1. Bicol University
College of Education
Daraga, Albay
WRITTEN REPORT
“Folklore as Oral Traditions,
Culture and Rituals”
(Mythology and Folklore)
Arianne M. Manaog
Sarah Oropesa
Veronica Quising
Dr. Renelyn E. Bautista
Professor

2. I.TOPIC:
Folklore as Oral Traditions, Culture and Rituals
II.OBJECTIVES
At the end of the discussion, the students are expected to:
1. Determine the different aspects of folklore under traditions, culture and rituals.
2. Share their knowledge and experiences about folklores.
3. Apply and reflect on the values learned in the traditions, culture and rituals.
III. PROCEDURE
A. Motivation
Let the students perform the activity called “Tell Me Your Story” wherein they
would tell the class in what way do they learn best.
B. Introduction
Folklore (or lore) consists of legends, music, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular
beliefs ,fairy tales, stories, tall tales, and customs included in the traditions of a
culture, subculture, or group. It also includes the set of practices through which those
expressive genres are shared.
C. Discussion
Folklore as Oral Tradition
While folklore can contain religious or mythic elements, it equally concerns itself
with the sometimes mundane traditions of everyday life. Folklore frequently ties the
practical and the esoteric into one narrative package. It has often been conflated
with mythology, and vice versa, because it has been assumed that any figurative story
that does not pertain to the dominant beliefs of the time is not of the same status as
those dominant beliefs. Thus, Roman religion is called "myth" by today's dominant
religions. In that way, both "myth" and "folklore" have become catch-all terms for all
figurative narratives which do not correspond with the dominant belief structure.
"Folktales" is a general term for different varieties of traditional narrative. The
telling of stories appears to be a cultural universal, common to basic and complex
societies alike. Even the forms folktales take are certainly similar from culture to culture,
and comparative studies of themes and narrative ways have been successful in showing
these relationships. Also it is considered to be an oral tale to be told for everybody.
Oral tradition and oral lore is cultural material and tradition transmitted orally from one
generation to another. The messages or testimony are verbally transmitted in speech or
song and may take the form, for example, of folktales, sayings, ballads, songs, or

3. chants. In this way, it is possible for a society to transmit oral history, oral literature, oral
law and otherknowledges across generations without a writing system.
proverb (from Latin: proverbium) is a simple and concrete saying, popularly known and
repeated, that expresses a truth based on common sense or the practical experience of
humanity. They are oftenmetaphorical. A proverb that describes a basic rule of conduct
may also be known as a maxim.
joke is something spoken, written, or done with humorous intention.[1] Jokes may have
many different forms, e.g., a single word or a gesture (considered in a particular
context), a question-answer, or a whole short story. The word "joke" has a number of
synonyms, including wisecrack, gag, prank, quip, jape and jest.[1] To achieve their end,
jokes may employ irony, sarcasm, word play and other devices. Jokes may have
a punch line, i.e., an ending to make it humorous.A practical joke or prank differs from a
spoken joke in that the major component of the humour is physical rather than verbal (for
example placing salt in the sugar bowl).
fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such
as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, dwarves, giants,mermaids,
or gnomes,
and
usually magic or enchantments. Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk
narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events
described)[1] and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.
In less technical contexts, the term is also used to describe something blessed with
unusual happiness, as in "fairy tale ending" (a happy ending)[2] or "fairy tale romance"
(though not all fairy tales end happily). Colloquially, a "fairy tale" or "fairy story" can also
mean any farfetched story or tall tale; it's used especially of any story that not only isn't
true, but couldn't possibly be true.
In cultures where demons and witches are perceived as real, fairy tales may merge
intolegends, where the narrative is perceived both by teller and hearers as being
grounded in historical truth. However, unlike legends and epics, they usually do not
contain more than superficial references to religion and actual places, people, and
events; they take place once upon a time rather than in actual times.[3]
Fairy tales are found in oral and in literary form. The history of the fairy tale is particularly
difficult to trace because only the literary forms can survive. Still, the evidence of literary
works at least indicates that fairy tales have existed for thousands of years, although not
perhaps recognized as a genre; the name "fairy tale" was first ascribed to them
by Madame d'Aulnoy in the late 17th century. Many of today's fairy tales have evolved
from centuries-old stories that have appeared, with variations, in multiple cultures around
the world.[4] Fairy tales, and works derived from fairy tales, are still written today.

4. Folklore as Culture
Folklore has many cultural aspects, such as allowing for escape from societal
consequences. In addition, folklore can also serve to validate a culture (romantic
nationalism), as well as transmit a culture's morals and values. Folklore can also be the
root of many cultural types of music. Country, blues, and bluegrass all originate from
American folklore. Folklore can also be used to assert social pressures, or relieve them,
for example in the case of humor and carnival.
(Philippine Culture)
Cultures, with influences from Indian and Chinese. Philippine culture is consists
of different aspects such as dance, games, language, food, arts, festivals, holidays and
many more. In our subject we define culture as a way of life and folklore as presentor of
common people’s lives. Our culture is influenced by colonizers.
Culture (Latin: cultura, lit. "cultivation"[1]) is a modern concept based on a term
first used inclassical antiquity by the Roman orator Cicero: "cultura animi" (cultivation of
the soul).
Specifically, the term "culture" in American anthropology had two meanings:
1. the evolved human capacity to classify and represent experiences with symbols, and
to act imaginatively and creatively; and
2. the distinct ways that people living differently classified and represented their
experiences, and acted creatively.
Aspects of Culture:
Language and dialect
Technology
Cuisine
Aesthetics - art, music, literature, fashion, and architecture
Values
Social conventions, including norms and etiquette
Recreational activities such as festivals and holidays
Commercial practices
Social structure
Religion
Folklore as Rituals
A ritual "is a stereotyped sequence of activities involving gestures, words, and
objects, performed in a sequestered place, and designed to influence preternatural

5. entities or forces on behalf of the actors' goals and interests."[1] Rituals may be
prescribed by the traditions of a community, including a religious community.
Many rituals can sometimes be considered folklore, whether formalized in a
cultural or religious system (e.g., weddings, baptisms, harvest festivals) or practiced
within a family or secular context. For example, in certain parts of the United States (as
well as other countries) one places a knife, or a pair of scissors, under the mattress to
"cut the birth pains" after giving birth. Additionally, children's counting-out games can be
defined as behavioral folklore.
EXAMPLE:
*(Video on Folkloric Rituals is presented)
D. Activity
( 4 groups)
In 5-8 minutes, think of one oral tradition, culture and ritual of the Filipinos and
share your work with the rest of class.
IV. Synthesis
Folklore shows symbol of culture and identity. Oral tradition has been preserved through
ages. A folklore study is all-inclusive as it includes all the genres of our culture both spiritual and
material aspects. It has been used as a mechanism to reconstruct ancient beliefs, customs and
rituals. One aspect of folklore studies is that it helps us to understand the rich folklore and
mystic tradition of our ancestors. In understanding and appreciating the folklore, we develop an
understanding of their culture from whence we sprung. Folklore shows nationalism, which

6. reinforced ethnic identity. Folk culture is a way of establishing unity among the different people
living in the same culture.
V. Reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folklore
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_the_Philippines
http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1984/4/84.04.01.x.html#b
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_tradition
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVvt6Aaooog
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kW7cvUC0374
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritual