1. WAVES

2. WHAT IS A WAVE?
• Wave
- a wave is any disturbance from any
equilibrium position which travels or propagates itself
over time from one place to another.
- it carries energy through matter or space.

3. Parts of a Wave
crest
Speed = wavelength x frequency

4. TYPES OF WAVES
• Mechanical Waves
- waves that need a medium in order to
propagate
e.g. sound waves, water waves, spring waves
• Electromagnetic Waves
- waves that do not require a medium in order
to propagate
e.g. light waves, radio waves

5. CLASSIFICATION OF WAVES
• Transverse Waves
- a waves that moves matter in direction
perpendicular to the direction of the wave’s motion
• Longitudinal Waves
- the movement of the particle is along the
direction of the wave.
• Surface Wave
- are combination of transverse and longitudinal
waves

7. PROPERTIES OF WAVES
• Reflection
- the bouncing off of waves as it hits a material.
Law of Reflection
1. The angle of incidence
is equal to the angle of
reflection
i= r
2. The incident ray, the
reflected ray and the
normal line lie on a single
plane.

8. • Refraction
- the bending of waves as is pass through a
medium

9. • Diffraction
- the ability of the wave to travel around corners
or obstacles in their path.

10. • Interference
- when two waves meet at a point, the resulting
displacement of that point will be the sum of the
displacements produced by each of the waves.
1. Constructive interference
- If the crests of one wav meet the crests of the other, and
the troughs of one of the waves meet the trough of the
other.
2. Destructive interference
- if the crests of one of the wave meet the troughs of the
other

12. EXAMPLE
• What is the angle of reflection of water waves if the
incident angle is 250?
• Wave A with amplitude of 10 cm meets wave B with
the same wavelength but with amplitude half of
wave A. If a crest of a wave A meets a trough of
wave B, what is the amplitude of the resultant
wave.

13. • Calculate the speed of a sound wave whose
wavelength is 15 meters and whose frequency is 15
Hz?
• A swimmer notices that the water wave crests pass
his body every 3 second. The distance between two
crests base from his rough estimate is about 4
meters. How fast are the waves traveling.

14. • Extreme waves along ocean waters, sometimes
referred to as freak waves or rogue waves, are a
focus of much research and study among scientists.
Several merchant ships reports rogue waves which
are estimated to be 25 meters high and 26 meters
long. Assuming that these waves travel at speeds of
6.5 m/s, determine the frequency and the period of
these waves.