6. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
“New wave reductionism” and evolutionary biology
●
“the molecular mechanisms of any psychological kind that is
causally efficacious and confers fitness on its possessors
must engage the functionally constrained regions of
"housekeeping" proteins involved in basic cellular
metabolism. And as we just saw, these are the regions of
biological molecules that evolve the slowest. Thus we should
expect cellular and molecular neuroscience to find common
molecular mechanisms across existing species that share
psychological processes.” (Bickle, 2003)
14. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
Changes in brain region size
●
Individual regions can change
size…
●
… in concerted or mosaic
evolution…
●
… depending on
developmental mechanisms
Finlay BL (2009). Brain Evolution: Developmental Constraints and
Relative Developmental Growth. In: Squire LR (ed.) Encyclopedia
of Neuroscience, volume 2, pp. 337-345. Oxford: Academic Press
15. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
Heterochrony (“Late equals large”)
●
Finlay & Darlington (1995): Regions that develop “late” tend to be
larger.
●
Possible explanation: More developmental time generates more
“rounds” of neurogenesis.
16. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
Consequences for connectivity
●
Deacon (1990): “larger = more
connected”.
●
Possible mechanism:
competition during the formation
of novel synapses Possível
explicação: competição durante
a formação de conexões
neurais (desenvolvimento).
17. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
In summary
↑ Number of
subdivisions
↑ Number of efferent
connections
↑ Brain size
↑ Number of regions ↑ Size of regions
Modularity
↓ Number of afferent
connections
18. cmaximino@unifesspa.edu.br
Climate change can impact brain development and evolution
●
Temperature effects on nervous system
development can alter neural attributes ranging
from the biochemical to the system level,
including effects on gene expression in neurons,
neuron structure, and brain organization
●
The thermal environment can influence
neurogenesis in adult brains
●
Climate change can indirectly influence the
adaptiveness of sensory and neural function,
even if neural performance per se remains
constant, by affecting the sensory enviroment