that already has observable effects when looked profoundly. For instance, glaciers have been shrunk, while rivers have been filled with ice. Trees are also flowering to show that there has been a change in climate, and any adverse impact needs to be controlled or handled appropriately. Scientists have been conducting research, and currently, they have brought out the fact that it can lead to a loss in the sea ice (Hart and Lauren, 415). A loss in the sea ice leads to a rise in sea levels, which is detrimental to the surrounding environment. All these adverse impact make climate change an important aspect that needs to be studied and well understood. Rise in Sea Levels - Climate change leads to a rise in sea levels. The average sea level in the past 100 years has been standing at 20 cm, but this is likely to rise rapidly in the next coming years (Bindo et al., 385). This is an aspect that is already being experienced at the coast, with a number of flooding events taking place. For instance, New York has had many flooding cases, and by the year 2050, there will be a need to construct sea walls to contr ...

1. Kc 1
B
Pro
ENGL 1302
14 October 2019
Climate Change
Introduction
Climate change is a phenomenon that takes place in line with
changes in the weather pattern in a given region for an extended
period. The length taken for climate change to occur can be
either long or short. For climate change to take place, there has
to be an interaction of various parts such as atmosphere, cry
sphere, lithosphere, and the biosphere. The entire climate
system depends on the sun for energy. Climate energy is also
structured in such a way that it gives out energy to outer space.
An imbalance in the incoming and outgoing energy is linked to
an event of climate change. Climate change is characterized by
adverse impacts that need appropriate mitigation processes. In
that case, this paper seeks to discuss the causes of climate
change, its effects, importance, and solutions of the same.
Causes of Climate Change
The world-leading causes of climate change are human
activities. Human activities can be understood from different
perspectives depending on the impact that they have on the
environment. Humans engage in the use of fossil fuels as
sources of energy, not knowing this is an act that contributes to
climate change (Nerem, 2022). Fossil fuels are sources of
climate change, and they engage the burning of coal as well any
other objects that produce carbon dioxide.
Deforestation, uncontrolled waste disposal, mining, and
intensive farming are some of the other well-known cause of
climate change. All these are human actions that lead to growth
and development but still impact the environment negatively.
For instance, incineration leads to the emission of greenhouse

2. gases such as carbon dioxide that traps warmth in the
atmosphere. Also, it affects the ozone layer leading to exposure
to harmful ultraviolet rays.
Effects of Climate Change
A global climate change is an aspect that already has observable
effects when looked profoundly. For instance, glaciers have
been shrunk, while rivers have been filled with ice. Trees are
also flowering to show that there has been a change in climate,
and any adverse impact needs to be controlled or handled
appropriately. Scientists have been conducting research, and
currently, they have brought out the fact that it can lead to a
loss in the sea ice (Hart and Lauren, 415). A loss in the sea ice
leads to a rise in sea levels, which is detrimental to the
surrounding environment. All these adverse impact make
climate change an important aspect that needs to be studied and
well understood.
Rise in Sea Levels - Climate change leads to a rise in sea levels.
The average sea level in the past 100 years has been standing at
20 cm, but this is likely to rise rapidly in the next coming years
(Bindo et al., 385). This is an aspect that is already being
experienced at the coast, with a number of flooding events
taking place. For instance, New York has had many flooding
cases, and by the year 2050, there will be a need to construct
sea walls to control the situation.
Melting Ice - According to research, if climate change continues
to take place rapidly with an increase in global warming, then
the earth's glaciers will disappear. The Place ice cap will fade
out with the Greenland taking up its original form. Snow will
become a rear aspect in the future as they will have melted as a
result of global warming (Bindo et al., 385). Global warming
occurs after too much heat is trapped within the earth's
atmosphere leading to the rapid melting of earth's ice.
Droughts and Heat Waves - More droughts and heatwaves are
normally experienced as a result of climate change. The
heatwaves are likely to increase and become intense if climate
change is not well controlled (Hart and Lauren, 415). Summer

3. temperatures will be higher than normal, and they will also lead
to a reduction in soil moisture. An increase in temperatures
leads to an intense heatwave that causes forest fires. Forest fires
intron lead to the death of natural habitats that are essential to
the environment.
Changes in Precipitation Patterns - A change in climate leads to
changes in precipitation patterns. This is where there is a
torrential downpour that comes with hailstorms. For instance,
the average precipitation in the whole of the United States has
had an increase from the 1900s (Nerem, 2022). Some areas have
had an increase, while others have had a reduction in rain
levels. An increase in downpours causes flooding, which has
taken the lives of many and led to the destruction of property.
Solution
s to Climate Change
One of the most effective ways of managing or mitigating
climate change is reducing the cutting down of trees. Each year,
people cut down forests with the timber used in different
capacities (Change IPCC Climate, 3). Trees help in the
regulation of precipitation trends and still holds the soil keeping
it intact. There is a need to balance the amount of wood taken
out of the forests. This controls the chunk of emission scoring
from industries.
The other way to reduce climate change is to advocate for the
use of public transport instead of private means. This is a
strategy that will reduce the amount of carbon emissions into

4. the atmosphere (Change IPCC Climate, 2). The lesser the
number of cars on the road, the lesser the amount of carbon
emissions. This intern helps in ensuring the atmospheric
temperatures are well balanced with fewer cases of global
warming.
The use of clean sources of energy is also effective in
mitigating climate change. For instance, fossil fuels contain
carbon, which, when emitted to the atmosphere, leads to climate
change. In as much as this is true, some individuals have
politicized the measure claiming it will lead to a deterioration
in economic growth. Regardless, it is therefore advisable to use
alternative sources of energy such as biogas, solar energy, wind
energy, or hydropower.
Conclusion
In conclusion, climate change is an issue that human activities
lead to, but it can be mitigated if action is taken in time.
Climate change affects the environment adversely, as this has
been seen in the form of increased temperature. Climate change
leads to loss of lives, especially to those living in the areas
affected by heatwaves and floods. At the same time, climate
change leads to drought as well as health issues that impact
many adversely. Therefore, choosing the most appropriate
mitigation strategy to end it is necessary.
Works Cited

5. Bindo, N. L., et al. "Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and
Sea Level, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.
Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change."
(2018): 385-432.
Change, IPCC Climate. "Mitigation of climate change."
Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 1454
(2014).
Hart, P. Sol, and Lauren Feldman. "The impact of climate
change–related imagery and text on public opinion and behavior
change." Science Communication 38.4 (2016): 415-441.
Nerem, Robert S., et al. "Climate-change–driven accelerated
sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era." Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences 115.9 (2018): 2022-2025.
kc 1
Kc 3
B

6. Professor
English 1302
19 September 2019
Climate Change Annotated Bibliography
Seinfeld, John H., and Spyros N. Pandis. Atmospheric chemistry
and physics: from air pollution to climate change. John Wiley &
Sons, 2016.
This publication basically covers the various aspects of the
climate change as it relates to the general chemistry and the
physics of the society. It was mainly published to try and
explain the general changes that take place in the society as it
relates to the chemistry and the physical state of the globe.
According to this article the general changes that take place in
the atmosphere like the air pollution and such like activities are
generally physical or chemical in nature. The article has
covered the various theories that surround the chemical changes
in the society like the thermodynamics and the theory of
homogenous nucleation. The authors of this article were mainly
focusing on the climatic change and covering the catalysing
factors which motivate the changes in the atmosphere. A good
example in the article has explained the manner the chemical
reactions in the atmosphere have impacted the ozone layer. The
climate change has mainly been promoted by the chemical

7. reactions in the atmosphere.
Edenhofer, Ottmar, ed. Climate change 2014: mitigation of
climate change. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Edenhofer has mainly focused on the manner the society can
take care of the climate change. The climate change has been
outlined to be a very serious issue in the society and the article
has outlined the adverse implication it has on the society; it has
therefore discussed the various approaches the society may
follow to contain the situation. The best way to handle the
climatic change and the implication it has on the society is to
come up with an appropriate way to manage and generally try
controlling it.
Newman, Todd P., Erik C. Nisbet, and Matthew C. Nisbet.
"Climate change, cultural cognition, and media effects:
Worldviews drive news selectivity, biased processing, and
polarized attitudes." Public Understanding of Science 27.8
(2018): 985-1002.
This article has mainly focused on the general areas of the
climate change in the society right from the cultural aspects, the
manner the media has implicated the change. This change has
taken place in the global arena. There have been several views
that people have given on the general climate change and the
way the implications have change the human life including the

8. cultures and so. This article has therefore covered the climate
change based on the media point of view.
Svoboda, Michael. "Cli‐fi on the screen (s): Patterns in the
representations of climate change in fictional films." Wiley
Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 7.1 (2016): 43-64.
There are several varying opinions that have come up on the
climate change and different scholars have derived opinions on
the same. This article was generally giving the author’s opinion
on the climate change subject. The article has actually covered
variety of review on the same topic of climate change.
Work Cited
Seinfeld, John H., and Spyros N. Pandis. Atmospheric chemistry
and physics: from air pollution to climate change. John Wiley &
Sons, 2016.
Edenhofer, Ottmar, ed. Climate change 2014: mitigation of
climate change. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Newman, Todd P., Erik C. Nisbet, and Matthew C. Nisbet.
"Climate change, cultural cognition, and media effects:
Worldviews drive news selectivity, biased processing, and
polarized attitudes." Public Understanding of Science 27.8

9. (2018): 985-1002.
Svoboda, Michael. "Cli‐fi on the screen (s): Patterns in the
representations of climate change in fictional films." Wiley
Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 7.1 (2016): 43-64.
PAGE
2
Formal Outline Guidance Worksheet
I. Introduction
a. Hook (Opening Strategy)
i. 2-3 Sentences
1.
2.
3.
b. Context (Opening Strategy)
i. 2-4 Sentences
1.
2.
3.
4.
c. Thesis Statement

10. i. 1 Sentence
1.
II. Body Paragraph (you’ll need more than one!)
a. Topic Sentence (Mentions unifying idea, subsequent Topic
Sentences also serve as Transitions)
i. 1 Sentence
1.
b. Concrete Detail (CD) 1 – Quote or Specific Example
i. 1 Sentence
1.
c. Commentary Sentence (Connect CD to Topic Sentence)
i. 1 Sentence
1.
d. Commentary Sentence (Connect CD to Topic Sentence)
i. 1 Sentence
1.
e. Concrete Detail (CD) 1 – Quote or Specific Example
i. 1 Sentence
1.
f. Commentary Sentence (Connect CD to Topic Sentence)
i. 1 Sentence
1.
g. Commentary Sentence (Connect CD to Topic Sentence)
i. 1 Sentence
1.

11. h. Concluding Sentence
III. Conclusion
a. Restate Thesis (Rephrase, don’t just copy and paste the
sentence)
i. 1 Sentence
1.
b. Summarize Main Points
i. 2-3 Sentences
1.
2.
3.
c. Employ Closing Strategy
i. 3-4 Sentences, often referring to Hook and Context in Intro
1.
2.
3.
4.
d. Mic Drop Moment – final, impactful statement your reader
won’t soon forget!
i. 1 Sentence
1.