The document presents information on the Carnot cycle, a theoretical thermodynamic cycle proposed by Sadi Carnot in 1824. The Carnot cycle consists of four reversible processes involving two isothermal and two adiabatic steps using a perfect gas as a working substance between a heat source and heat sink. The efficiency of the Carnot cycle depends only on the temperature range and provides the maximum possible efficiency for converting heat into work in a thermodynamic cycle. However, the Carnot cycle is impossible to implement in practice due to assumptions of frictionless, infinitely slow isothermal processes and infinitely fast adiabatic processes.

1. PRESENTATION ON
CARNOT CYCLE

2. Introduction
This cycle was proposed in 1824 by a German
engineer “SADI CARNOT”.
It is a hypothetical cycle which is used to compare
other cycle.
It consist of four reversible process.

3. Assumptions
Working substances is a perfect gas.
There is no friction between the cylinder and
piston.
Walls of cylinder and piston are considered as
perfect heat insulator.
Transfer of heat does not affect the temperature
of source or sink.

4. Elements of Carnot cycle
Working substances. (i.e. Air)
Heat source and heat sink.
Piston-Cylinder arrangement.
Diathermic cover (perfect heat conductor) and
Adiabatic cover (prefect heat insulator)

5. Working
It works on 4 steps. (i.e. 2 isentropic(adiabatic) & 2isothermal).

6. Efficiency of Carnot cycle
Efficiency of Carnot cycle = work done /heat
supplied
Efficiency of Carnot cycle depends upon the
temperature range.
= 1-(T2 /T1)
Efficiency increase with decrease in
temperature.

7. Impractibility of Carnot cycle
It is impossible to perform a frictionless
process.
It is impossible to transfer the heat with out
finite temperature difference.
During isothermal the piston move very slowly
so that temperature remains constant & during
adiabatic process it moves very fast so heat
transfer is negligible due to very short time
available. The variation of speed during the
same cycle is not possible.

9. THANK YOU
Presented by
Arun Kathariya (1247177)
Bibek Raj Karki (1247178)