Ch 11 Section 1

1. Bell Ringer 11-1
Identify the term that means government jobs went
to supporters of the winning party in an election.
Which document did President Cleveland sign in
1887?
What lowered federal revenue and transformed the
nation’s budget surplus into a budget deficit?

2. Stalemate in Washington

3. A Campaign to Clean Up Politics
Patronage
Prevented government from addressing nation’s issues
Movement for reform
Hayes
Attacked idea of patronage
Roscoe Conkling
 “Stalwart”

4. Republicans Angry
“Half-breeds”
1880 Election
James Garfield and Chester Arthur
Pendleton Act
Allowed the President to decide which
federal jobs would be filled according to
the rules of the Civil Service Commission
Shift began

5. Two Parties Neck and Neck
Republicans
 Support from former Union soldiers and other patriotic
Americans
Party of Reform
 Supported abolition, temperance, and other reforms
 “Party of morality”
Democrats
 “Party of personal liberty”
 Strong support by Catholics
1876  1896
 Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York
 Winning popular vote but losing election (1876 and 1888)

6. Democrats Reclaim the White House
Grover Cleveland (D)
James Blaine (R)
Former Speaker of the House
Popular among party workers
Caught up in Credit Mobilier Scandal
Many voters were concerned about corruption
Stopped supporting Blaine and turned to Cleveland
New York
Many Irish Americans lost
Lost pro temperance voters

8. Problems
Many strikes  workers attacked
 Haymarket Square
 Higher fixed costs with low operating costs on railroads
upset people
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
 Regulated interstate commerce
 Limited railroad rates
 Made it illegal to charge higher rates for shorter hauls
Tariffs
 High tariffs hurt farmers
 Cleveland proposed lower tariffs

9. Republicans Regain Power
Election of 1888
Benjamin Harrison (R)
Grover Cleveland (D)
Republicans gain control of Congress
McKinley Tariff
Cut tobacco taxes
Increased rates on textiles
Lowered federal revenue
Turned budget surplus into budge deficit
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act

10. Ch. 11 Journal #1
Analyze the following
Political Cartoon.
Please identify which
peace of legislation
the cartoon is
referring to and the
ironies of its’ message.