glossary second child education

1. GLOSSARY
2º year of Early Childhood
Education
• ESTHER ROMERO
• PAOLA TRAPOTE

2. INDEX
• ZPD
• TPR
• Target language and mother tongue
• Approach
• Acquisition vs Learning
• Silent period
• The Critical Period
• LAD
• EFL, ESL
• Phonics
• Multiple intelligencies theory
• Digital literacy vs literacy

3. ZPD
The zone of proximal development
(ZPD), has been defined as: The
distance between the actual
developmental level as determined by
independent problem solving and the
level of potential development as
determined through problem solving
under adult guidance, or in
collaboration with more capable peers.

4. TPR
A language-teaching method based on
the coordination of language and
physical movement.
In TPR, instructors give commands to
students in the target language, ande
students respond with whole-body
actions, before the adquisition of
language.

5. TARGET
LANGUAGE
It´s a language that someone is learning, or
a language into which a text has to be
translated.
•

6. MOTHER
TONGUE
It´s the language which a person has learned
from birth or within the critical period.
Children brought up speaking more than one
language can have more than one native
language, and be bilingual.

7. APPROACH
The approach is the way in which the
teacher wants guiding their classes,
depending on different points of view,
according to how to teach and what you
want to work.

8. ADQUISITION VS
LEARNING
There are two independent ways of
developing ability in second languages.
Adquisition: it is a subconscious process,
identical in most important ways to the
process children utilice in acquiring their first
language. It does not require extensive use of
conscious grammatical rules.
Learning: it is a conscious process that
consists of learning grammar rules of a
foreign language.

9. SILENT PERIOD
It is the interval of time when students feel
unable to communicate orally in a foreign
language. It is better to wait for students to
speak naturally when they feel comfortable
before forcing them to talk.

10. The Critical
Period
The critical period hypothesis is the subject of
long standing debate in linguistics and
language acquisition over the extent to which
the ability to acquire language is biologically
linked to age.

11. LAD
Is a system of principles that children
are born with that helps them learn
language, and accounts for the order
in which children learn structures, and
the mistakes they make as they learn.
Second language learning theory
proposes that acquisition is possible
in second and subsequent languages,
and that learning programmes have to
create the conditions for it.

12. EFL, ESL
• English a first language: is the use of
English as a native language.
• English as a second language: is the use
or study of English by speakers with different
native languages.

13. Phonics
It´s a method of teaching
elementary reading and spelling
based on the phonetic
interpretation of ordinary spelling.

14. Multiple intelligencies
theory
It´s a theory, it´s knowing as model of
intelligence that differentiates it into specific
(pimary sensory) “modalities”, rather than
seeing it as dominated by a single general
ability.

15. Digital literacy
The ability to use digital technology, communication
tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create
information.
Digital Literacy includes the ability to read and interpret
media, to reproduce data and images through digital
manipulation, and to evaluate and apply new knowledge
gained from digital envionments.

16. Literacy
The quality or state of being literate,
especially the ability to read and write.

17. That´s all