How a project is planned and executed structurally

1. Project
Planning and
Project Work
Plan

2. Project
process
A process is a series of actions bringing
about a result
Project
management
processes
Describing and
organizing the work
of the project
Product-
oriented
processes
Specifying and
creating the project
product

3. What is
planning?
Planning is the process of stating
objectives and then determining the
most effective activities or
accomplishments necessary to reach
the objectives

4. Who makes the
plans?
Everybody must plan
Project manager initiates
the
planning process
Project manager
coordinates planning
activities into the overall

5. Characteristics of a project
planner
Flexible Creative Responsive
Communicativ
e
Analytic

6. Planning
process
Devising and
maintaining a
workable scheme to
accomplish the
business need that
the project was
undertaken to
address

7. Project integration
management

8. Project integration
management
This involves
coordinating all of the
other project
management
knowledge areas
throughout the project’s
life cycle. This
integration ensures that
all the elements of a
project come together
at the right times to
complete a project
successfully.

9. Project integration
management
Project
Integration
Management
Project
plan
developme
nt
Project
plan
executio
n
Overall
change
control

10. Project integration
management
Initiatin
g
Plannin
g
Executin
g
Monitoring
&
Controlling
Closin
g
Develop project charter
Develop primary project scope
statement
 Develop project management
plan
Direct and manage
project execution
Monitor and control
project work
Integrate change control
Close
project

11. Core
processes

12. Facilitating
processes

13. Planning
process
Core processes
• Scope planning
• Scope definition
• Activity definition
• Activity sequencing
• Activity duration estimating
• Schedule development
• Resource planning
• Cost estimating
• Cost budgeting
• Project plan development
Facilitating processes
• Quality planning
• Organizational planning
• Staff acquisition
• Communication planning
• Risk identification
• Risk quantification
• Risk response
development
• Procurement planning
• Solicitation planning

14. Core
processes
• Scope planning –
developing a written
scope statement as a
basis for future project
decisions
• Scope definition –
subdividing the major
project deliverables
into smaller and more
manageable

15. Core
processes
• Activity definition –
identifying the specific
activities that must be
performed to produce the
various project
deliverables
• Activity sequencing –
identifying and
documenting
interactivity

16. Core
processes
• Activity duration estimating –
estimating the number of
work period which will be
needed to complete
individual activities
• Schedule development –
analyzing activity
sequences, activity
durations and resource
requirements to create the

17. Core
processes
• Resource planning – determining
what resources and what
quantities
• Cost estimating – developing
an approximation of the
costs of the resources
• Cost budgeting –
allocating the overall
cost estimate to
individual work items

18. Core
processes
• Project plan
development –
taking the results
of other planning
processes and
putting them into
a consistent and
coherent
document

19. Facilitating
processes
• Quality planning –
identifying which quality
standards are relevant to
the project and
determining how to satisfy
them
• Organizational planning –
identifying, documenting and
assigning project roles,
responsibilities and reporting

20. Facilitating
processes
• Staff acquisition – getting the
human resources needed
assigned to and working on
the project
• Communication planning – determining
the information and communication
needs of the stakeholders;
who needs what information,
when will they need it, and
how it will be given to them

21. Facilitating
processes
• Risk identification – determining which risks
are likely to affect the project and
documenting the characteristics of each
• Risk quantification – evaluating risks and
risks interactions to assess the range of
possible project outcome
• Risk response development – defining
enhancement steps for opportunities
and responses to threat

22. Facilitating
processes
• Procurement planning – determining what
to procure and when
• Solicitation planning – documenting
product requirements and identifying
potential sources

23. Dimensions of project plan
development
Project
plan
developme
nt
Input
s
Tools
and
techniqu
es
Outpu
t
• Other
planning
outputs
• Historical
informatio
n
• Organization
al
• Project
planning
methodology
• Stakeholder
skills and
knowledge
• Project
manageme
• Project
plan
• Supportin
g detail

24. Inputs to project plan
development
• Other planning outputs –
includes all of the outputs
derived from the core and
facilitating processes as well
as the work breakdown
structure and supporting
details
• Historical information – includes all
available historical information to assist
in verifying assumptions and assessing

25. Inputs to project plan
development
• Organizational policies – formal and
informal policies that includes but are not
limited to:
– Quality management
– Personnel administration
– Financial controls
• Constraints – factors that will limit the
project management team’s options
• Assumptions – factors that are considered
as true, real or certain but involves risk

26. Tools and techniques for project
plan development
Project
planning
methodology
• Structured
approach
used to
guide the
project team
during
development
of the project
plan
Stakeholder
skills and
knowledg
e
• Tapping
stakeholder
s or other
professional
s for their
contribution
s in the
project
PMIS
• Gather,
integrate,
and
disseminate
inputs of the
other project
managemen
t projects

27. Project plan and project
planning
A formal, approved
documents used to guide
both project execution and
project control
The processes involved in
the development of a
project plan

28. Uses of project
plan  Guide project execution
 Document project
planning assumptions
 Document project
planning decisions
 Facilitate communication
 Define key management
reviews
 Provide a baseline for

29. Purpose of project
planning
Directin
g
Objective
s Goals
Special
influence
s
Constraints
on the
project
scope

30. Purpose of project
planning
Identifyin
g
Action
s
Risks
Responsibiliti
es

31. Purpose of project
planning
Guidin
g
Identificatio
n of
required
activities
Establishin
g
workable
procedure
s

32. Purpose of project
planning
Preparin
g
Flexibility
to adapt
to
changes
Retain the
qualities of
integrity
and
durability

33. Elements of a project
plan
Project
summary
An executive
summary that can
be easily absorbed
by high-level
executives within a
few minutes that
typically identifies:
– Objective
s
– Goals
– Constraint
s

34. Elements of a project
plan
Specificatio
ns
Work
Statement
Define the
characteristics and
the performance
goals for the final
end product
Tells the contractor
what is desired, or
what exactly the
contractor proposes

35. Elements of a project
plan
Interrelates all tasks
on a common time
scale including:
– Names of the tasks
and work packages
listed in the WBS
– Names of the persons
responsible for each
task
– Expected duration of
each
task
– Due date of each task
Master
Schedule

36. Elements of a project
plan
Covers the rules
and practices to
be observed
during the project
Provides the
project manager
with cost,
schedule and
performance
Procedures
Guide
Budgets and
Cost Control
System

37. Elements of a project
plan
Activity / Event
/ Network Plan
Materials and
Equipment Forecast
Representation of how
the project activities
and events progress
Includes procurement
and management of
materials and
equipment that starts
with the
documentation of what
materials and
equipments are

38. Elements of a project
plan
Indicates which
organizational units
and which key
personnel are
involved in the
process of
completing each
task of the project
Cross-Impact
Matrix

39. Elements of a project
plan
Project
Organizational Plan
• Indicates
breakdown of
major project
responsibilities
• Who is specifically
responsible for
each project
subsystem and
task
• Establish key

40. Elements of a project
plan
Management
Plan
It should describe how
management will
conduct and monitor
the project that
includes:
– Corporate
organizational charts
– Statements of
authority and
responsibility
– Information and
control systems
– Top management
plan of attack

41. Elements of a project
plan
This includes the
labor resource
requirements and
organization that will
establish key
responsibilities,
numbers and
qualifications
Project Plan
Personnel

42. Elements of a project
plan
Reporting and
Review Procedure
It includes an early
assessment of
required reports,
meetings,
presentations and
project documents to
determine those
contributing to the
overall or individual
activity performance

43. Other elements of a project
plan
• Financial plan
• Contingenc
y analysis
• Logistics
support plan
• Facilities
requirement
plan
• Market
intelligence plan
• Quality
assurance plan
• Configuration
management
plan
• Security plan
• Test plan
• Production plan
• Make or buy
plan

44. Reference
s:
Cleland, D. I., Ireland, L. P.(2007). Project
Management: Strategic Design and
Implementation (5th edition).
McGraw Hill.
Michael, S. B. (1980). Project Planning. In L. C.
Stuckenbruck (Ed.) The Implementation of Project
Management: The Professional Handbook. (pp. 95
– 117). Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
PMI Standards Committee (1987). A Guide to the
Project Management Body of Knowledge
(1996). Project Management Institute.
Schwalbe, K. (2007). Information Technology Project
Management (5th edition). Cengage Learning Asia,