US Undersea Warfare Science & Technology Objectives and US Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUV) Overview The Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport provides research, development, test and evaluation, engineering, analysis and assessment, as well as Fleet support capabilities for submarines, autonomous underwater systems, and offensive and defensive undersea weapon systems, and stewards existing and emerging technologies in support of undersea warfare. •Power and Energy Science and Technology Objectives: 1.Develop safe reliable, affordable and high efficiency energy management, generation, transfer, shipment, deployment, and storage for undersea platforms; 2.Develop safe, reliable, affordable and efficient high pulse power management, generation, transfer and employment; 3.Develop the capability to reliably and safely harvest, obtain, store and transfer energy to undersea assets; 4.Develop capability to reliably characterize the failure effects and modes of power and energy sources.

1. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
U.S. Undersea Warfare
Science and Technology Objectives
and
U.S. UUV Overview
Dr. Vittorio Ricci
Chief Technology Office
Naval Undersea Warfare Center
FR – U.S. SNNR Meeting
October 2016

2. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Briefing Outline
A short NUWC overview
USN Undersea Warfare Science and
Technology Objectives (STOs)
UUVs as Technology Challenge
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3. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
NUWC Mission and Vision
Mission
Vision
The Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport provides research, development,
test and evaluation, engineering, analysis and assessment, as well as Fleet support
capabilities for submarines, autonomous underwater systems, and offensive and defensive
undersea weapon
systems, and stewards
existing and emerging
technologies in support of
undersea warfare.
Fleet undersea
superiority –
today and tomorrow
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4. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Division Newport Providing Expertise
in Submarine Technology
Submarine Unmanned
Aircraft Systems
Periscopes, Imaging Systems, & Antennas
Sail
Arrays
Sonar Room
Tomahawk
Integration
Launchers
Spherical
Array
UUVs
Torpedoes Launchers
Hull Arrays
Towed Arrays
Countermeasures
Towed Array
Handlers
Combat Control
Systems
Fire Control SystemsAcoustic Transducers & Windows
Exterior Comms Electronic Warfare
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5. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Surface Ship USW Offensive and Defensive Systems
Off-board and Distributed USW Systems
Sonar Processing
Torpedoes
Towed Arrays
And Transmitters
Countermeasures
Towed Array
Handlers
Sonar
USW Modules for Unmanned
Surface Vehicles
Torpedo Tubes
Littoral
Combat Ship
Mission
Modules
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6. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
• On Demand System Upgrades
• Adaptive Task Management
• Automated Tactical Agents
• Flexible Payload Support
• Distributed Sensing for
Missions from Under the Sea
• Multifunction masts combining
communications, EW, and Imaging
• Stealthy communications
to support interoperability
• Multi-Phenomenology
Sensor Field
• Coatings: Biofouling &
Anti-Corrosion
• Undersea Autonomous
Influence Convergence
• Autonomy
• Long Endurance Power Sys.
• Multi-Vehicle Collaboration
• Biomimetic Vehicles
• Modular masts
• Multi-spectral imaging
• Panoramic imaging and display
• Advanced Human Machine
Interface
• Transformational Weapons Integration
to expand mission portfolio and use
available volume most efficiently
• Indiscriminate Target Tracking
• Adaptive Signal Processing
& Sensors
• Distributed & Autonomous
Sensors
Platform Defense
Division Newport
Contributing to the U.S. Navy After Next
 Own the Best
 Grow longer arms
 Beat the adversary's "system"
 Protect our Strategic Assets and Threaten Theirs
 Get on the same page
 Get faster
 Be the Best*
• Shorten kill chain
• Adaptive Systems and Technologies
to Outpace the Threat
• Virtual Environment for M&S
and Training
• Evolving National Maritime and
Naval Strategies
• Design for USW
– Resource constrained environment
– Rapidly evolving threat capabilities
• Wargames
• Innovation Events
* Commander's Intent for the United Stated Submarine Force and Supporting Organizations" - December 2015
Theater Based Undersea
Warfare Capabilities Sensors & Sonar Platform & Payload
Integration Communications USW Imaging
USW Combat Systems
Ranges USW Weapons &
Autonomous Vehicles Electronic Warfare
Undersea
Warfare Analysis
Cooperative Force
Torpedo Defense
Undersea Distributed
Networked Systems
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7. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
U.S. Undersea Warfare
Science and Technology
Objectives*
* Reference: Undersea Warfare Science and Technology Objectives, USW CTO Dated Sept 2016
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8. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
USW STO Overview
• STOs describe how the USN’s USW S&T priorities are
established
• STOs facilitate the alignment and prioritization of USN S&T
investments with USW technologies and capability
requirements
• STOs centralize S&T investment to support and enable:
– the USN USW Strategic S&T Focus Areas
– U.S. Commander, Submarine Force’s
• Four Lines of Effort (Commander’s Intent)
• Dominance Goals
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for Public Release.
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9. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
STOs Support and Enable
• Provide Ready Forces
• Maximize Employment Effectiveness
• Develop Future Force Capabilities
• Empower People;
The Foundation of our Strength
• Assure Access to Maritime Battlespace
• Autonomy and Unmanned Systems
• Undersea Maneuver Warfare
• Expeditionary and Irregular Warfare
• Information Dominance
• Own the Best
• Beat the Adversary’s Systems
• Grow Longer Arms
• Protect Our Strategic Assets, Threaten Theirs
• Be the Best
• Get on the Same Page
• Get Faster
USN USW S&T Focus Areas
COMSUBFOR Dominance GoalsCOMSUBFOR Commander’s Intent
• Platform Design and Survivability
• Power and Energy
• Strike and Integrated Defence
• Warfighter Performance
• Undersea Precision Navigation and Timing
USN Direction
USN Investments
Execute
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10. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
STOs & Lines of Effort
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11. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
STOs &USW Dominance Goals
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12. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Example: USW S&T Focus Areas
- Power and Energy -
• Power and Energy Science and Technology Objectives:
1. Develop safe reliable, affordable and high efficiency energy management,
generation, transfer, shipment, deployment, and storage for undersea
platforms;
2. Develop safe, reliable, affordable and efficient high pulse power
management, generation, transfer and employment;
3. Develop the capability to reliably and safely harvest, obtain, store and
transfer energy to undersea assets;
4. Develop capability to reliably characterize the failure effects and modes of
power and energy sources.
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13. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
UUV Technical Challenges
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14. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Unmanned Systems
and Guidance
• Increase capabilities and performance
• Provide the new capabilities rapidly
• Produce affordable systems
These needs create challenges and opportunities for Unmanned Undersea
Vehicle technology development
Plans provide a broad list of
application areas, capabilities and
technologies are defined; enabling
focus for technology developments
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15. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Unmanned Systems
Development
• Unmanned Systems Integrated Roadmap
– “articulates vision and strategy for … unmanned systems
and technology…”
– “technological vision for next 25 years”
• Innovation for unmanned and undersea systems is
providing important technologies that will more
rapidly enable additional capabilities and new
missions for unmanned systems
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16. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
UUV Plan
• Four general vehicle classes:
– Man Portable (approximately 25 to 100+ lbs displacement)
– Light Weight (approximately 500 lbs displacement)
– Heavy Weight (approximately 3000 lbs displacement)
– Large (approximately 20,000 lbs displacement)
• Develop UUV Standards and Modularity
• Invest in critical technologies:
– Autonomy
– Energy and propulsion
– Sensors and sensor processing
– Communications/navigation
– Engagement/intervention
• Increase experimentation with UUV technologies
• Introduce UUV systems into the fleet quickly
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17. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
UUV Challenges
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UUV
• Basic autonomy
• Short Endurance Reliability
• Ocean sensing/change detect
• Single mission, slow speed
Today
Platform
• Auxiliaries
• Recover, reuse
Operations & Environment
• Basic Operations
• Benign Environments
Future End-State
UUV
• Full autonomy
• Long Endurance Reliability
• Warfighting – i.e. ISR & ASW
• Multi-mission, weapons capable
Platform
• Warships, ships and submarines
• Recover, reconfigure, reuse
Operations & Environment
• Advanced Operations
• Challenging Environments
• Energy/Endurance
• Sensors
• C3/Data Exfil
• Autonomy
• Contact Avoidance/Survivability
• Launch & Recovery
Advanced OPS in
Challenging Environments
Technical Challenges
Operational Challenges
Basic OPS in Benign
Environments
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18. Way Ahead – UUV example
• Future UUS
• System of
unmanned systems
• Undersea
Constellation
Nodes
Next Generation
Modularity
Commonality
Near Term Future
Today’s Technology
Tomorrow’s
Capabilities
Concept
Development/
Concept
Generation
Open
Architecture
and Standard
Interfaces
Fleet Experimentation
Lab & Industry
Vehicles
• REMUS 100, 600
• LTV48
• 21 UUV
• MARV
• RAZOR
• Marlin
• Echo Ranger
• Proteus
Navy
Systems
• REMUS 100, 600, 6000
• LBS Gliders/AUV
• Mk 18 Mods 1/2
• P1319
• Bluefin 9, 12, 21
• Knifefish
• Iver
• LTV38
• LDUUV INP
Today’s Vehicles
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19. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
UUV Energy System Options
• Batteries
• Fuel Cells
• Heat Engines
• Thermoelectric
• Hybrid systems
• Semi Cells
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20. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
UUV Energy System
Challenges
• Safe operation and storage
• Minimize dependence on
external air
• High reliability
• Quick turn on and shut down
• Neutral buoyancy
• Minimize noise and
discharges
• Refueling needs to be safe
and quick
• Clean/Green
• Allow varying position/
placement under both
operational and storage
conditions
• Minimize cost to purchase
and maintain
• Efficient operation
• Scalable
• Minimize or eliminate hull
penetrations
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21. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Extending Duration and
Persistence
• Obtain energy from ocean surface or water column
• Rapid deployment
– i.e., deployment from surface vehicle or air vehicle
• In situ energy system refuel/recharge
• Docking UUVs
• Transferring power wirelessly from an underwater docking
station to a UUV
• Snorkeling
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22. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Energy & Payload
• Lithium Ion Battery Pack
Delivered to NUWC for
Evaluation
– 2.4X Lead Acid Energy Expected
for MARV (20Hrs vs 8Hrs)
– In Water Testing since 2005
– Weight and Length Reduction
• 155lbs and 24” less
Energy & Endurance
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23. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Past 21UUV Vehicle Payload
Demonstrations
Vision Based Navigation Configuration
Advanced Torpedo Acoustics
AN/BLQ-11 Propulsor Characterization
Integrated Motor Propulsor Demonstrations
Advanced FLS Demonstrations
ISR & Advanced Autonomy Demo’s
Obstacle Avoidance Forward Look Sonar
Side Scan Sonar Demonstrations
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24. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
NUWC Newport AUV Capabilities
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AUTONOMY
CONTROLLER
•Maintain Situation
Awareness (SA)
•Plan/ Replan/ Optimize
•Monitor sortie plan
•Preserve high level
system safety
Programming and Control System
(Collocated Authorized Client)
PAYLOAD
CONTROLLER
•Execute PL plan *
•Control PL elements
•Monitor PL status
•Monitor/report PL PMFM
•Track (SA) processing *
Low Level Hardware Safeties
Vehicle Subsystem Payload (PL) Subsystem
PAYLOAD
ELEMENTS
•Sensors
•Recording *
•Actuators *
Local Comms
UUV System Control Authority
Or Payload Data End User
(Remote Authorized Client)
Remote Comms
Local Comms
PL commands, PL
nav data
PL status, PL
PMFM, sensor data,
maneuver / comms
request
Vehicle status,
Nav data, Vehicle
PMFL, Vehicle
sensor data, Comms
data
Vehicle
commands,
Comms data
PL element
commands
PL element
status, PL
sensor data
VEHICLE
CONTROLLER
•Control Vehicle elements
•Preserve UUV safety
•Monitor vehicle status
•Monitor/report PMFL
•Relay comms data
Vehicle
element
commands,
Comms data
Vehicle element
status, Vehicle
sensor data,
Comms data
Alternate Remote Comms
Standard Communications paths
Optional Communications paths
VEHICLE
ELEMENTS
•Energy
•Propulsion
•Navigation
•Sensors
•Comm
•Recording
•Pingers
•Actuators
UUV System * If applicable
Structural & CFD Analysis
Autonomous Architecture
Navigational Technologies
Energy Alternatives
Shock & Vib Analysis
Novel Designs
System Integrations
Acoustic Test Facility
Anechoic Chamber
Fleet SIM Exercises
EMI Testing
HWIL Testing
At Sea OperationsShipping & Handling
Wind & Water Tunnels
Sub Launch Tubes
Battery Charging
FACILITIES ENGINEERING
FLEET INTEGRATION
AUV Division Lab Range Support Inner Range Outer Range
SHORE FACILITY
NUWC Newport, RI
System TEMPALTS
Mission CONOP Support - Acquisition Support - Sensor & Communications Development
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25. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. (23 Sept 2016).
Recommendations
• Within 4 months, schedule a follow-up meeting comprised of
Research and Development Leadership to identify USW areas
for further technical discussions
• Draft the appropriate administrative documents
• Each side identify one Organization as the “Forcing Functions”
to ensure progress on both sides
• Within one year, demonstrate to SNNRs progress on technical
exchange
– specific end-goal of identifying and on the way to executing joint
cooperative work
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