Dr. Adriana Bus App designers came to me complaining of providers who only accept apps when they offer maximal interactivity. Downsides of this common standard may easily overrule the positive sides.

1. How Features of Multimodal
Stories Improve or Disturb
Children’s Learning
Consequences for Engineering Apps
Adriana G. Bus
Leiden University

3. 1c 1d
1e 1f 1g
1b
1a
Screenshots
from the animated
version
Static illustration
from print book

5. Static
No music or
sounds
Animated
No music or
sounds
Static
With music or
sounds
Animated
With music or
sounds

7. Bear is shy.
His cheeks have turned
red.

8. Bear is shy. Where
can you see that?

13. With hotspots Without hotspots No reading