14. Dialectic
the process whereby opposite
views or forces come into
conďŹict, which eventually
leads to the overcoming or
reconciliation of the opposition
in a new and presumably
higher form
15. The Master-Slave Dialectic
⢠The master becomes master by physically
conquering another, whom he then
enslaves.
⢠Seeing oneself through the eyes of the
Other.
⢠The master and slave are engaged in a
symbiotic relationship.
⢠The master and slave are engaged in a
conďŹictual relationship.
⢠The true relationship revealed through
resistance.
⢠A Happy ConclusionâŚ
27. Marxâs Materialist Conception of Society
(Ball and Dagger, âSocialism and Communism: More to Marxâ)
IDEOLOGICAL
SUPERSTRUCTURE
IDEAS, IDEALS,
BELIEFS
(Morality, Law,
Religion, Etc.)
SOCIAL RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION
BASE
MATERIAL FORCES OF PRODUCTION
(âProductive Forcesâ)
29. âReligious distress is at the
same time the expression of
real distress and the protest
against real distress. Religion
is the sigh of the oppressed
creature, the heart of a
heartless world, just as it is the
spirit of a spiritless situation. It
is the opiate of the peopleâŚ
30. âThe abolition of religion as
the illusory happiness of the
people is required for their real
happiness. The demand to
give up the illusions about its
condition is the demand to
give up a condition that needs
illusionsâŚ
31. The criticism of religion is
therefore in embryo the
criticism of the vale of woe, the
halo of which is religion.
Criticism has plucked the
imaginary ďŹowers from the
chain, not so that man will wear
the chain without any fantasy
or consolationâŚ
32. âŚbut so that he will shake off
the chain and cull the living
ďŹower.
Karl Marx
Contribution to the Critique of Hegelâs
Philosophy of Right.
37. 1. Merchant capitalists
hastened the demise of
feudalism
2. Capitalism has made men
masters over nature
3. Capitalism requires
constant innovation and
change
42. 4 ways in which workers are
alienated under capitalism:
1. They are alienated from the product of their labor
because they are forced to sell their labor and do not
own what they produce.
2. They are alienated from the activity of production
itself because the capitalist system of mass
production kills the creative spirit, leaving workers
unable to ďŹnd satisfaction in their labor.
3. Workers are alienated from their unique and
distinctively human nature and potential,
particularly the power to create and enjoy beauty, by
the dulling effect of living in a capitalist society.
4. Capitalism alienates workers from each other
because it forces them to compete of jobs and wages.
46. Bourgeois-Proletariat
Dialectic
â˘The Worker is enslaved by the
Capitalist, though at ďŹrst, he or she
does not know it
â˘The Worker wakes from a âFalse
Consciousnessâ
â˘The Dialectic turnsâŚ
â˘Establishing the classless society
47.
48. Bourgeois-Proletariat
Dialectic
â˘The Worker is enslaved by the
Capitalist, though at ďŹrst, he or she
does not know it
â˘The Worker wakes from a âFalse
Consciousnessâ
â˘The Dialectic turnsâŚ
â˘Establishing the classless society
49. Bourgeois-Proletariat
Dialectic
â˘The Worker is enslaved by the
Capitalist, though at ďŹrst, he or she
does not know it
â˘The Worker wakes from a âFalse
Consciousnessâ
â˘The Dialectic turnsâŚ
â˘Establishing the classless society
50. Bourgeois-Proletariat
Dialectic
â˘The Worker is enslaved by the
Capitalist, though at ďŹrst, he or she
does not know it
â˘The Worker wakes from a âFalse
Consciousnessâ
â˘The Dialectic turnsâŚ
â˘Establishing the classless society
51. The Revolutionary Sequence
COMMUNISM
WITHERING AWAY OF
THE STATE
DICTATORSHIP OF THE
PROLETARIAT
SEIZURE OF STATE
POWER
REVOLUTIONARY
CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS
IMMISERATION OF
THE PROLETARIAT
ECONOMIC CRISES
52. The Marxist View of Freedom
(Ball and Dagger, âSocialism and Communism: More to Marxâ)
OBSTACLE:
Class divisions,
economic
inequalities,
unequal life
chances, âFalse
Consciousnessquot;
AGENT: GOAL:
Common/ Working FulďŹllment of
People; human potential
The proletariat and needs
61. Four Conclusions:
1. ConďŹrmed his suspicions and hatred of the
ârevisionistâ Marxists who proposed gradual
change by working through parties within the
current system.
2. Members of the working-class in the West have
been infected with a âtrade union mentality,â in
effect becoming âbourgeoisieâ themselves, and
unreliable for bringing the Marxian revolution.
3. The (Vanguard) Party plays the indispensable
role of raising the consciousness of the working
class.
4. The revolution will come FIRST to those areas
most immiserated and led by an active
vanguard party.
65. Mao proposed to rely on the Chinese
agrarian peasantry for 2 reasons:
1. Poor peasant farmers were an
overwhelming majority of the Chinese
population, and if organized and mobilized,
would provide an almost irresistible force.
2. They were the poorest and most oppressed
segment of the population. They had
nothing to lose but everything to gain from
revolution against their oppressors.