A presentation to the National Library of Medicine Mid-Atlantic Region conference on data management services, April 2014

1. Library Data Management Services:
A Strategic Framework for Development and
Implementation
NN/LM MAR Research Data Management Symposium
28 April 2014
Keith Webster
Dean of University Libraries

2. Our
professional
future
The genealogy of the
contemporary research
library
The risk of invisibility
The emergence of open
science
Our core professional
skills
An overview of data
management
The policy context
Data management
activities
The
UQ
experience
DM service philosophy
Partnerships
Skills development
The Australian model
Emerging services at CMU
Pu6ng
it
into
prac8ce
The
data
management
impera8ve

3. Our
professional
future
The genealogy of the contemporary research library

16. Where do library clients go?
Specific e-resource
General search engine
Library catalogue
Library building
1
18
38
47
13
28
21
37
2003 2012
Search engine
Wikipedia
SNS
Email
Online database
Virtual reference
Library website 0
0
1
1
2
7
83
Where do student start a search? Where do academics begin research?
Perceptions of libraries 2010,
OCLC
Faculty study 2012: key insights for
libraries and publishers, Ithaka

18. Our
professional
future
The risk of invisibility

19. What is happening in the world
is bypassing university libraries
Peter Murray-Rust
The scientist’s view
JISC Libraries of the future debate, April 2009

20. “…contact
with
librarians
and
informa8on
professionals
is
rare”
“…researchers
are
generally
confident
in
their
[self-­‐
taught]
abili8es..,
librarians
see
them
as..rela8vely
unsophis8cated”
“…librarians
see
it
as
a
problem
that
they
are
not
reaching
all
researchers
with
formal
training,
whereas
most
researchers
don’t
think
they
need
it”

21. • The
part
that
academic
librarians
should
play
remains
unclear
• Raise
awareness
of
eResearch
amongst
library
staff
• Provide
advice
on
data
management
to
eResearchers
• Data
cura8on
is
vast,
complex
and
requires
subject
input

22. • “The
bad
news
is
that
I’m
not
sure
they
understand
what
goes
on
in
the
library
other
than
taking
out
books.”
Benton
Founda8on,
1996
• “User
percep8ons
nega8vely
affect
the
ability
of
librarians
to
meet
informa8on
needs
simply
because
a
profession
cannot
serve
those
who
do
not
understand
its
purpose
and
exper8se.”
Durrance,
1988

23. The worst thing about
the stereotype is that it
impacts on the psyche of
librarians who really
begin to believe that they
don't deserve the kingpin
role
US Congress, 2001

24. Our
professional
future
The emergence of open science

25. • It is likely that the way that researchers publish, assess
impact, communicate, and collaborate will change more
within the next 20 years than it did in the past 200 years.
http://book.openingscience.org/

26. • Driven by end-users!
• Interdisciplinary knowledge!
• Collaborative across sectors!
• Transitory research teams!
• Accountability (social and
economic) to range of
stakeholders!
• Quality control (academic merit,
cost effectiveness, economic and
social relevance)
(Gibbons [et al], 1994)
• Driven by academic discipline!
• Knowledge framed by
disciplinary norms!
• Deeply institutionalised!
• Accountability to peers!
• Scientist is expert!
• Quality control by peer
review and contribution to
discipline
Mode 1 Mode 2
Modes of knowledge production

27. Funding structures and requirements
• External funding!
• Diverse source of funding!
• Government!
• Not-for-profit!
• Industry!
• Economic outcomes!
• increase wealth creation & prosperity!
• improve nation’s health, environment & quality of life!
• Innovation!
• Improved competitiveness!
• “Commercialisation” of research!
• Less “curiosity-driven” activity

28. • Fund the best research to
meet the needs of the
country!
• Develop leaders and
researchers who can meet
national and global priorities!
• Foster public engagement
with research!
• Funding international
collaboration
Aims of research funders

31. Open access,
open data,
open science
!
!
Increasingly, the “private” nature of academic science
is being displaced by a culture of openness - ideas,
approaches and observations are shared at the
earliest opportunity with colleagues - and sometimes
the world at large.!
!
Whilst the ‘version of record’ approach to journal
article creation retains validity, this is increasingly
seen as a compliance matter - required to meet
career objectives and funder/government
requirements!

32. !
!
Traditional enquiry-driven research
has been supplanted by reflexive
research, driven by the increasingly
necessary flow of external research
funding into universities. Largely, this
comes from government agencies, but
charities (such as the Wellcome Trust)
and industry are also powerful
sponsors of high-quality activity.!
!
This state has led to the notion of the
triple-helix of research - academe,
industry and government.!
!
In turn, these inter-relationships have
spawned a major industry around
assessing and evaluating the impact of
research. Initially, the aim was to
drive up standards; this is now shifting
to a culture of openness, and a desire
to foster public engagement.!
!
!

33. Useful
knowledge Useful
knowledge
Sharable
knowledge
Sharable
knowledge
http://michaelnielsen.org/blog/the-future-of-science-2/

35. About 35 percent of scientists are using things like blogs to consume and
produce content.There is an explosion of online tools and platforms
available to scientists, ranging from Web 2.0 tools modified or created for
the scientific world to Web sites that are doing amazing things with video,
lab notebooks, and social networking.!
!
The next generation of PIs is already establishing new behaviors.They feel
comfortable blogging, using social media tools, and using wikis to advance
their research. It will take the big institutions to support open-access
journals, for example.And it will take technological innovation in the form
of software that is purpose-built for this unique community and its set of
challenges.!
!
We’re talking about something as fundamental and important as
modernizing the architecture of science.
Adam Bly
http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/science_2.0_pioneers/

36. There are a billion people connected to the, the Web. At least one of them has a smarter
idea about what to do with your data than you do.
James Boyle

43. Our
professional
future
Our core professional skills

44. How
do
we
add
value?
• Bri8sh
Library
adds
£419m
of
value
to
the
economy
each
year
hp://www.bl.uk/aboutus/
stratpolprog/increasingvalue/
bri8shlibrary_economicevalua8on.pdf

45. Making
a
difference
Adverse event avoided Percent
Hospital admission 11.5
Hospital acquired infection 8.2
Surgery 21.2
Additional tests/procedures 49.0
Additional out-patient visits 26.4
Patient mortality 19.2
Marshall (1994) The impact of information services on decision making

47. Collection-centric - 1st generation

48. Client-focused - 2nd generation

49. Experience-centered - 3rd generation

50. Connected Learning Experiences and Information
Specialists in the Research Process- 4th generation

51. Current priorities in
academic libraries
1. Continue and complete migration from print to
electronic and realign service operations
2. Retire legacy collections
3. Continue to repurpose library as primary
learning space
4. Reposition library expertise and resources to be
more closely embedded in research and teaching
enterprise outside library
5. Extend focus of collection development from
external purchase to local curation
Lewis (2007);Webster (2010, 2012)

52. CORE
SCHEMA
(CILIP,
2004)

53. Our
professional
future
The genealogy of the
contemporary research
library
The risk of invisibility
The emergence of open
science
Our core professional
skills
An overview of data
management
The policy context
Data management
activities
The
UQ
experience
DM service philosophy
Partnerships
Skills development
The Australian model
Emerging services at CMU
Pu6ng
it
into
prac8ce
The
data
management
impera8ve

54. The
data
management
impera8ve
An overview of data management

55. Why Data Management Services?
"The Board believes that timely attention
to digital research data sharing and
management is fundamental to supporting
U.S. science and engineering in the twenty-
first century.
...strong and sustainable data sharing and
management policies [are] a critical
national need."
Digital Research Data Sharing and Management
December 2011
Task Force on Data Policies
Committee on Strategy and Budget
National Science Board

56. More
data
will
be
created
in
the
next
five
years
than
has
been
collected
in
the
whole
of
human
history.
Properly
managed,
this
data
will
form
a
major
resource
for
Australian
researchers.

57. "Create a comprehensive
framework...that provide[s]
reliable, effective access to the
full spectrum of public digital
scientific data."
2009

58. Research
collaboration is
associated with high
academic and wider
impact
International
collaboration is
associated with high
academic impact
Data can be shared
easily across borders

59. Sharing
data?
• Create
opportuni8es
–For
re-­‐analysis
and
re-­‐use
–To
facilitate
collabora8on
• Solve
problems
–Waste
of
money,
people
and
effort
–Loss
of
irretrievable
data
–Inability
to
verify
research
• Issues
and
challenges
–Pa8ent
confiden8ality
–IP
and
discovery
protec8on
• Promote
cura8on
rather
than
sharing?

60. The
data
management
impera8ve
The policy context

62. • The rapid development in computing
technology and the Internet have opened up
new applications for the basic sources of
research — the base material of research data
— which has given a major impetus to
scientific work in recent years.
• Access to research data increases the returns
from public investment in this area; reinforces
open scientific inquiry; encourages diversity of
studies and opinion; promotes new areas of
work and enables the exploration of topics
not envisioned by the initial investigators.
• The value of data lies in their use. Full and
open access to scientific data should be
adopted as the international norm for the
exchange of scientific data derived from
publicly funded research.

63. • Builds upon work
in Fort
Lauderdale
biological data
sharing principles
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/pdf/461168a.pdf

64. 64

66. Key points
• Publicly funded research data are a public good,
produced in the public interest, which should be
made openly available with as few restrictions as
possible in a timely and responsible manner that
does not harm intellectual property.
• To ensure that the research process is not
damaged by inappropriate release of data, research
organisation policies and practices should ensure
that these are considered at all stages in the
research process.

69. 69

71. 71

73. 73

74. 74
Ins8tu8ons
are
to
retain
research
data,
provide
secure
data
storage,
iden8fy
ownership,
and
ensure
security
and
confiden8ality
of
research
data
Researchers
are
to
retain
research
data
and
primary
materials,
manage
storage
of
research
data
and
primary
materials,
maintain
confiden8ality
of
research
data
and
primary
materials.

75. Australian requirements
1.Intellectual property
2.Data management, including:
◦ Storage
◦ RetentionDisposal
◦ Access, publication, description
3. Conflict of interest — do all parties have the same
understanding about the use of the data?
3.Collaboration and contractual agreements
4.Ethics and privacy Compliance

76. 76

77. 77

78. 78

79. “The Holdren Memo”
To achieve the Administration’s
commitment to increase access to
federally funded published
research and digital scientific data,
Federal agencies investing in
research and development must have
clear and coordinated policies for
increasing such access.
Memo on Increasing Access to the Results of
Federally Funded Scientific Research
White House Office of Science and Technology
Policy
February 22, 2012

80. Data Management and Sharing
Soon (late 2014?)

81. The
data
management
impera8ve
Data management activities

82. 82

83. What do we mean by RDM?
Data Retention
Policy
Repository Data Policy
Data
Visualization
Data
Management
Planning
File
Formatting
Metadata
Discovery
Grant Writing
Registry
Intellectual
Property
Issues

84. 84
Research Data Lifecycle
Conceptualize Project
Data Archiving Publication
Data Analysis
Collect Data
Data Reuse

85. Compliance-Side Economics
Data
Management
Planning
3+ Years
Data &
Institutional
Repositories
Pre-Award Compliance Post-Project Compliance

86. Data Services Program
Data
Management
Planning
Data &
Institutional
Repositories
Operational
DMP &
Compliance
Checklist
Check
Up
Visits
Compliance
Assessment
Data
Management
Training
Data
Consult.
&
Staging
3+ Years

87. Our
professional
future
The genealogy of the
contemporary research
library
The risk of invisibility
The emergence of open
science
Our core professional
skills
An overview of data
management
The policy context
Data management
activities
The
UQ
experience
DM service philosophy
Partnerships
Skills development
The Australian model
Emerging services at CMU
Pu6ng
it
into
prac8ce
The
data
management
impera8ve

88. Pu6ng
it
into
place
Data management service philosophy

89. What might our service
offer?
• Teaching or doing?
• Compliance or support?
• Storage or registering?
• Policy advice vs policy development
• Institution-wide or in response to requests?
• Advising on data re-use (sources, analysis etc)

90. Data curation lifecycle

92. Pu6ng
it
into
place
Partnerships

93. Likely partners
• Office of Research
• Ethics/privacy/legal experts
• Computing specialists
• High performance computing

95. Other sources of help
• National data services
• Data archives
• Research funding agencies
• Other libraries
• Growing number of books and reports
• Specialist advice

98. Pu6ng
it
into
place
Skills development

99. Collec8ons
grid
high low
lowhigh
stewardship
uniquenessBooks
Journals
Newspapers
Gov. docs
CD, DVD
Maps
Scores
Special
collections
Rare books
Local/Historical
newspapers
Local history materials
Archives & Manuscripts,
Theses & dissertations
Research, learning and
administrative
materials,
•ePrints/tech reports
•Learning objects
•Courseware
•E-portfolios
•Research data
•Institutional records
•Reports, newsletters, etc
Freely-accessible web
resources
Open source software
Newsgroup archives
hp://www.slideshare.net/lisld/collec8ons-­‐grid

100. Librarians’
competencies
profile
for
RDM
Key
roles
• Providing
access
to
data
–Iden8fica8on
of
data
sets;
discovery
and
analy8c
tools;
advice
on
informa8cs
• Advocacy
and
support
for
managing
data
–Policy
development;
ar8cula8ng
benefits;
promo8ng
data
sharing
and
reuse;
educa8on
and
training;
data
audits
• Managing
data
collec8ons
–Preparing
for
data
deposit;
appraisal;
selec8on;
inges8on;
cura8on;
preserva8on;
storage
and
backup
Based on ARL draft distributed at CNI conference, St Louis, April 2014

101. Librarians’
competencies
profile
for
RDM
Core
competencies
• Providing
access
to
data
–Data
centres
and
repositories;
organiza8on
and
structure
of
data;
licensing
and
IP;
manipula8on
and
analysis
• Advocacy
and
support
for
managing
data
–Research
funder
mandates;
DMP;
research
workflows;
disciplinary
norms;
journal
requirements;
data
audit
and
assessment
tools
• Managing
data
collec8ons
–Metadata;
discovery
tools
and
indexing;
database
design;
data
linking;
forensic
procedures
in
data
cura8on

102. LIS2975
@
Pi
iSchool
• The
Data
Landscape
• Universi8es
and
Data
• Data
Requirements
and
Capability
• RDM
Roadmaps,
Strategy
and
Planning
• Data
Management
Plans
• Disciplinary
Data
1
• Legal
and
Ethical
Data
Issues
• Disciplinary
Data
2
• Data
Centres
• Data
Advocacy,
Skills
and
Training
• Data
Sustainability
and
Cost

103. 103

104. 104

105. Pu6ng
it
into
place
The Australian model

107. Research
infrastructure
Teaching
and
Learning
Services
Social
Sciences
and
Humani8es
Life
Sciences
Engineering
and
Applied
Science
107

108. Research
Infrastructure
• Ins8tu8onal
repository
• Research
data
catalogue
• Research
publica8ons
repor8ng
and
evalua8on
• Digi8sa8on

109. Early
progress
• Lead
ins8tu8on
in
APSR
• Development
of
eSpace
• ANDS
at
UQ
• Seminars
and
workshops
from
2007
onwards
• Partnering
with
eScience
and
HPC
ins8tutes
• Strong
involvement
across
all
disciplines

111. Service model
• Data management interview and planning
• Consultancy
• Legal advice
• Pointers to other resources - eg for storage
• Data description and publication
• Long-term preservation
• Feeds to Research Data Australia

114. 114

116. Pu6ng
it
into
place
Emerging services at CMU

117. CMU
Faculty
Senate
• WHEREAS
• Researchers
in
all
disciplines
are
faced
with
a
range
of
data
management
needs
as
research
becomes
more
collabora8ve,
data-­‐intensive,
and
computa8onal,
• And
the
Office
of
Science
and
Technology
Policy
direc8ve
issued
February
22,
2013,
requires
federal
agencies
that
fund
research
to
mandate
public
access
and
re-­‐use
rights
to
peer-­‐reviewed
publica8ons
and
digital
data
arising
from
that
funding,
• And
the
federal
Open
Data
Policy
issued
May
9,
2013,
s8pulates
the
requirements
for
sharing
and
enabling
re-­‐use
of
digital
data,
• And
data
sharing
and
re-­‐use
increase
the
accountability,
verifica8on,
impact,
and
return
on
investment
in
research,
• And
technical
exper8se
and
support
services
are
required
to
meet
researcher
needs,
funding
impera8ves,
and
public
policy
goals,
• And
an
ins8tu8onal
commitment
to
effec8ve
data
management
is
required
for
faculty
to
par8cipate

118. THEREFORE
BE
IT
RESOLVED
THAT
CARNEGIE
MELLON
UNIVERSITY
• Charge
the
University
Libraries,
Office
of
Sponsored
Programs,
Office
of
Research
Integrity
and
Compliance,
and
Compu8ng
Services
to
collaborate
and
provide
the
community
with
core
services
and
tools
for
managing
data
throughout
the
data
life
cycle.
• Promote
these
services
and
tools
and
encourage
faculty
to
use
them
to
manage
and
share
their
data.
• Study
means
by
which
faculty
can
par8cipate
effec8vely.
• Establish
incen8ves
and
community
norms
for
effec8ve
data
management
and
sharing.
• Provide
ongoing
financial
support
to
the
units
providing
services
and
tools,
including
support
for
the
infrastructure,
personnel,
educa8on
and
training
needed
to
sustain
long-­‐term
data
management
and
cura8on.
• Develop
a
research
data
management
policy,
establishing
the
University’s
commitment
to
long
term
data
management,
and
aligned
with
federal
agency
requirements
and
open
data
ini8a8ves.
This
policy
and
progress
towards
its
implementa8on
will
be
posted
on
relevant
web
pages.

119. A.
Research
Data
must
be
created,
maintained,
protected,
and
shared
in
accordance
with
contractual,
legisla8ve,
regulatory,
ethical
and
other
relevant
requirements.
B.
Where
permied,
management
and
sharing
of
Research
Data
should
be
supported
through
the
alloca8on
of
the
funding
that
supported
the
research.
C.
Rights
assigned
to
Research
Data
should
not
unnecessarily
restrict
its
management,
sharing,
or
reuse.
D.
A
Data
Management
Plan
(DMP)
should
be
documented
for
all
research
projects
that
will
produce
Research
Data,
with
excep8ons
noted.
E.
Following
comple8on
of
a
research
project,
the
Research
Data
to
be
shared
should
be
deposited
in
one
or
more
Trusted
Data
Repositories
for
access
and
preserva8on.
F.
Research
Data
shared
by
University
Researchers
should
be
registered
with
the
University
Libraries,
regardless
of
whether
access
to
the
Data
is
hosted
by
the
University
or
a
third
party.
G.
Shared
Research
Data
should
be
made
available
for
access
and
reuse
in
a
8mely
manner,
in
compliance
with
funding
or
other
requirements.
H.
Shared
Research
Data
should
be
curated
and
preserved
in
sufficient
detail
for
the
full
Period
of
Reten8on,
in
conformance
with
this
Policy
or
with
legisla8ve,
regulatory,
or
contractual
obliga8ons.
I.
Shared
Research
Data
produced
or
used
during
research
should
be
cited
in
all
research
outputs
following
accepted
or
emerging
data
cita8on
prac8ces.
119

121. Core SteeringSupport Collaboration

122. 122

124. Our
professional
future
The genealogy of the
contemporary research
library
The risk of invisibility
The emergence of open
science
Our core professional
skills
An overview of data
management
The policy context
Data management
activities
The
UQ
experience
DM service philosophy
Partnerships
Skills development
The Australian model
Emerging services at CMU
Pu6ng
it
into
prac8ce
The
data
management
impera8ve

126. uqkeithw
Keith Webster
k.webster@library.uq.edu.au
kgw@cmu.edu
cmkeithw
Keith Webster