3. The Learning Process
Perceiving
Input (often called
cues)
Learner perceives
or develops and
idea of what has to
Feedback be done Deciding
External or internal Processing in the
Coach important here brain
Asked to practice further, How do we put the
∴cycle starts again.
info into a response
Acting
Output
Move or movement
4. Characteristics of the
Learner
Individual differences can affect
how quickly, or if at all, a person
learns a skill.
5. Characteristics of the Learner
Hereditary
Fast twitch fibres and slow twitch fibres
- if more fast more capable in fast, explosive events; faster
reaction time.
- if more slow more capable in endurance events.
Somatotype
- endomorph, ectomorph, mesomorph
Gender
- testosterone more strength & power
- females more flexible
Height
- Biomechanical advantages in some skills e.g. rowing, high jump.
Conceptual ability
- Visualising ability
6. Characteristics of the Learner
Personality
Characteristic way of behaving e.g. consistency,
reliability, motivation, ability to express feelings,
aggression, risk taking.
Problem solving & decision-making
Confidence – belief in one’s own ability, crucial
to improvements in skill acquisition
7. Characteristics of the Learner
Prior Experience
Movements previously learnt that can be
transferred to learning the new skill e.g.
squash & tennis, cricket & golf.
8. Characteristics of the Learner
Ability
As an inherited, relatively enduring, stable trait of an
individual that underlies or supports various kinds of
motor and cognitive activities.
May allow a person to be good at an activity despite no
previous practice or experience.
For example:
- arm-hand steadiness
- spatial orientation
- reaction time
- mechanical aptitude (using bats & racquets)
- movement speed
9. Characteristics of the Learner
Confidence
Can be influenced by learning and successful
previous experiences in the situation in which
the learner is placed.
Ensuring that the learner experiences success
particularly early in the learning process is an
important strategy in all teaching and coaching.
This can be achieved by modifying the task and
the learning environment and setting realistic
goals for learners.
10. Characteristics of the Learner
Confidence
Can be influenced by learning and successful
previous experiences in the situation in which
the learner is placed.
Ensuring that the learner experiences success
particularly early in the learning process is an
important strategy in all teaching and coaching.
This can be achieved by modifying the task and
the learning environment and setting realistic
goals for learners.