Wheat is the third most produced cereal grain after maize and rice. It originated in the Fertile Crescent and provides nourishment to populations around the world. The wheat kernel contains the husk, endosperm, bran, and germ. Wheat can be classified as whole grain, refined grain, or enriched grain depending on whether the bran and germ are removed during processing and nutrients added back. Other common grains include barley, oats, rye, and less common grains such as quinoa, kamut, amaranth, and buckwheat.

1. Grains,
Pasta, Rice

2. Wheat
• Definition: single, hard seed
• Most common grains
– Wheat
– Corn
– Rice

3. Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain of the Triticum species.
It’s the third most-produced cereal after maize
and rice.
Cultivation of wheat began to spread beyond
the Fertile Crescent after about 8000 BCE.
It provides nourishment for a wide part of the
population in 43 countries.

4. Wheat cultivation world map

5. Wheat cultivation
Early stage

6. Wheat cultivation
One month before harvest

7. Wheat cultivation
Harvest

8. The parts of the wheat
kernel are the husk,
endosperm, bran, and
germ.

9. Kernel of Wheat

10. Different types of wheat grain
• Whole Grains: Made from
entire kernel including
bran, germ, endosperm.

11. Different types of wheat grain
• Whole Grains products

12. Different types of wheat grain
• Refined grains: Milled so
germ and bran are
removed.

13. Different types of wheat grain
• Refined grains products

14. Different types of wheat grain
• Enriched: Adding nutrients lost
during the processing of the
grain back into the finished
product ex. White flour.

15. Whole grain vs refined grain

16. Buckwheat
Despite the name, buckwheat is not related to
wheat, as it is not a grass. Instead, buckwheat is
related to sorrel and rhubarb. It is referred to as a
pseudocereal.

17. Pasta
Have a look at the different kinds of pasta and
describe them.
Which ones have you tried?

18. Recipe!
Our chef’s today proposal…

19. Recipe!
Watch the video!
http://www.bbcgoodfood.c
om/videos/techniques/how
-make-bread

20. Recipe!
Now think of a recipe with wheat that is
typical in your country!

21. Other Grains
• Barley
• Oats
• Rye
• Quinoa
• Kamut
• Amaranth
• Buckwheat

22. Barley
• Barley contains all eight
amino acids
• According to a recent
study, eating whole grain
barley can regulate blood
sugar for up to 10 hours
after consumption
Oats
•Oats contain more soluble fiber
than any other grain, resulting in
slower digestion and an
extended sensation of fullness
•Oats soluble fiber lower bad
cholesterol therefore decreasing
your risks of heart disease.
Less Popular Grains

23. Less Popular Grains
Rye
• Commonly made into
flour for rye bread
• Triticale: hybrid grain
that is a cross
between wheat and
rye

24. Uncommon Grains
Quinoa
• Seeds that are covered in
bitterness preventing insect/bird
damage
• High protein content (12-18%);
complete protein (balanced set of
amino acids)
Kamut
•Larger seed size in
comparison to wheat
•Contains 30-40% more
protein than wheat

25. Uncommon Grains
Amaranth
• have a 30% higher
protein value than other
cereals, such as rice,
wheat flour, oats, and rye
• Contains a complete
protein and a high
amount of manganese
Buckwheat
• contains no gluten;
• is not related to wheat
– Kasha: roasted
buckwheat that’s
ground or cracked