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140417 creative commons - esa presentation
- 1. OER & Creative Commons Education Services Australia Melbourne 17 April 2014 Delia Browne National Copyright Director National Copyright Unit www.smartcopying.edu.au
- 2. 2 Some copyright challenges • The current licence schemes and free use exceptions are expensive, restrictive and complicated: • Teachers are burdened with complex copying limits. • Teachers cannot modify, share or remix material except in very limited circumstances. • The material can only be made available to parents and the community in limited circumstances. • The school community pays over $80 million in licensing fees to copyright collecting societies every year for the use of copyright materials in schools.
- 3. 3 OER - Definition • Open Educational Resources (‘OER’) are a growing trend towards openness of teaching and learning materials. • OER are teaching and learning materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, whether you are a teacher, student or self learner. • OER include: worksheets, curriculum materials, lectures, homework assignments, quizzes, class activities, pedagogical materials, games and many more resources from around the world. See: www.oercommons.org
- 4. 4 OER: Fundamental Values •OER share some fundamental values: • Resources are free for any individual to use • Are licensed for unrestricted distribution • Possibility of adaptation, translation, re-mix, and improvement.
- 5. OER in a nutshell OER is about creating repositories of material which are free to: Access Use Modify Share 5
- 7. 7 OER and Creative Commons • Most OER resources use Creative Commons (CC) licences. • This is because CC licences are well known blanket licences that are free and easy to use. • A creator needs only to do one thing - select the type of licence they want from the CC website!
- 8. OER: How it all works What is CC? • CC creates a “some rights reserved” model. • The copyright owner retains copyright ownership in their work while inviting certain uses of their work by the public. • CC licences create choice and options for the copyright owner. 8
- 9. 9 There are 4 primary licence elements which are mixed to create a licence: Attribution – attribute the author Non-commercial – no commercial use No Derivative Works – no remixing ShareAlike – remix only if you let others remix See the CC information pack at: http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956 CC Primary Licence Elements
- 11. Licence Type Licence Conditions Attribution Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute to anyone provided the copyright owner is attributed. Attribution No Derivatives Freely use, copy and distribute to anyone but only in original form. The copyright owner must be attributed. Attribution Share Alike Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute provided the new work is licensed under the same terms as the original work. The copyright owner must be attributed. 11 CC Licences
- 12. CC Licences Licence Type Licence Conditions Attribution Non Commercial Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute for non- commercial purposes. The copyright owner must be attributed. Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives Freely use, copy and distribute verbatim copies of the original work for non-commercial purposes. The copyright owner must be attributed. Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Freely use, copy, adapt and distribute for non- commercial purposes provided the new work is licensed under the same terms as the original work. The copyright owner must be attributed. 12
- 13. CC Licence Chooser http://creativecommons.org/choose/ The licence chooser asks questions to determine which licence best suits your needs, and it then produces: • The correct licence; • The hyperlink to the correct licence summary information; • The HTML code to insert into websites to generate the licence, information and links. 13
- 14. Attributing CC material The new CC licences have ‘common-sense attribution’. Best practice is that you label materials with: • Title • Author/copyright owner, • Source – Link to work • Licence – Name + Link It is important to always check whether the creator has specified a particular attribution. Open Attribute (http://openattribute.com) is a tool to assist users of CC material to properly attribute. Once downloaded, it will attribution information for CC licensed content which users can copy and paste into their own work containing CC material. For further information on attributing CC material, see: http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956 14
- 15. Where should I place the attribution? • For text resources (eg books, worksheets, PowerPoint slides etc), include the attribution details next to CC work or as the footer along the bottom of the page on which the CC work appears. • For video works, include the attribution information near the work as it appears on screen during the video. • For sound recordings (eg podcasts), mention the name of the artist during the recording (like a radio announcement) and provide full attribution details in text near the podcast where it is being stored (eg blog, school intranet, learning management system etc). For further information on attributing CC material, see: http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/956 15
- 16. Example: Image licensed under CC Attribution licence 16 Eid Mubarak by Hamed Saber available at http://www.flickr.com/photos/44124425616@N01/1552383685 . This work is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
- 17. Example: video You have created a video about the History of X and can’t attribute all your sources in the video itself. Now you can simply include a link to a page that lists all the credits. 17
- 18. Example: textbooks You have assembled a textbook consisting of OER from various sources. Here’s what a credits page at the end of that textbook might look like. 18
- 20. Modifying a CC – licenced work Also, if you modify a CC-licensed work indicate that you did so along with your attribution. This makes it easier for downstream users (including you) to know it has changed from the original. 20
- 21. Example You use another teacher’s lesson plan but replace the classroom activity with your own. Simply note that you changed it so others will know the difference. Sample Attribution: • American History Lesson by John Doe used under a CC BY license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Activity in Section E changed from original. 21
- 22. Distinguishing between CC material and Third Party Material Material owned by ESA and licenced under CC: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Best practice to indicate somewhere (usually in your Copyright Statement or T&Cs) how you want to be attributed. Third Party Material licenced under CC: previous slides. 22
- 23. Distinguishing between CC material and Third Party Material Third Party Material not licenced under CC: If you have permission from the copyright owner to reproduce the material you should check with them how they would like to be attributed. If you publish material owned by someone else, you should always clearly indicate the source of the material in the footer of each page. When you incorporate works, such as illustrations, photographs or charts which are owned by someone else, into a resource, you should include the copyright information next to the actual work. Example attribution of Third Party Material: “Reproduced and made available for [whatever rights are given – eg educational purposes] with the permission of [insert copyright owner/attribution information].” 23
- 24. How to find OER General Search Photo/image Search Video Search Audio/Music Search General Education Search Specific Education Search Recorded Lectures & Video Tutorials Search Open Textbook Search Simulation and Animation Search 24
- 25. General search Creative Commons Google Open Tapestry 25
- 27. Google Advanced Search When searching the web for general information, you can filter so that the search results given are only free, openly licenced materials. To apply the filter you must first go into your advanced search settings, which are found in the settings tab on the right hand side of your search result. 27
- 28. 28
- 29. Google Advanced Search Once you get into your advanced settings, the usage rights filter is at the very bottom. 29
- 32. Photo/Image Search CC Search Wikimedia Commons Flickr Google Images Pixabay Europeana Open Clip Art Library Encyclopedia of Life Public Library of Scien CC finder 32
- 33. Searching Google for Openly Licenced Images Advance search as describe above; or Google recently launched a simpler way to filter Google images by reuse rights (ie, openly licenced resources). 33
- 34. Google Images After you search for an image, all you have to do is click “Search tools” and select the “Usage Rights” that reflect your use. All four usage rights allow for educational use. 34
- 35. Video Search YouTube Vimeo Ted – Ideas Worth Spreading Al Jazeera 35
- 36. YouTube There are a number of ways to find YouTube videos that are licensed under CC: • use the CC Search tool described above. • http://www.youtube.com/creativecommons lets you see the most viewed and most reused CC licensed videos. • in your search you can include the term “creativecommons”, and the videos returned will be CC licensed. • or you can filter for Creative Commons licenced videos after you search. 36
- 37. YouTube – filter for CC videos After you do a search, click on the filters option, and under ‘Features’ selected Creative Commons. 37
- 38. YouTube – filter for CC videos 38
- 39. Audio/Music Search Jamendo ccMixter Free Music Archive SoundCloud 39
- 40. General Education Search OER Commons The Orange Grove Digital Repository Connexions Curriki WikiEducator Saylor Academy Wikiversity LiveBinder by Karen Fasim Open Education Europa 40
- 41. Video Tutorials Search Khan Academy 41
- 42. Open Textbook Search ck-12 Wikibooks 42
- 43. Simulation and Animation Search PhET 43
- 44. Current ESA projects Climate change • Wikipedia • Australia Government – Department of the Environm • European Environment Agency • The Climate Literacy & Energy Awareness Networ • The Science Education Resource Centre • The Global Words project 44
- 45. Smartcopying website For more specific, content-oriented OER and for an ever-increasing list of OER, see the Smartcopying website: http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/open-education/open-educ 45
- 46. Exercises Finding CC material Getting CC Savvy – P2PU: https://p2pu.org/he/groups/get-cc-savvy/ 46
Hinweis der Redaktion
- You can do more with OER as compared with 'traditional' copyright material
- How do OER work? Open licences key aspect of this – eg Creative Commons Creative Commons works to make it easy for creators to share … to realize the full potential of the internet – universal access to research, education, full participation in culture – to drive a new era of development, growth, and productivity. CC Licenses make it easy and legal to share… and, as we all know, the core part of any OER definition is the educational resource is either Open license In the public domain So anyone can: reuse, revise, remix and redistribute.
- Attribution requirements have been aggregated and greatly simplified, with more flexibility built in such that the attribution requirement is subject to a “reasonable to the means, medium and context” standard. So for example, one reasonable way to satisfy the attribution requirement is with a link to a page that lists all the required attribution information.
- So here’s a practical example. Let’s say you create a video about the History of ___ and you can’t attribute all of your sources in the video itself because, well, it’s a video, and no one would be able to read it all anyway in a few seconds. Now you can simply include a link to a page that lists all the credits of the CC licensed works that you used.
- You can see that it can be as simple as listing the title, source (link to the original content), name of the author, and link to the license for each third party work included in the textbook.
- Another change to attribution in 4.0 is that if you modify a CC-licensed work and use it – you just need to indicate that you modified it along with your attribution. This makes it easier for downstream users to know that it was changed from the original. This is new in 4.0 because in 3.0 and prior versions, you only had to note this if you had created an adaptation. But now you don’t have to worry about if your change was big enough to constitute an adaptation – no matter what modification you make, just note it. This makes it easier for educators to tell the original from your version. ---- Extra notes for presenter: If a reuser modifies the work in any manner (other than trivially small ways), they have to indicate that. With 3.0 and prior versions, this was only required if an adaptation had been made. Upside for educators is that easier to tell if what you're reusing has been changed, and because a link back is required to the original if supplied, it makes it alerts those downstream that they may want to go back and look at the original.
- So here’s an example. You use another teacher’s lesson plan almost verbatim – because it’s so great – but the classroom activity is not so great. So you decide to replace it with your own activity. And you want to share that resource back with the world on your blog saying – look what I just did. Simply note that you changed it so that people who access your version of the resource will know the difference. Even better: note specifically that you replaced the classroom activity, but that everything else is still the other teacher’s work, and people who access your version of the resource can easily tell your contribution for the other teacher’s.
- Power of CC licensing in on-line world is searchability!! Standardised open approach allows coding and search-engines to recognise, search and discover content that is open for use. CC licensed resources aid in search and discovery; the licenses clarify to educators, students the rights available to them for use, remix, and resharing 2010 survey of US teachers in their use of technology and OER showed that 88% of teachers use Google to locate OER CC licensed content filtering is integrated with Google search engines via the advanced search features; Google indexing things on the web whether it has a CC licensed attached to it whereas a straight up search for a learning topic can return millions of hits, and resources teachers don’t know whether they can include in the lessons, CC filtered search returns resources that have been licensed under CC CC has also been developing an experimental OER search prototype called DiscoverEd
- CC Search, the Creative Commons search tool, lets you lets you pick a number of image sources you want to search across including Flickr, Fotopedia, Google Images, Open Clip Art Library, Wikimedia Commons and Pixabay. The CC Search tool automatically filters your search to find Creative Commons licensed resources that you can share, use, and remix. Give it a try at: CC Search If you prefer to do your searches directly from these sources direct links to each of these image sources are provided below. If you choose to do your search directly from the image source sites be sure to set the parameters of your search to define openly licensed usage rights and review the usage rights associated with any image you find.
- Many people start out looking for OER using Google. A general search with Google returns vast amounts of resources, most of which are not openly licensed for reuse. If you want to use Google to search for openly licensed resources we recommend you use: Google Advanced Search Scroll down in advanced search and set “usage rights” parameters to be “Free to use, share, or modify”. If you want content for commercial use be sure to select the appropriate option. Google search returns a vast array of openly licensed resources that may require extensive sifting to yield useful nuggets. The other search recommendations on this page are likely to yield more targeted results.
- Open Tapestry is all about discovering, adapting, and sharing learning resources, whether you're a teacher, an instructor, a professor, a corporate trainer, a learner, or just a curious mind! We help you organize your content into categories--or Tapestries--that you create. Open Tapestry’s toolset allows instructors to develop course materials in a fraction of the time, while invigorating and enhancing learners’ experience. We give you the tools to mold and shape content already on the web to exactly how you want it. All content owned by Open Tapestry (other than computer software) and made available on the website or through the Services is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported, unless otherwise noted.
- CC Search, the Creative Commons search tool, lets you lets you pick a number of image sources you want to search across including Flickr, Fotopedia, Google Images, Open Clip Art Library, Wikimedia Commons and Pixabay. The CC Search tool automatically filters your search to find Creative Commons licensed resources that you can share, use, and remix. Give it a try at: CC Search If you prefer to do your searches directly from these sources direct links to each of these image sources are provided below. If you choose to do your search directly from the image source sites be sure to set the parameters of your search to define openly licensed usage rights and review the usage rights associated with any image you find. Some specific notes on some of the above: PixabayNote, that Pixabay images are public domain images you can freely use for personal and commercial use without attribution to the original author. While Pixabay can be a good way to find public domain images your search will also return proprietary professional images Pixabay offers for sale. Europeana provides access to the digital resources of Europe’s museums, libraries, archives and audio-visual collections including paintings, drawings, maps, photos and pictures of museum objects. Not all the works are openly licensed so be sure to check for usage rights. Open Clip Art LibraryNote, that Open Clip Art Library images are public domain images you can freely use for personal and commercial use without attribution to the original author. The Encyclopedia of Life is an online collaborative encyclopedia providing global access to knowledge about biological life on earth. Entries are composed as written content with one or more pictures usually in the form of colour photographs. Content is provided by a wide variety of contributors but is reviewed for accuracy. All content on EOL is licensed under Creative Commons (CC) licenses, but each contributor defines what level of CC licensing is applicable to their content. Specific licensing information can be found adjacent to media or by clicking on desired media. If no reuse information is included then it is understood that there are no reuse restrictions other than providing credit when reusing the image. PLOS is a non-profit publisher and advocacy organization focused on science and medicine. Every article they publish is open access. All written content and images are licensed using a Creative Commons Attribution license. Searching through PLOS journals and collections can yield many highly useful images including figures, tables, and graphs. CC finder: software that you can download for free which then allows you to search the web for CC images: http://www.abelssoft.net/ccfinder.php
- Youtube: additional information in next slide Vimeo lets you easily post and find Creative Commons licensed videos. TED is a nonprofit devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading. It started out (in 1984) as a conference bringing together people from three worlds: Technology, Entertainment, Design. Since then its scope has become ever broader. On TED.com, the best talks and performances from TED and partners are made available to the world, for free. More than 900 TEDTalks are now available, with more added each week. All of the talks are subtitled in English, and many are subtitled in various languages. These videos are released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license, so they can be freely shared and reposted. The Al Jazeera Creative Common Repository hosts select broadcast quality footage that Al Jazeera has released under various Creative Commons licenses. Select Al Jazeera video footage is available for free to be downloaded, shared, remixed, subtitled and eventually rebroadcasted by users and TV stations across the world with acknowledgement to Al Jazeera. This is the first time that video footage produced by a news broadcaster is released under the ‘Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution’ license which allows for commercial and non-commercial use.
- The best way to find a video that is licensed under the Creative Commons license on YouTube is to use the CC Search tool described above in the General Search and Photo/Image Search sections. Unfortunately YouTube does not provide a filter or advanced search capability on their home page for finding all YouTube Creative Commons licensed videos. However, http://www.youtube.com/creativecommons lets you see the most viewed and most reused Creative Commons licensed videos. In addition if you can go to the YouTube home page http://youtube.com and type in your search term followed by a comma and then “creativecommons” the videos returned are CC licensed. You can mark your videos with a Creative Commons license when uploading them to YouTube. You can also incorporate the millions of Creative Commons-licensed videos on YouTube when creating your own videos using the YouTube Video Editor. Within the YouTube Video Editor you can click on the CC tab to find content available under a Creative Commons license.
- Jamendo offers more than 350,000 free music tracks licensed under Creative Commons, all available for streaming and unlimited download without ads. It allows the public to discover thousands of artists of all genres who have chosen to distribute their music independently outside the traditional system of collecting societies. Jamendo artists can choose to join the Jamendo PRO service that allows them to sell commercial licenses of their music for professional uses, such as music synchronization for audio-visual productions or broadcasting in public spaces. You can search for music on Jamendo using the CC Search tool or directly on the Jamendo web site. ccMixter is a community music site featuring remixes licensed under Creative Commons where you can listen to, sample, mash-up, or interact with music in whatever way you want. Looking for music for a video, school project, game you’re developing, or podcast? Find music liberally licensed – using dig.ccMixter music discovery tool. The Free Music Archive offers free downloads under Creative Commons and other licenses. Please visit the track page to discover what you can and cannot do with each track. SoundCloud is a social sound platform for people to create and share music and sounds. Recording and uploading sounds to SoundCloud lets people easily share them privately with their friends or publicly to blogs, sites and social networks. Many SoundCloud songs and sounds are licensed with Creative Commons. Use the url http://soundcloud.com/creativecommons to see SoundCloud sounds and songs licensed with Creative Commons.
- The search tools profiled above are for educators who are simply looking for individual media elements to use within their courses. However, an even higher value can be gained by finding Open Educational Resources (OER) that other educators have already vetted and assembled into education content such as full courses, workshops, textbooks, tests and assessments. This search section is focused on helping you find this kind of OER. OER Commons has forged alliances with over 120 major content partners to provide a single point of access through which educators and learners can search across collections to access over 30,000 items, find and provide descriptive information about each resource, and retrieve the ones they need. These resources are publicly available for all to use principally through Creative Commons licensing. The Orange Grove digital repository provides an environment for educators to search for, use, remix, share, and contribute educational resources. A wide range of K-12 and post-secondary resources are available. The repository can also be integrated with a Learning Management Systems (e.g., Blackboard, Desire 2 Learn, Canvas). Some resources are openly licensed and some are free for educational use but may be protected through various copyright statements associated with each resource. Connexions is a place to view and share educational material made of small knowledge chunks called modules that can be organized as courses, books, reports, etc. Anyone may view or contribute. Content is licensed with Creative Commons. Curriki is a leading K-12 global community for teachers, students, and parents to create, share, and find open learning resources that improve teacher effectiveness and student outcomes. Curriki has OER for Arts, Career & Technical Education, Education, Educational Technology, Health, Information & Media Literacy, Language Arts, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, World Languages all licensed using Creative Commons. WikiEducator is a community project working collaboratively with the Free Culture Movement towards a free version of the education curriculum. Driven by the learning for development agenda WikiEducator focuses on: building capacity in the use of Mediawiki and related free software technologies for mass-collaboration in the authoring of free content developing free content for use in schools, polytechnics, universities, vocational education institutions and informal education settings facilitating the establishment of community networks and collaboration with existing free content initiatives in education fostering new technologies that will widen access, improve quality and reduce the cost associated with providing education, primarily through the use of free content. Saylor Academy: k-12 is still in Beta, but currently there are courses and teaching resources for English Language Arts, Maths and ‘Electives’ (which are very US-centric). Wikiversity is a Wikimedia Foundation project devoted to learning resources, learning projects, and research for use in all levels, types, and styles of education from pre-school to university, including professional training and informal learning. Wikiversity has thousands of learning resources licensed with Creative Commons. LiveBinder by Karen Fasimpaur - Open Educational resources: Share, Remix, Learn: A collection of some of the best open-licensed educational resources that can be used in K-12, as well as other useful related information. The collection is licensed CC BY.
- The Khan Academy has a large library of videos covering math, biology, chemistry, physics and even the humanities, finance and history. Khan videos aren’t so much recorded lectures as short 10 minute long tutorials with an instructor narrating explanations and working things out on a board by hand on your computer screen. Check out Khan’s library of videos.
- CK-12 offers free high-quality, standards-aligned, open content in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) subjects. By providing these free resources, CK-12 is working toward educational equity for all. CK-12 provides an integrated set of tools for learning including digital textbooks, concept-based learning, SAT prep, and interactive Algebra curriculum (with additional math and science subjects in progress). CK-12 resources are openly licensed using Creative Commons.
- PhET provides fun, interactive, research-based simulations of physical phenomena for free. PhET simulations enable students to make connections between real-life phenomena and the underlying science, deepening their understanding and appreciation of the physical world. All PhET simulations are freely available from the PhET website and are easy to use and incorporate into the classroom. They are written in Java and Flash, and can be run using a standard web browser as long as Flash and Java are installed. The PhET Interactive Simulations are distributed under the Creative Commons-Attribution 3.0 license and the Creative Commons GNU General Public License. Here’s a list of PhET simulations.
- Doing an advanced search in Google for ‘climate change’ material that allows for sharing returns 10+ pages of materials.
- Getting CC Savvy: Learn about Creative Commons licenses and how they work This challenge: Will familiarize you with the range of Creative Commons licenses, which grant permission to the world to use creative work in specific ways. Will get you started on the road to CC savvy with a few short videos and activities.