Conversational Analysis

1. GROUP 3 :
CHARANJIT KAUR A/P DARA SINGH
YUTRA A/P R. SIVAJI
YONG YAP CHAIN
ESEM5374 : DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
TOPIC :
CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS
- WHAT IS CA?
- HOW CA IS CONDUCTED?

2. Conversational Analysis (CA) –
Brief History
originated in the field of sociology and
ethnomethodology
developed from work carried out by sociologist
Harvey Sacks, and his partners Gail Jefferson and
Emanuel Schegloff in the early 1960s and early
1970s at the University of California
argues that conversation has its own
dynamic structure and rules
(Sacks, Jefferson, Schegloff
– 1974)

3. an approach to the studying of
spoken language by examining the
interactions between people as they
communicate – verbal and non-
verbal conduct.
Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Introduction
focuses on the actual conversation
between two or more people, rather
than the broader context of a
conversation - organization of

4. This method of analysis has been used
by linguists (study of languages),
sociologists (study human behaviour,
interaction and organization),
psychologists (study of people
behaviour, feelings and thoughts) and
anthropologists (study of human
behaviour) to examine how people use
Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Introduction

5. Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Aspects
Opening and
Closing
Adjacency Pairs
Topic
Management
Preference
Organization
Feedback
Repair

6. Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Aspects
Opening and Closing – begin and end / open and close a
conversation
Adjacency Pairs – a pair of conversational turn by two
different speakers.
Topic Management – effort to maintain the topic so it
won’t change easily before another speaker follows the
previous topic.
Turn-Taking – giving chance to speak for speakers to

7. Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Aspects
Preference Organization - giving freedom in responding to
some first pair
part / some second pair parts (liked or disliked)
Feedback – how the listener responds to what is talked about
by the speaker – can be
verbally or non-verbally (signal response)
Repair – correction of what has been said by the speaker
about the previous statement mentioned during the
conversation.
a. Self repair – done by speakers on what has been said

8. Certain features of the conversation
involves in CA :
the structure of the conversation,
the topics discussed,
the types of language used, and
the types of contributions made by
Conversational Analysis (CA) -
Features

9. Certain features of the conversation involves
in CA :
particular social context of the
conversation, -
the gender, age, and background of the
participants.
particular attention given to everyday
Conversational Analysis (CA)
- Features

10. Method :
identifying the features of the
conversation as it occurs
(between multiple participants who make
sense of each
other).
analyzing the conversations to identify
How Conversational Analysis (CA)
is conducted?

11. Method :
transcribing the conversation in
detail,
creating a written record of the
conversation
coding the conversation -
How Conversational Analysis (CA)
is conducted?

12. Method :
in the form of video of or audio-recorded
conversation or other
recording devices.
data collected with or without researchers'
involvement, typically
in the space where the conversation takes place
- e.g. a living
How Conversational Analysis (CA)
is conducted?

13. This allows analyst to :
look for recurring patterns and trends of the
interaction.
use the analysis to draw conclusions about
the conversation
and its participants.
How Conversational Analysis (CA)
is conducted?
identify regularities, rules or models to describe
these patterns, enhancing, modifying or
replacing initial hypotheses.

14. Transcription Method :
contains additional information about nonverbal
communication and
the way people say things.
Jeffersonian-style transcription is commonly
used (by Gail
Jefferson).
Mondadan (by Lorenza Mondada) method used
How Conversational Analysis (CA)
is conducted?