A Senior automation engineer should be able to work independently on modules from start to finish and ask the right questions. Key areas for a Senior to focus on include processes, estimations, the Test Pyramid, programming languages, test automation frameworks, improvements, build tools, libraries, coverage, databases, design patterns, best practices, testing types, CI/CD, reporting, metrics, communication, Git, BDD, code review, coding standards, team leadership, conflict management, and business communication. Resources provided include books, presentations, documentation, and Epam webinars to learn about these topics.